Fig. 8 Analysis of drivers for wetland vegetation characteristics in the Qaidam Basin using PLS-PM. (a), the loading value of each explanatory variable; (b), the direct and indirect effects of environmental variables on wetland ecosystems from the PLS-PM. AVE, average variance extracted; MAP, mean annual precipitation; MAT, mean annual temperature; PET, potential evapotranspiration. GOF, Goodness-of-Fit. **, significance at P<0.05 level; ***, significance at P<0.01 level. Solid lines indicate significant relationships; and blue and red dashed lines indicate negative and positive insignificant relationships, respectively. The thickness of the line represents the strength of the causal relationship, supplemented by a standardized path coefficient.
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