|
Fig 6
Appendix 2 a?j. Size class structures of ten species population in each habitat Note: PT =
P. juliflora thicket stands; PJM =
P. juliflora with native species stands; NIWL = Non-invaded woodland; OGL = Open grazing land.
Table 6
Appendix 1 Plant species list in Awash Fentale and Amibara Woredas
Table 4
Mean values of the regeneration status for
P. juliflora invaded and non-invaded habitats at Amibara and Awash Fentale districts, Ethiopia (Unit: stems ha
-1)
Table 3
General linear model showing the effects of
P. juliflora invasion levels on regeneration status of woody species in Awash Fentale and Amibara Woredas
Table 2
Mean values of vegetation patterns for
P. juliflora invasion levels in Awash Fentale and Amibara Woredas
Table 1
GLM showing effects location and
P. juliflora invasion levels on species diversity in Amibara and Awash Fentale Woredas, Ethiopia
Fig. 5
Proportion (%) of plant species in each habitat Note: PJT is
Prosopis juliflora thicket; PJM is
Prosopis juliflora mixed with native species; NIWL is non-invaded woodland; OGL is open grazing land.
P. juliflora invasions levels didn’t show significant variations in growth forms (
P > 0.05).
Fig. 4
Proportion (%) of plant species in the study woredas
Fig. 3
Plates showing P. juliflora invasion levels or habitats in Afar Floristic Region Note: Plate (a) indicates an area invaded purely by
P. juliflora and plate (b)
P. juliflora mixed with native species, however, plate (c) is non-invaded woodlands without
P. juliflora invasion and plate (d) is only grassland area not invaded by
P. juliflora or encroached by other native woody species.
Fig. 2
Thirty-one-year (1986-2017) climate diagram for Awash Fentale Woreda (a) and fifteen-year (1986-2001) climate diagram for Amibara Woreda (b) Note: Data source: Shiferaw et al. (
Fig. 1
Location of the study area (Afar region) in Ethiopia (a) and location of Amibara Woreda and Awash Fentale Woreda in Afar region (b)
Fig. 10
Plot of the partial distance-based redundancy analysis (partial db-RDA) of bird communities at on-colony and off-colony sites in 2018 Note: Statistically significant vectors plotted for elevation (
P = 0.047) and plant richness (
P = 0.019).
Fig. 9
NMDS of bird communities at sites on and off pika colonies in 2018 Note: Crosses represent significantly different centroid locations for categorical variables according to PERMANOVA (
F = 7.32,
P < 0.001). Envfit vectors are plotted for variables where the correlation was significantly different from zero (i.e. elevation,
R
2 = 0.5,
P = 0.001) and grass cover (
R
2 = 0.2,
P = 0.05).
Fig. 8
NMDS of bird communities at poisoned and untreated sites during 2017 Note: Envfit vector displayed for elevation (
R
2 = 0.7,
P = 0.01).
Fig. 7
Graph of total observations of bird species at sites off and on pika colonies in 2018 Note: Differences were significant for
P. humilis (
W = 72,
P = 0.02),
U. epops (
W = 72,
P = 0.02),
S. paradoxus, (
W = 72,
P = 0.02),
P. ruficollis (
W = 90,
P = <0.001),
O. taczanowskii (
W = 72,
P = 0.02) and
B. hemilasius (
W = 76.5,
P = 0.01).
Fig. 6
Bar chart showing total observations of each bird species at poisoned and untreated sites in 2017 Note: None of the differences were significant according to Wilcoxon rank sum tests (
P >0.05).
Fig. 5
Box plot showing burrow densities at poisoned and untreated sites
Fig. 4
Schematic diagram of the site and transects
Fig. 3
Map of survey sites on and off pika colonies surveyed in 2018 in Yanchiwan NNR
Fig. 2
Map of poisoned and untreated (i.e., not poisoned) survey sites in Yanchiwan NNR for 2017
