中国典型沼泽湿地土壤溶解性有机质含量及光谱特性的区域性差异
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桑娈(2001—),女,山东省济宁人,硕士研究生,从事湿地生态学研究。E-mail: sangluan23@mails.ucas.ac.cn |
收稿日期: 2025-01-20
修回日期: 2025-04-24
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
版权
Regional differences in dissolved organic matter content and spectral characteristics of typical swamp wetland soils in China
Received date: 2025-01-20
Revised date: 2025-04-24
Online published: 2026-03-12
Copyright
湿地土壤溶解性有机质(DOM)是反映土壤有机碳库变化的敏感指标,其变化特征与驱动因素一直是国内外的研究热点,然而其是否存在区域性差异却鲜有研究。本研究选取大兴安岭、内蒙古、青海和西藏4个典型气候区的沼泽湿地,通过紫外–可见光谱(UV-Vis)和三维荧光激发–发射矩阵(3D-EEM)技术,结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC),系统探究了土壤DOM的空间分异规律及其环境驱动机制。研究结果表明,沼泽湿地土壤DOM含量及光谱特性区域差异显著,大兴安岭沼泽湿地土壤DOM含量最高;青海沼泽湿地土壤DOM芳香化与腐殖化程度较高;青藏高原沼泽湿地受高海拔和极端气候影响,土壤DOM以自生源特征为主,自生源指数(BIX)值最高。此外,DOM的空间分布与经纬度显著相关,呈现地带性规律,随着纬度升高,DOM含量增加而腐殖化程度降低,体现了气候–植被–微生物系统的协同调控。土壤pH与DOM含量负相关,但与芳香性组分正相关;结构方程模型表明,地理空间位置是大区域尺度DOM分异的主控因子,局地尺度上植被生物量起主导作用。
桑娈 , 张仲胜 , 赵雯雯 , 武浩波 , 张子墨 , 武海涛 . 中国典型沼泽湿地土壤溶解性有机质含量及光谱特性的区域性差异[J]. 湿地科学, 2026 , 24(1) : 68 -78 . DOI: 10.13248/j.cnki.wetlandsci.20250018
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wetland soil is a sensitive indicator reflecting the change of soil organic carbon pool, and its variation characteristics and driving factors have been a research hotspot at home and abroad. However, there is little research on whether it has regional differences. In this study, we selected marsh wetlands in four typical climatic regions of Da Hinggan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, and Xizang, and used ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) techniques to investigate the effects of climate change on the wetland ecosystem, combined with PARAFAC analysis, the spatial variation of soil DOM and its environmental driving mechanism were systematically explored. The results showed that the content and spectral characteristics of soil DOM were significantly different in different regions. The content of soil DOM was the highest in Da Hinggan Mountains, and the aromatization and humification of soil DOM were higher in Qinghai affected by high altitude and extreme climate, the soil DOM of the marsh wetland on the Qinghai-xizang plateau was dominated by abiotic characteristics, and the abiotic index (BIX) value was the highest. In addition, the spatial distribution of DOM was significantly correlated with latitude and longitude, showing a zonal pattern. With the increase of latitude, the content of DOM increased and the degree of humification decreased, reflecting the cooperative regulation of the climate-vegetation-microorganism system. Soil pH was negatively correlated with DOM content, but positively correlated with aromatic components. Structural equation modeling showed that geospatial location was the main controlling factor for DOM differentiation at large regional scales, and that soil pH could be used as a proxy for DOM variability at large regional scales, and vegetation biomass played a dominant role at the local scale.
1 Soil physical and chemical properties, contents and spectral characteristics of dissolving organic materials in four typical marsh wetlands of China中国典型沼泽湿地土壤理化性质、溶解性有机质含量及光谱特征 |
| 指标 | 大兴安岭 | 内蒙古 | 青海 | 西藏 | |||||||
| 范围 | 均值 | 范围 | 均值 | 范围 | 均值 | 范围 | 均值 | ||||
| 注:小写字母不同表示在p<0.05水平上差异显著(Tukey 检验),小写字母相同表示不同处理间无显著差异(p≥0.05)。 | |||||||||||
| 溶解性有机质质量比/(g/kg) | 0.85~2.69 | (1.73±0.14)a | 0.89~2.42 | (1.45±0.15)a | 0.28~0.86 | (0.61±0.12)b | 0.09~1.32 | (0.76±0.26)b | |||
| 有机碳质量比/(g/kg) | 25.91~682.88 | (306.38±0.41)a | 16.46~239.25 | (82.94±0.36)b | 31.86~193.40 | (44.15±0.22)b | 11.77~144.06 | (38.11±0.34)b | |||
| 溶解性有机质 占有机碳的比例/% | 0.20~5.46 | (1.15±0.39)a | 0.86~6.42 | (2.67±0.26)b | 0.37~2.62 | (0.97±0.25)c | 0.57~7.58 | (2.13±0.35)ab | |||
| pH | 4.46~5.98 | (5.31±0.03)a | 6.71~8.55 | (7.65±0.04)b | 5.67~7.67 | (6.96±0.04)c | 4.66~8.40 | (7.35±0.05)b | |||
| 荧光指数FI | 1.56~1.75 | (1.66±0.01)a | 1.40~1.86 | (1.61±0.04)a | 1.49~1.80 | (1.60±0.02)ab | 1.43~2.05 | (1.67±0.03)b | |||
| 自生源指数BIX | 0.59~0.92 | (0.68±0.04)a | 0.48~0.95 | (0.71±0.10)a | 0.61~1.02 | (0.75±0.06)a | 0.61~1.44 | (0.84±0.09)b | |||
| 腐殖化指数HIX | 1.32~5.37 | (2.53±0.19)a | 0.21~0.99 | (0.51±0.22)b | 1.53~6.60 | (3.12±0.17)a | 0.85~11.99 | (2.85±0.30)a | |||
| SUVA254 | 0.09~0.56 | (0.31±0.25)a | 0.31~1.12 | (0.59±0.17)bc | 0.53~2.35 | (1.48±0.18)bc | 0.16~2.59 | (1.05±0.38)ab | |||
| 光谱斜率比值SR | 2.81~4.82 | (3.74±0.07)a | 3.08~4.28 | (3.60±0.04)a | 3.77~6.48 | (5.05±0.07)b | 1.56~4.88b | (3.07±0.11)c | |||
2 Characteristics of main fluorescence peaks of dissolved organic matter in four typical marsh wetland soils in China中国典型沼泽湿地土壤溶解性有机质的主要荧光峰特征 |
| 区域 | 荧光组分 | 荧光峰位置 | 荧光组分类型 | 荧光峰 | 参考文献 | |
| 激发波长/nm | 发射波长/nm | |||||
| 大兴安岭 | C1 | 260,310 | 410 | 富里酸(紫外光区和可见光区富里酸) | A,C | [39] |
| C2 | 230, 280 | 330, 370 | 类蛋白质(色氨酸类) | T | [44] | |
| C3 | 200 | 310, 370 | 类蛋白质(酪氨酸类) | B | [45] | |
| C4 | 270, 370 | 470 | 腐殖酸 | D | [46] | |
| 内蒙古 | C1 | 240, 310 | 410 | 富里酸(紫外光区和可见光区富里酸) | A,C | [39] |
| C2 | 270 | 458~466 | 腐殖酸 | D | [46] | |
| C3 | 230, 280 | 330 | 类蛋白质(色氨酸类) | T | [44] | |
| C4 | 220 | 322,338 | 类蛋白质(色氨酸类) | T | [44] | |
| 青海 | C1 | 240~260,310 | 402 | 富里酸(紫外光区和可见光区富里酸) | A,C | [39] |
| C2 | 270 | 458 | 腐殖酸 | D | [46] | |
| C3 | 230, 280 | 338 | 类蛋白质(色氨酸类) | T | [44] | |
| C4 | 220 | 306 | 类蛋白质(酪氨酸类) | B | [45] | |
| 西藏 | C1 | 250 | 410 | 富里酸(紫外光区类富里酸) | A | [46] |
| C2 | 270 | 466 | 腐殖酸 | D | [44] | |
| C3 | 230, 280 | 330 | 类蛋白质(色氨酸类) | T | [44] | |
| C4 | 230 | 314 | 类蛋白质(酪氨酸类) | B | [39] | |
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