盐城射阳河口沉积柱中多环芳烃来源与生态风险评价
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毛龙江(1975—),男,湖南省涟源人,博士,教授,从事海洋沉积环境等方面的研究。E-mail: mlj1214@163.com |
收稿日期: 2024-03-25
修回日期: 2024-04-17
网络出版日期: 2026-03-12
版权
Sources analysis and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from the Sheyang River Estuary in Yancheng City
Received date: 2024-03-25
Revised date: 2024-04-17
Online published: 2026-03-12
Copyright
通过测定江苏省盐城市射阳河口沉积柱(沉积柱1和沉积柱2)中多环芳烃含量,分析其垂向分布特征、来源及生态风险水平,探讨多环芳烃污染与人类活动的关联。研究结果表明,射阳河口沉积柱1和沉积柱2中15种多环芳烃总质量比平均值分别为122.21 ng/g和141.88 ng/g,7种致癌多环芳烃组分总质量比平均值分别为66.68 ng/g和72.45 ng/g。射阳河口沉积柱多环芳烃由高分子量多环芳烃组成,多环芳烃含量在垂直分布上整体呈现为阶段性上升趋势。射阳河口沉积柱中多环芳烃主要来源是车辆排放源(45.00 %)、煤炭和天然气燃烧源(43.00%)、石油泄漏和生物质燃烧的混合源(12.00%)。射阳河口沉积柱中多环芳烃的生态风险水平较小,毒性风险均小于10%。沉积柱中多环芳烃污染主要与工业活动和交通排放指标正相关,其解释了98.36%的多环芳烃污染与社会经济指标的关系,其中,城镇人口与车辆排放对高分子量多环芳烃的累积贡献大,农业活动对低分子量多环芳烃含量的累积贡献大。
毛龙江 , 邓晓茜 , 应佳霖 , 廖晨峰 , 王婷 , 彭模 , 骆祝华 . 盐城射阳河口沉积柱中多环芳烃来源与生态风险评价[J]. 湿地科学, 2025 , 23(4) : 813 -824 . DOI: 10.13248/j.cnki.wetlandsci.20240084
In recent years, the rapid expansion of industrialization and urbanization in the coastal zones of Jiangsu Province has led to the extensive discharge of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons into river systems flowing into the sea, significantly accelerating the degradation of estuarine and nearshore ecosystems. The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined in two sediment cores (sediment core 1 and sediment core 2) from the Sheyang River Estuary in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, China. The characteristics of vertical distributions, sources, and ecological risk level was analyzed, and explored the correlation between pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and human activities. These can provide essential scientific support for pollution control and environmental management in estuarine zones of coastal cities. The average total concentrations of 15 kinds polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment core 1 and sediment core 2 were 122.21 ng/g and 141.88 ng/g, respectively. The average concentrations of seven carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 66.68 ng/g and 72.45 ng/g, accounting for 52.77% and 47.83% of the total concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon load, respectively. High molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons dominated the composition, comprising 79.49% in sediment core 1 and 75.37% in sediment core 2. Among the 15 kinds polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, chrysene contributed the largest proportion, accounting for 15.00% and 13.30% in sediment core 1 and sediment core 2 respectively. The vertical distribution of the total concentrations of 15 kinds polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exhibited a stagewise increasing trend, which closely corresponded with historical variations in the discharge volume of the Sheyang River Sluice, regional industrial development, and the implementation of environmental policies. Source apportionment revealed that the major contributors were vehicle emissions (45.00%), combustion of coal and natural gas (43.00%), and a mixed source of petroleum leakage and biomass burning (12.00%). Ecological risk assessment indicated relatively low overall risk levels, with benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent toxic risks below 10% in all samples. Redundancy analysis showed that the contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was positively correlated with indicators of industrial and transportation activities, with socioeconomic factors explaining 98.36% of the variation in the contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Specifically, 3-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were positively associated with arable land area and rural population; 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons correlated with urban population and total highway mileage; 5-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were significantly related to the total power of agricultural machinery, and 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons also exhibited a strong positive correlation with urban population. These results suggest that the accumulation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is primarily driven by urban population growth and vehicular emissions, while agricultural activities are more closely associated with the accumulation of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Overall, the sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons serves as an effective proxy for reconstructing historical trends in regional transportation and agro-industrial activity intensity.
4 Vertical profiles of ratios of anthracene to anthracene and phenanthrene, benzo (a) anthracene to benzo (a) anthracene and chrysene, indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene to indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene and benzo (ghi) perylene (A); Source contributions to each compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (B); Source contributions to total contents of 15 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from the Sheyang River Estuary (C)射阳河口沉积柱中蒽含量/(蒽+菲)含量、苯并(a)蒽含量/(苯并(a)蒽+屈)含量和茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘含量/(茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘+苯并(g,h,i)苝)含量值的垂直分布(A)、各来源对多环芳烃各组分的贡献(B)以及各来源对15种多环芳烃组分总质量比的贡献率(C) |
1 Effects range-low (ERL), effects range-median (ERM), and benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentrations (BaPeq) of each compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from the Sheyang River Estuary射阳河口沉积柱中多环芳烃各组分的效应区间低值(ERL)、效应区间中值(ERM)和毒性当量含量(BaPeq) |
| PAHs组分 | 沉积物质量基准法 | 沉积柱1的等效致癌毒性(BaPeq)/(ng/g) | 沉积柱2的等效致癌毒性(BaPeq) /(ng/g) | |||||||
| ERL | ERM | 最小值 | 最大值 | 平均值 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 平均值 | |||
| 注:/表示无数据。 | ||||||||||
| 苊烯 | 44.0 | 640 | 0.000 290 | 0.001 1 | 0.000 43 | 0.000 076 | 0.001 7 | 0.000 65 | ||
| 苊 | 16.0 | 500 | 0.000 098 | 0.001 2 | 0.000 60 | 0.000 052 | 0.004 3 | 0.001 30 | ||
| 芴 | 19.0 | 540 | 0.002 100 | 0.007 2 | 0.004 10 | 0.002 300 | 0.022 0 | 0.008 50 | ||
| 菲 | 240.0 | 1 500 | 0.005 500 | 0.023 0 | 0.010 00 | 0.007 000 | 0.042 0 | 0.016 00 | ||
| 蒽 | 85.3 | 1 100 | 0.022 000 | 0.260 0 | 0.076 00 | 0.025 000 | 0.150 0 | 0.048 00 | ||
| 荧蒽 | 600.0 | 5 100 | 0.002 100 | 0.007 2 | 0.004 10 | 0.002 300 | 0.022 0 | 0.008 50 | ||
| 芘 | 665.0 | 2 600 | 0.005 400 | 0.053 0 | 0.017 00 | 0.006 400 | 0.049 0 | 0.017 00 | ||
| 苯并(a)蒽 | 261.0 | 1 600 | 0.130 000 | 2.090 0 | 0.760 00 | 0.300 000 | 2.910 0 | 0.830 00 | ||
| 屈 | 384.0 | 2 800 | 0.043 000 | 0.450 0 | 0.180 00 | 0.070 000 | 0.660 0 | 0.200 00 | ||
| 苯并(b)荧蒽 | 320.0 | 1 880 | 0.250 000 | 2.590 0 | 1.240 00 | 0.530 000 | 4.090 0 | 1.300 00 | ||
| 苯并(k)荧蒽 | 280.0 | 1 620 | 0.050 000 | 1.450 0 | 0.590 00 | 0.190 000 | 2.030 0 | 0.590 00 | ||
| 苯并(a)芘 | 430.0 | 1 600 | 1.070 000 | 16.620 0 | 8.000 00 | 2.940 000 | 36.610 0 | 9.710 00 | ||
| 二苯并(a,h)蒽 | 430.0 | 1 600 | 0.580 000 | 8.040 0 | 3.980 00 | 1.610 000 | 12.510 0 | 4.160 00 | ||
| 茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘 | / | / | 0.170 000 | 2.050 0 | 1.040 00 | 0.420 000 | 4.050 0 | 1.170 00 | ||
| 苯并(g,h,i)苝 | 63.4 | 260 | 0.019 000 | 0.220 0 | 0.110 00 | 0.056 000 | 0.390 0 | 0.130 00 | ||
| 15种多环芳烃总质量比 | 3 837.7 | 23 340 | 2.360 000 | 33.860 0 | 16.010 00 | 6.340 000 | 63.530 0 | 18.190 00 | ||
| 7种致癌多环芳烃组分总质量比 | / | / | 2.300 000 | 33.290 0 | 15.790 00 | 6.240 000 | 62.850 0 | 17.960 00 | ||
2 Benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent concentrations (BaPeq) of total contents of 15 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the 7 carcinogenic kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment cores from the Sheyang River Estuary射阳河口沉积柱中15种多环芳烃总质量比和7种致癌多环芳烃组分总质量比的毒性当量含量 |
| 沉积柱1 | 15种多环芳烃 总质量比的毒性当量含量/(ng/g) | 7种致癌多环芳烃组分 总质量比的毒性当量含量/(ng/g) | 沉积柱2 | 15种多环芳烃 总质量比的毒性当量含量/(ng/g) | 7种致癌多环芳烃组分 总质量比的毒性当量含量/(ng/g) | |
| 01 | 29.54 | 29.27 | 01 | 21.97 | 21.74 | |
| 02 | 14.90 | 14.76 | 02 | 16.33 | 16.13 | |
| 03 | 23.66 | 23.45 | 03 | 43.63 | 43.21 | |
| 04 | 13.01 | 12.85 | 04 | 63.53 | 62.85 | |
| 05 | 9.20 | 8.98 | 05 | 6.83 | 6.70 | |
| 06 | 7.61 | 7.46 | 06 | 7.52 | 7.38 | |
| 07 | 6.58 | 6.45 | 07 | 8.04 | 7.85 | |
| 08 | 19.27 | 18.99 | 08 | 6.34 | 6.24 | |
| 09 | 33.86 | 33.29 | 09 | 6.66 | 6.56 | |
| 10 | 16.14 | 15.89 | 10 | 10.89 | 10.73 | |
| 11 | 2.36 | 2.30 | 11 | 8.34 | 8.20 |
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