确保设计研究有用的核心之一:设计参数与研究调参路径
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王志芳/女/博士/北京大学建筑与景观设计学院副院长、长聘副教授、博士生导师/研究方向为循证可持续设计、景观福祉、景观绩效评价 |
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白竹惠/女/北京大学城市与环境学院在读博士研究生/研究方向为循证生态规划设计、景观绩效评价 |
收稿日期: 2024-01-05
修回日期: 2023-11-30
网络出版日期: 2025-12-17
版权
One of the Core Leverages to Ensure the Applicability of Design Research: Design Parameters and Paths for Adjusting Design Parameters Through Research
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WANG Zhifang, Ph.D., is deputy dean of and a tenured associate professor and doctoral supervisor in the College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Peking University. Her research focuses on evidence-based sustainable design, landscape well-being, and landscape performance evaluation |
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BAI Zhuhui is a Ph.D. candidate in the College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University. Her research focuses on evidence-based ecological planning design, and landscape performance evaluation |
Received date: 2024-01-05
Revised date: 2023-11-30
Online published: 2025-12-17
Copyright
通过揭示景观设计实践与科研的错位,强调设计参数的重要性并提出“通过研究调整设计参数”(简称研究调参)策略及可行路径,从而确保研究对设计实践有用,以应对日趋复杂和综合的景观设计需求。
首先,明晰设计参数的定义和分类;其次,针对设计参数的系统化研究思维,阐释研究调参的基本逻辑及具体路径。
研究调参是设计研究的核心抓手之一,其关键在于将设计参数转化为研究假设和自变量,设计参数可分为理念模式和物质环境两类。提出4种研究调参的路径:针对现在的“理念模式对比”和“物质环境差异”,以及针对未来的“理念模式情景”和“物质环境调参”。通过延展研究内容和实践重点,将研究调参的可行路径拓展至8种,进而促使设计研究区别于其他专业的研究,确保设计研究的实用性,更好地推动寻解研究以及循证设计。
王志芳 , 白竹惠 . 确保设计研究有用的核心之一:设计参数与研究调参路径[J]. 风景园林, 2024 , 31(8) : 22 -27 . DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.202401050014
By elucidating the gaps between landscape design practice and research, this research underscores the significance of design parameters and propose methodologies and viable paths for “adjusting design parameters through research” (ADR). The ultimate goal is to ensure the applicability of research in design practice to cope with the increasingly complex and comprehensive landscape design needs.
The definition and classification of design parameters are elucidated first. The basic logic and specific paths for ADR are introduced in the light of the systematic research thinking of design parameters.
ADR is one of the core leverages of design research, of which the key lies in the transformation of design parameters into research hypotheses and independent variables. The design parameters can be classified into two categories: Conceptual models and physical environments. There are primarily four paths for ADR: “comparison of conceptual models” and “differences between physical environments” for the present, and “scenarios of conceptual models” and “parameter adjustment for physical environments” for the future. By expanding the content of research and the focus of practice, the number of possible paths for ADR can be expanded to eight, thus differentiating design research from research in other disciplines, ensuring the practicality of design research, and better promoting solution-seeking research as well as evidence-based design.
表1 4种研究调参路径的重点和优劣Table 1 Focuses and pros and cons of the four paths for ADR |
| 时间维度 | 设计参数研究 | 重点 | 优点 | 缺点 |
| 针对现状 | 理念模式对比 | 直接对比设计理念、方法等 | 针对设计、规划和管理理念,能够直接指导实践 | 需要控制其他影响因素 |
| 物质环境差异 | 对现状场地开展规律探究和差异探究 | 对方案结果形成评价,反馈设计效果 | 针对当下,对未来方案指导有限 | |
| 针对未来 | 理念模式情景 | 研究并畅想未来情景 | 面向方案改变,具有潜在创新性 | 并不能保障落地性,需要设计实践检验 |
| 物质环境调参 | 对现状不存在的物质环境组合方式进行设计情景设定 | 直接针对未来方案,探究调整设计参数后的未来效果 |
文中图表均由作者绘制。
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