北京“小西山-三山五园”精华片区绿色空间更新提质策略
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张新宇/男/北京市园林古建设计研究院有限公司书记、董事长、教授级高级工程师/北京市园林绿化集团有限公司副总经理/研究方向为风景园林规划与设计、设计管理 |
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张英杰/女/博士/北京市园林古建设计研究院有限公司技术质量部副部长、教授级高级工程师/研究方向为中国传统园林文化研究与实践、清代皇家园林史 |
Copy editor: 刘颖 王一兰
收稿日期: 2025-06-04
修回日期: 2025-07-23
网络出版日期: 2025-12-10
版权
Strategies for Renewal and Quality Improvement of Green Spaces in the Essence Area of “Xiaoxishan − Three Hills and Five Gardens” in Beijing
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ZHANG Xinyu, is secretary, principal, and professorate senior engineer of Beijing Institute of Landscape and Traditional Architectural Design and Research Co., Ltd., deputy general manager of Beijing Landscape and Forestry Group Co., Ltd. His research focuses on landscape planning and design, and design management |
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ZHANG Yingjie, Ph.D., is deputy director and professorate senior engineer of the Technical Quality Department of Beijing Institute of Landscape and Traditional Architectural Design and Research Co., Ltd. Her research focuses on research and practice of Chinese traditional landscape culture, and history of royal gardens in Qing Dynasty |
Received date: 2025-06-04
Revised date: 2025-07-23
Online published: 2025-12-10
Copyright
【目的】 “小西山-三山五园”地区是北京划定的15个花园城市精华片区之一,当前已进入存量优化的新时期。探索该地区绿色空间的更新提质策略,可为精华片区建设提供路径和方法。【方法】 在解读花园城市建设要求的基础上,梳理当前与游憩功能紧密结合的3类绿色空间(园外园片区、历史名园、绿道)现存的主要问题,并提出相应的更新提质策略。【结果】 提出“片区统筹、节点精塑、线性联通”的空间协同策略:1)整合优化园外园片区,强化整体景观格局;2)推动历史名园的绿色更新,凸显文化价值;3)完善绿道系统建设,提升空间连续性与活力。【结论】 “小西山-三山五园”精华片区的绿色空间建设发展需打破传统“园”的概念,通过构建“面-点-线”3个空间层次的策略体系,为提升精华片区的景观品质与文化价值,实现区域历史文化保护与现代城市发展的协同共生,提供理论支撑与实践参考。
张新宇 , 张英杰 . 北京“小西山-三山五园”精华片区绿色空间更新提质策略[J]. 风景园林, 2025 , 32(9) : 57 -64 . DOI: 10.3724/j.fjyl.LA20250337
[Objective] At this stage, Beijing’s urban development has entered an era of stock renewal, and urban landscaping has also shifted from “incremental expansion” to “stock quality improvement”. In this context, the concept of the capital as a “Garden City” has emerged. It is a new idea and strategy for the high-quality development of the capital, pointing out the direction for Beijing to build itself into a “world-class, harmonious and livable capital”. To better achieve the goal of “building the capital into a large garden”, Beijing has, based on its green resource endowments, designated 15 essence areas for Garden City building. The “Xiaoxishan – Three Hills and Five Gardens” area is one of the 15 essence areas designated in Beijing. With the continuous deepening of the “government affairs guarantee function” in recent years, the “Three Hills and Five Gardens” area has entered a new stage of stock optimization. At present, a new round of environmental improvement and upgrading actions is being promoted in this region. How to align with the current requirements for Garden City building and explore pathways for the renewal and quality enhancement of green spaces in the essence areas is of great significance for protecting and inheriting historical and cultural context, optimizing ecosystem service functions, improving the overall environmental quality, and enhancing the attractiveness and vitality of the essence areas.
[Methods] This research interprets the content of Garden City building and analyzes the natural and humanistic advantages that make the “Xiaoxishan – Three Hills and Five Gardens” area designated as an essence area. On this basis, this research focuses on three types of green spaces in the essence areas that are closely integrated with recreational functions, namely Yuanwaiyuan, historical gardens, and greenways, and takes them as the research object. Corresponding strategies for renewal and quality improvement are proposed in a problem-oriented manner from three aspects: overall planning of the area, meticulous shaping of nodes, and linear connectivity.
[Results] By implementing the spatial coordination strategies of “overall area planning, meticulous node shaping, and linear connection”, the research aims to enhance the quality and efficiency of regional green spaces in essence areas. The objective of overall area planning is to achieve the integration and optimization of the Yuanwaiyuan area. It primarily adopts the following four strategies. 1) Shape landscape characters in different areas according to their respective landscape characteristics. 2) Dig deep into historical and cultural information in light of the current site conditions by methods of reproducing historical features and marking historical memories to realize the expression and presentation of historical cultural information. 3) Proceeding from ecological service functions and the actual usage needs of visitors, implement the “quantity reduction and quality improvement” strategy within green spaces. 4) Improve the recreational functions to enrich visitors’ experience. Meticulous node shaping, aiming at the green rebirth of historic famous gardens, mainly adopts the following three strategies. 1) Take the surrounding environment of historic gardens as an integral part of the green base of the “Three Hills and Five Gardens”, and ensure that such surrounding environment is consistent with the overall landscape of the “Three Hills and Five Gardens” in terms of spatial pattern and landscape style. 2) Enhance the quality of the historic gardens themselves. 3) Promote the activation and utilization of historic gardens to realize the transformation from a single “garden scene” to multiple “scenes”. The goal of linear connection is to energize greenway networks, and it primarily adopts the following three strategies. 1) Upgrade and enhance existing greenways. 2) Establish a greenway network system. 3) Create distinctive brand travel routes.
[Conclusion] The development of green space in the “Xiaoxishan – Three Hills and Five Gardens” essence area needs to break the traditional concept of “garden” and regard different types of green spaces as organic components of the green base. By establishing a three-level spatial strategy system of “surface-point-line”, we can promote the transformation of project practice from the mindset of “protection and development of a single garden” to “integration and optimization of regional green spaces”, thus enhancing regional landscape quality and cultural value to foster the synergistic coexistence of historic preservation and contemporary urban development.
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