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王霜(2000-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事国土空间生态保护修复研究. E-mail: 18235769691@163.com |
收稿日期: 2024-12-31
修回日期: 2025-02-18
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41907408)
山西省基础研究计划项目(202303021211138)
Water use efficiency of pioneer tree species in reclamation ecosystem of open-pit coal mine in loess hilly region
Received date: 2024-12-31
Revised date: 2025-02-18
Online published: 2026-03-11
王霜 , 原野 , 袁媛 , 李倩 , 赵嘉瑜 , 杨蓉欣 , 杨雨青 . 黄土丘陵区露天煤矿复垦生态系统先锋树种水分利用效率[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025 , 48(7) : 1176 -1184 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.801
Plant water-use efficiency (WUE), which measures the balance between carbon assimilation and water transpiration, serves as a vital indicator of how plants adapt to environmental constraints. This study investigated the dynamics of leaf WUE in pioneer tree species within a reclaimed ecosystem at the Pingshuo open-pit coal mine of Shanxi Province, a representative site in the loess hilly region of China. We focused on three dominant pioneer species: Pinus tabuliformis, Ulmus pumila, and Robinia pseudoacacia, across a chronosequence of reclamation ages (5, 15, 20, and 28 years). The study involved determining leaf carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations, C/N ratios, and long-term WUE as inferred from stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C). We also analyzed the relationship between leaf C/N stoichiometry and WUE. The results revealed the following. (1) Leaf C and N concentrations in R. pseudoacacia and U. pumila generally increased with reclamation age, whereas P. tabuliformis peaked in C and N levels at 15 and 20 years, respectively. P. tabuliformis had a significantly higher leaf C concentration and C/N ratio compared to U. pumila (P<0.05) but a lower N concentration compared to the other two tree species (P<0.05). R. pseudoacacia maintained the highest leaf N concentration among the species (P<0.05). (2) Intra-specific WUE varied significantly (P<0.05) with reclamation age: P. tabuliformis had the highest WUE at five years and the lowest at 28 years; U. pumila peaked at 28 years and was at its minimum at five years; R. pseudoacacia reached its maximum WUE at 15 years and minimum at five years. Inter-specifically, P. tabuliformis consistently exhibited higher WUE than both U. pumila and R. pseudoacacia. (3) Across all three species, leaf WUE showed significant positive correlations with leaf C concentration and C/N ratio, whereas its correlation with leaf N concentration was insignificant. These findings elucidate the species-specific WUE characteristics and adaptive physiological adjustments of pioneer trees during vegetation succession in the Pingshuo reclaimed mine area, offering a theoretical foundation for vegetation restoration efforts in open-pit coal mines within the loess hilly region.
表1 平朔矿区树种叶片δ13C及水分利用效率(WUE)Tab. 1 δ13C and WUE of leaves in tree species in Pingshuo mining area |
| 林型 | 复垦年限 | δ13C/‰ | WUE/μmol∙mol-1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 油松 | 5 a | -25.99±0.42a | 107.78±4.5a |
| 15 a | -26.76±1.09ab | 99.55±11.73ab | |
| 20 a | -27.03±0.10ab | 96.64±1.04ab | |
| 28 a | -27.79±0.85b | 88.49±9.07b | |
| 均值 | -26.89±0.90A | 98.12±9.67A | |
| 榆树 | 5 a | -29.52±1.33b | 69.96±14.32b |
| 15 a | -29.09±1.24ab | 74.59±13.36ab | |
| 20 a | -27.74±0.63ab | 89.01±6.78ab | |
| 28 a | -26.89±1.05a | 98.16±11.24a | |
| 均值 | -28.31±1.4B | 82.93±15.23B | |
| 刺槐 | 5 a | -28.72±0.13a | 71.94±1.88b |
| 15 a | -28.56±0.48a | 80.26±5.14a | |
| 20 a | -28.87±0.33ab | 78.55±1.34a | |
| 28 a | -29.33±0.23b | 76.90±3.6ab | |
| 均值 | -28.87±0.31B | 76.91±2.01C |
注:同列不同小写字母表示相同树种不同复垦年限在5%水平下差异显著;同列不同大写字母表示相同复垦年限不同树种在5%水平下差异显著。 |
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