|
李志杰(1995-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事冰川变化与冰川灾害研究. E-mail: lizhijie820@tynu.edu.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-08-10
修回日期: 2024-09-30
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
国家自然科学基金重点项目(42130516)
Assessment of glacier disaster exposure in the areas along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway
Received date: 2024-08-10
Revised date: 2024-09-30
Online published: 2026-03-11
李志杰 , 王宁练 , 张玉杰 , 李继彦 . 中塔帕米尔公路沿线地区冰川灾害暴露度评估[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025 , 48(7) : 1167 -1175 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.479
Using remote sensing and GIS methods, this study reconstructs the spatiotemporal patterns of glacier changes and hazards along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway from 2000 to 2021. We conducted a glacier hazard exposure assessment using both the range transformation and entropy weight methods. The results reveal the following. (1) Since 2000, the glacier area shrinkage rate along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway has been 0.20%·a-1±0.06%·a-1, with a mass balance of -0.25±0.04 m w.e.·a-1. In addition, the glacial lake area has expanded at a rate of 0.45%·a-1 since 1992, all of which are several times greater than the overall levels observed in the entire Pamirs. (2) The increasing instability of glaciers has directly contributed to a widespread risk of glacier disasters along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway, with medium and high-risk areas primarily concentrated in the western section of the highway. (3) The spatial pattern of glacier disaster exposure along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway is largely influenced by factors such as the distribution density of disaster-causing elements and disaster-bearing bodies, the complexity of the terrain and geological environment, as well as spatial variations in climate change. This study elucidates the overarching pattern of glacier hazard exposure in the areas along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway, offering valuable insights for research on hazard vulnerability, impact, and prediction.
表1 Landsat遥感影像Tab. 1 Landsat remote sensing images |
| 影像编号 | 获取日期 (年-月-日) | 空间分 辨率/m | 用途 |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT51490341998225XXX01 | 1998-08-13 | 30 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LE71500342000246SGS01 | 2000-09-02 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LE71510342000237SGS00 | 2000-08-24 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LE71510342002242SGS00 | 2002-08-30 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LE81510342006253PFS01 | 2006-09-10 | 15 | 跃动冰川识别 |
| LC81510342018246LGN00 | 2018-09-03 | 15 | 跃动冰川识别 |
| LC81500332020229LGN00 | 2020-08-16 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LC81490342021272LGN00 | 2021-09-29 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LC81500342020229LGN00 | 2020-08-16 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LC81510342021270LGN00 | 2021-09-27 | 15 | 冰川编目制备 |
| LC81510342023260LGN00 | 2023-09-17 | 15 | 跃动冰川识别 |
表2 中塔公路沿线地区冰川灾害自然暴露度评估指标体系Tab. 2 Evaluation index system for natural exposure of glacier disasters in the areas along the China-Tajikistan Pamir highway |
| 指标 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 冰川面积占比/% | 冰川分布范围越大,灾害风险越高 |
| 冰川面积变化/%·a-1 | 冰川退缩越显著,灾害风险越髙 |
| 冰川物质平衡/m w.e.·a-1 | 物质亏损越严重,灾害风险越高 |
| 冰湖面积占比/% | 冰湖分布范围越大,灾害风险越高 |
| 面积超过0.1 km2的冰湖数量/个 | 大型冰湖数量越多,溃决风险越高 |
| 冰川表面坡度/(°) | 坡度越大,冰雪崩、滑坡等灾害风险越高 |
| 泥石流沟谷坡度/(°) | 坡度越大,灾害风险越高 |
| 10 km缓冲区内5级以上地震次数/次 | 数量越多,次生地质灾害风险越高 |
| [1] |
秦大河. 冰冻圈科学辞典[M]. 北京: 气象出版社, 2014.
[
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
王宁练, 姚檀栋, 徐柏青, 等. 全球变暖背景下青藏高原及周边地区冰川变化的时空格局与趋势及影响[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019, 34(11): 1220-1232.
[
|
| [4] |
杨雪雯, 王宁练, 梁倩, 等. 近60 a天山北坡冰川变化研究[J]. 干旱区地理, 2023, 46(7): 1073-1083.
[
|
| [5] |
邬光剑, 姚檀栋, 王伟财, 等. 青藏高原及周边地区的冰川灾害[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2019, 34(11): 1285-1292.
[
|
| [6] |
许娇, 陈坤铭, 杨书菲, 等. “一带一路”交通基础设施建设的国际经贸效应[J]. 亚太经济, 2016, 3: 3-11.
[
|
| [7] |
陈亚宁, 李稚, 方功焕. 中亚天山地区关键水文要素变化与水循环研究进展[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(1): 1-8.
[
|
| [8] |
吴立新, 李佳, 苗则朗, 等. 冰川流域孕灾环境及灾害的天空地协同智能监测模式与方向[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(8): 1109-1121.
[
|
| [9] |
|
| [10] |
朱颖彦, 李超月, 杨志全, 等. 中巴喀喇昆仑公路冰湖溃决灾害[J]. 山地学报, 2021, 39(4): 524-538.
[
|
| [11] |
朱颖彦, 潘军宇, 李朝月, 等. 中巴喀喇昆仑公路冰川泥石流[J]. 山地学报, 2022, 40(1): 71-83.
[
|
| [12] |
朱颖彦, 杨志全, 廖丽萍, 等. 中巴喀喇昆仑公路冰川地貌地质灾害[J]. 灾害学, 2014, 29(3): 81-90.
[
|
| [13] |
钟妍, 刘巧, 廖海军, 等. 中喜马拉雅山中-尼通道沿线冰川/冰湖变化及其相关灾害初步调查[J]. 山地学报, 2020, 38(2): 314-327.
[
|
| [14] |
余国安, 鲁建莹, 李志威, 等. 气候变化影响下藏东南帕隆藏布流域高山区泥石流的地貌效应[J]. 地理学报, 2022, 77(3): 619-634.
[
|
| [15] |
李志杰, 王宁练, 常佳雯. 巴托拉等冰川的新近变化及对中巴公路的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(6): 1986-1995.
[
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
江利明, 柳林, 汪汉胜. 基于ZY-3和SRTM DEM数据的青藏高原山地冰川物质平衡数据产品(2000—2018)[DB/OL]. [2023-11-02]. https://www.doi.org/10.11878/db.202311.011644.
[
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
温婷婷, 郭英香, 董少睿, 等. 1979—2017 年CRU、ERA5、CMFD 格点降水数据在青藏高原适用性评估[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 684-697.
[
|
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
王小丽, 周凌翔, 王秀东, 等. 1990—2020年波曲流域冰川冰湖时空变化及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(5): 810-819.
[
|
| [22] |
李志杰. 全球变暖背景下帕米尔-喀喇昆仑-西昆仑地区冰川异常变化特征研究[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2023.
[
|
| [23] |
蔡兴冉, 李忠勤, 张慧, 等. 中国天山冰川变化脆弱性研究[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(9): 2253-2268.
[
|
| [24] |
秦大河. 冰冻圈科学概论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017.
[
|
| [25] |
戴玉萍, 王璞玉, 张正勇, 等. 中国阿尔泰山冰川变化脆弱性及适应能力影响因素分析[J]. 冰川冻土, 2024, 46(1): 1-14.
[
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
董翰林, 王文婷, 谢云, 等. 新疆气候干湿变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(12): 1875-1884.
[
|
| [30] |
刘巧, 聂勇, 王欣, 等. 中巴经济走廊沿线上游冰川冰湖相关灾害(事件)数据集[J]. 中国科学数据, 2021, 6(1): 00145, doi: 10.11922/csdata.2020.0099.zh.
[
|
| [31] |
陈满, 陈亚宁, 方功焕, 等. 昆仑山北坡冰川湖变化及其溃决风险评估[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(10): 1628-1639.
[
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |