黑河下游胡杨林土壤碳空间分异特征及其影响因素
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殷一丹(2000-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区碳循环方面的研究. E-mail: yinyidan@nieer.ac.cn |
收稿日期: 2024-02-28
修回日期: 2024-05-21
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMTM2022-2)
内蒙古自治区关键技术攻关项目(2020GG0306)
Spatial differentiation and its influencing factors of soil carbon in Populus euphratica Oliv. forest in the lower reach of Heihe River
Received date: 2024-02-28
Revised date: 2024-05-21
Online published: 2026-03-11
殷一丹 , 鱼腾飞 , 韩拓 , 谭天逸 , 陈小玲 . 黑河下游胡杨林土壤碳空间分异特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025 , 48(1) : 94 -104 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.125
The distribution of soil carbon in desert riparian forests is shaped by multiple factors. This study examines the Ejina Oasis in the lower reaches of the Heihe River, China. Soil samples from 20 Populus euphratica Oliv. plots at depths of 0-100 cm were analyzed to investigate the spatial variation of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and their influencing factors. The results reveal: (1) The mean SOC and SIC contents in the 0-100 cm soil layer were 2.90 g·kg-1 and 10.79 g·kg-1, respectively, with SIC being 3.72 times of SOC. (2) Vertically, both SOC and SIC contents exhibited a declining trend with increasing soil depth, while horizontally, SOC and SIC from the upper to lower sections of East River of the Heihe River show a decreasing trend, but the total amount of SIC is still greater than SOC. This suggests that inorganic carbon predominates in the lower reaches of inland rivers in arid regions. (3) Soil physical and chemical properties showed a stronger explanatory power for SOC, whereas their influence on SIC was comparatively lower. Specifically, soil chemical properties such as electrical conductivity (EC), sodium ion (Na+), sulfate (SO42-), chloride ion (Cl-), calcium ion (Ca2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), and potassium ion (K+) had the most significant influence on SOC. In conclusion, the soil carbon pool in desert riparian forests in the lower reaches of inland river basins in arid areas is predominantly composed of SIC, with notable spatial variations in both horizontal and vertical directions. Basic cations are identified as the primary factor influencing SOC spatial differentiation, while soil sand content and bulk density are the key factors affecting SIC spatial differentiation.
表1 0~100 cm土层土壤碳含量的垂直变化Tab. 1 Vertical variations of soil carbon content in soil layers from 0 to 100 cm |
| 深度/cm | SOC/g·kg-1 | SIC/g·kg-1 | SIC:SOC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0~10 | 6.22±1.18a | 12.87±1.71a | 3.87±0.65a |
| 10~20 | 3.38±0.55b | 11.69±0.76a | 5.01±0.63ab |
| 20~40 | 2.28±0.29b | 10.89±0.75a | 5.80±0.52ac |
| 40~60 | 2.13±0.29b | 10.98±0.82a | 6.29±0.53ac |
| 60~80 | 1.93±0.45b | 9.11±1.05a | 6.77±0.65bc |
| 80~100 | 1.46±0.27b | 9.18±0.99a | 7.89±0.99c |
注:SOC为土壤有机碳;SIC为土壤无机碳;SIC:SOC为土壤无机碳与土壤有机碳的比值;表中数值为均值±标准误;不同小写字母表示不同土层间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 |
表2 不同区域0~100 cm土层土壤碳含量的空间变化Tab. 2 Spatial variations of soil carbon content in soil layers from 0 to 100 cm in different regions |
| 区域 | SOC/g·kg-1 | SIC/g·kg-1 | SIC:SOC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 西河干流河岸带 | 18.21±3.19a | 54.98±8.14a | 4.88±0.72a |
| 东河中上游河岸带 | 20.34±7.89a | 69.45±12.48a | 6.19±1.31a |
| 东河下游河岸带 | 17.39±2.46a | 70.61±3.87a | 6.17±0.55a |
| 东河下游绿洲核心区 | 13.66±2.74a | 63.87±5.09a | 6.52±0.35a |
注:不同小写字母表示不同区域间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 |
表3 0~100 cm土层土壤环境因子的垂直变化Tab. 3 Vertical changes of soil environmental factors in soil layers from 0 to 100 cm |
| 深度 /cm | SWC /% | EC /μS·cm-1 | BD /g·cm-3 | Clay /% | Silt /% | Sand /% | pH | Na+ /mg·kg-1 | K+ /mg·kg-1 | Mg2+ /mg·kg-1 | Ca2+ /mg·kg-1 | Cl- /mg·kg-1 | SO42- /mg·kg-1 | NO3- /mg·kg-1 | NH4+ /mg·kg-1 | F- /mg·kg-1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0~10 | 2.67a | 6565.01a | 1.20a | 0.94a | 16.39a | 82.34a | 8.26a | 12661.18a | 2054.27a | 2437.60a | 2557.03a | 15192.84a | 36185.14a | 68.89a | 26.24a | 3.26a |
| 10~20 | 4.05a | 1673.37b | 1.33a | 1.24a | 21.31a | 77.41a | 8.26a | 2201.89b | 440.93a | 512.98ab | 716.86b | 2369.10ab | 3790.51b | 308.73a | 2.69b | 2.01a |
| 20~40 | 4.81a | 864.35b | 1.34ab | 0.93a | 19.37a | 79.70a | 8.32a | 862.98b | 219.97a | 234.56b | 448.77b | 735.14b | 1682.19b | 126.49a | 1.91b | 2.27a |
| 40~60 | 6.08a | 668.27b | 1.35ab | 1.28a | 23.51a | 75.21a | 8.29a | 597.67b | 166.50a | 165.39b | 270.33b | 522.72b | 870.95b | 75.26a | 1.44b | 1.86a |
| 60~80 | 4.24a | 511.39b | 1.43ab | 1.12a | 17.20a | 81.68a | 8.25a | 461.83b | 128.85a | 158.42b | 208.77b | 373.32b | 691.78b | 40.03a | 1.65b | 2.28a |
| 80~100 | 4.41a | 549.81b | 1.40b | 0.65a | 12.18a | 87.09a | 8.26a | 476.96b | 94.68a | 174.27b | 234.79b | 411.50b | 725.31b | 33.74a | 1.41b | 2.31a |
注:SWC为土壤含水量;EC为土壤电导率;BD为土壤容重;Clay为土壤黏粒;Silt为土壤粉粒;Sand为土壤砂粒。下同。 |
表4 不同区域0~100 cm土层土壤环境因子的水平变化Tab. 4 Horizontal changes of soil environmental factors in soil layers from 0 to 100 cm in different regions |
| 区域 | SWC /% | EC /μS·cm-1 | BD /g·cm-3 | Clay /% | Silt /% | Sand /% | pH | Na+ /mg·kg-1 | K+ /mg·kg-1 | Mg2+ /mg·kg-1 | Ca2+ /mg·kg-1 | Cl- /mg·kg-1 | SO42- /mg·kg-1 | NO3- /mg·kg-1 | NH4+ /mg·kg-1 | F- /mg·kg-1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西河干流 河岸带 | 3.41a | 1643.04 a | 1.47a | 0.99a | 17.81a | 81.17a | 8.30a | 12837.45a | 1392.28a | 3782.32a | 4970.43a | 9943.69a | 28759.40a | 175.53a | 25.49a | 19.01a |
| 东河中上 游河岸带 | 5.30a | 3059.05 a | 1.45a | 1.30a | 21.88a | 76.64a | 8.25a | 34032.60a | 2746.63a | 7250.30a | 3711.86a | 28250.52a | 56831.60a | 1523.25a | 9.09a | 15.54a |
| 东河下游 河岸带 | 4.40a | 2063.75 a | 1.12b | 0.84a | 19.14a | 79.94a | 8.25a | 20224.23a | 7124.88a | 2839.65a | 7440.17a | 38355.39a | 86618.00a | 404.57a | 42.15a | 7.41a |
| 东河下 游绿洲 核心区 | 4.40a | 455.63 a | 1.33ab | 0.98a | 14.48a | 84.54a | 8.29a | 1955.77a | 1157.02a | 860.60a | 1623.78a | 1868.88a | 3574.50a | 509.24a | 5.49a | 5.12a |
图3 SOC、SIC与环境因子之间的相关关系注:SWC为土壤含水量;EC为土壤电导率;BD为土壤容重;Clay为土壤黏粒;Silt为土壤粉粒;Sand为土壤砂粒;NDVI为归一化植被指数;MSAVI为土壤调整植被指数;q值为SOC、SIC与环境因子之间的相关程度;*、**分别表示在P<0.1、P<0.05水平上显著。下同。 Fig. 3 Correlation between SOC, SIC and environmental factors |
表5 环境因子组合对SOC、SIC的解释程度Tab. 5 Interpretation degree of SOC and SIC by combination of environmental factors |
| 环境因子组合 | SOC | SIC |
|---|---|---|
| 土壤综合性质 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| 土壤物理性质 | 0.04 | 0.10 |
| 土壤化学性质 | 0.37 | 0.03 |
| 土壤综合性质×土壤物理性质 | 0.06 | 0.11 |
| 土壤综合性质×土壤化学性质 | -0.01 | 0.01 |
| 土壤物理性质×土壤化学性质 | 0.07 | -0.02 |
| 土壤综合性质×土壤物理性质×土壤化学性质 | 0.02 | -0.01 |
| 残差项 | 0.28 | 0.68 |
注:残差项为不能解释的部分。 |
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