1981—2020年陕西省暖季不同历时强降水时空变化特征
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蔡新玲(1969-),女,硕士研究生,正研级高工,主要从事气象灾害影响评估工作. E-mail: caixinling@126.com |
收稿日期: 2024-02-29
修回日期: 2024-05-11
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
秦岭和黄土高原生态环境气象重点实验室项目(2023K-4)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024SF-YBXM-559)
Spatial and temporal variations of heavy precipitation with different durations during warm season in Shaanxi Province from 1981 to 2020
Received date: 2024-02-29
Revised date: 2024-05-11
Online published: 2026-03-11
蔡新玲 , 蔡依晅 , 叶殿秀 , 李茜 , 户元涛 , 胡琳 . 1981—2020年陕西省暖季不同历时强降水时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区地理, 2025 , 48(1) : 1 -10 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.131
This study analyzes the spatiotemporal changes in four durations of heavy precipitation (1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h) for warm season (May-September) in Shaanxi Province, China during 1981—2020 based on 95 national meteorological observation stations and different statistical methods. The results show that: (1) The short duration heavy precipitation in Shaanxi mainly occurs during July-August. The regions with high frequency of heavy precipitation in four durations are located in the Qinling-Daba Mountains of southern Shaanxi, and with low frequency of that occur in the central Guanzhong Plain and the region along the Great Wall of northern Shaanxi. (2) The spatial differences of precipitation extremes in each duration are large, and the shorter duration with the stronger local distribution of the extreme precipitation. (3) In the past 40 years, the intensity and frequency of the each duration of heavy precipitation are increasing and enchancing, especially for the 3 h duration. (4) The spatial trends in each duration of heavy precipitation is non-uniformity with increased trends along the Yellow River in northern Shaanxi and south-central Shaanxi and decreased that in the south of northern Shaanxi and the central of Guanzhong Plain, and mostly, the shorter duration, the larger extent of increased trends. (5) The diurnal variation of heavy precipitation represent geographical differences in southern and northern Shaanxi. The shorter durations often accompany more obvious diurnal variation, especially for the northern Shaanxi, and the heavy precipitation usually occurs in the evening or at night, which would cause more serious disasters.
图7 1981—2020年不同历时强降水频次的逐年变化Fig. 7 Annual variations of heavy rainfall frequency with different durations from 1981 to 2020 |
表1 1981—2020年各月不同历时强降水出现频次的线性变化趋势系数Tab. 1 Linear trend coefficient of heavy precipitation frequency with different durations from 1981 to 2020 |
| 历时/h | 5—9月 | 5月 | 6月 | 7月 | 8月 | 9月 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0.936* | -0.136 | 0.225 | 0.626** | 0.254 | -0.049 |
| 3 | 1.020* | -0.129 | 0.239 | 0.651** | 0.253 | 0.009 |
| 6 | 0.489* | -0.017 | 0.089 | 0.288* | 0.123 | 0.010 |
| 12 | 0.406 | -0.062 | 0.183 | 0.236 | -0.016 | 0.072 |
注:*、**分别表示通过0.05、0.01显著性水平检验。 |
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