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陈丽花(1999-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事冰川冰湖演变与气候变化. E-mail: chen_lh@126.com |
收稿日期: 2024-02-15
修回日期: 2024-06-03
网络出版日期: 2026-03-11
基金资助
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0100)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20232BAB203060)
国家自然科学基金项目(42101135)
国家自然科学基金项目(42461022)
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ2201708)
江西师范大学研究生国内外访学研究项目
甘肃省科技计划项目(22JR5RA091)
Responses of glacier and lake to local climate change in the Jingyu Lake Basin, east Kunlun Mountains
Received date: 2024-02-15
Revised date: 2024-06-03
Online published: 2026-03-11
以东昆仑鲸鱼湖流域为研究区,通过解译Landsat系列影像获取1990—2023年流域内冰川和湖泊范围,同时利用内陆水域水文时间序列数据库水位数据集和全球冰川物质平衡数据集,分析鲸鱼湖流域冰川面积、储量和物质平衡及鲸鱼湖面积、水位和储量变化特征。此外,结合ERA5再分析资料,探讨流域内冰川和湖泊的变化,及其对气候变化的响应过程。结果表明:(1)1990—2023年,鲸鱼湖呈现显著扩张趋势,从266.00 km2扩张至399.30 km2,面积扩张了133.30 km2,扩张速率为4.66 km2·a-1;2013—2023年湖泊水位上升5.19 m,水位上升速率为0.55 m·a-1;湖泊水量增加1.31 km3,年增量为0.16 km3。(2)1990—2023年流域内冰川呈现显著退缩趋势,冰川面积减小4.59 km2,变化速率为-0.12 km2·a-1,冰川储量减少0.38 km3,变化速率为-0.01 km3·a-1;2000—2020年冰川多年平均物质平衡为-1.22×10-4 m w.e.。(3)1990—2021年流域内年平均气温显著升高,年升温率为0.02 ℃·a-1,但是夏季升温不显著。年降水量显著增多,速率为2.11 mm·a-1,降水集中在夏季,夏季降水量占年降水量的78.9%。(4)流域内降水是导致湖泊扩张的主要因素。研究揭示了鲸鱼湖流域冰川、湖泊对气候变化的响应,可为当地政府优化水资源配置和管理提供参考。
陈丽花 , 车彦军 , 曹昀 , 张明军 , 谷来磊 , 吴佳康 , 吕卫卫 . 东昆仑鲸鱼湖流域冰川、湖泊对气候变化的响应[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024 , 47(10) : 1640 -1650 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.092
Glaciers and lakes are highly sensitive to climate change. This study examines the boundaries of glaciers and lakes in the Jingyu Lake Basin, east Kunlun Mountains from 1990 to 2023 using Landsat series imagery. In addition, the DAHITI water level dataset and the global glacier mass balance dataset were utilized to analyze changes in glacier area, volume, and mass balance, as well as the area, water level, and volume of the Jingyu Lake Basin. ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data were employed to assess the response of glaciers and lakes in the basin to climate change. The results indicate a significant expansion trend in the Jingyu Lake. From 1990 to 2023, Jingyu Lake expanded by 133.30 km2 at a rate of 4.66 km2·a-1. Between 2013 and 2023, the lake’s water level rose by 5.19 m, with an annual increase rate of 0.55 m·a-1, and its volume increased by 1.31 km3, averaging an annual increment of 0.16 km3. During the same period, the glacier area decreased by 4.59 km2 at a rate of -0.12 km2·a-1, and the glacier volume declined by 0.38 km3 at a rate of -0.01 km3·a-1. The average annual glacier mass balance from 2000 to 2020 was -1.22×10-4 m w.e. The average annual temperature in the Jingyu Lake Basin increased significantly from 1990 to 2021, with an annual warming rate of 0.02 ℃·a-1. In contrast, summer precipitation showed no significant warming trend, while the annual precipitation increased notably at a rate of 2.11 mm·a-1, with 78.9% of precipitation occurring in summer. Precipitation is identified as the primary factor contributing to lake expansion in the basin. This study highlights the response of glaciers and lakes in the Jingyu Lake Basin to climate change, providing valuable insights for local governments in optimizing water resource allocation and management.
Key words: Jingyu Lake; glaciers; climate change; east Kunlun Mountains
表1 遥感影像信息Tab. 1 Information of remote sensing imagery |
| 序号 | 数据类型 | 文件名称 | 日期(年-月-日) | 云覆盖/% | 用途 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19900621_20200916_02_T1_20200915_02_T1 | 1990-06-21 | 5.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 2 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19910624_20200915_02_T1 | 1991-06-24 | 7.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 3 | Landsat5 TM | LT51400351992226BJC00 | 1992-08-13 | 2.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 4 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19930715_20200914_02_T1 | 1993-07-15 | 16.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 5 | Landsat5 TM | LT51400351994199ISP00 | 1994-07-18 | 0.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 6 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19950603_20200913_02_T1 | 1995-06-03 | 0.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 7 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19960925_20170102_01_T1 | 1996-09-25 | 1.00 | 湖泊 |
| 8 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19970811_20200910_02_T1 | 1997-08-11 | 1.00 | 湖泊 |
| 9 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_19980814_20200908_02_T1 | 1998-08-14 | 10.00 | 湖泊 |
| 10 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE71400351999237SGS01 | 1999-08-25 | 0.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 11 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE71400352000240SGS00 | 2000-08-27 | 5.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 12 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20000904_20200907_02_T1 | 2000-09-04 | 5.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 13 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20010721_20200906_02_T1 | 2001-07-21 | 1.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 14 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE07_L1TP_140035_20010814_20180228_01_T1 | 2001-08-14 | 27.00 | 冰川 |
| 15 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE71400352002133EDC00 | 2002-05-13 | 4.00 | 湖泊 |
| 16 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE07_L1TP_140035_20030921_20170124_01_T1 | 2003-09-21 | 0.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 17 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20030913_20200904_02_T1 | 2003-09-13 | 29.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 18 | Landsat5 TM | LT51400352004259BJC00 | 2004-09-15 | 1.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 19 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20050902_20200901_02_T1 | 2005-09-02 | 20.00 | 湖泊 |
| 20 | Landsat5 TM | LT51400352006232IKR00 | 2006-08-20 | 17.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 21 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20060905_20200831_02_T1 | 2006-09-05 | 27.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 22 | Landsat5 TM | LT51400352007203IKR00 | 2007-07-22 | 1.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 23 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20080825_20200829_02_T1 | 2008-08-25 | 7.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 24 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20090727_20200827_02_T1 | 2009-07-27 | 29.00 | 湖泊 |
| 25 | Landsat5 TM | LT05_L1TP_140035_20100815_20200823_02_T1 | 2010-08-15 | 20.00 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 26 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE71400352011238PFS00 | 2011-08-26 | 0.00 | 湖泊 |
| 27 | Landsat7 ETM+ | LE71400352012257PFS00 | 2012-09-13 | 0.00 | 湖泊 |
| 28 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352013219LGN00 | 2013-08-07 | 11.85 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 29 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352014206LGN02 | 2014-07-25 | 11.32 | 湖泊 |
| 30 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352015225LGN00 | 2015-08-13 | 4.97 | 湖泊 |
| 31 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352016196LGN01 | 2016-07-14 | 0.17 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 32 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352017214LGN00 | 2017-08-02 | 0.16 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 33 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352018201LGN00 | 2018-07-20 | 2.05 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 34 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC81400352019220LGN00 | 2019-08-08 | 3.46 | 湖泊 |
| 35 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC08_L1TP_140035_20201013_20201105_02_T1 | 2020-10-13 | 0.44 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 36 | Landsat8 OLI/TIRS | LC08_L1TP_140035_20210728_20210804_02_T1 | 2021-07-28 | 0.73 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 37 | Landsat9 OLI/TIRS | LC09_L1TP_140035_20220723_20230406_02_T1 | 2022-07-23 | 0.31 | 冰川/湖泊 |
| 38 | Landsat9 OLI/TIRS | LC09_L1TP_140035_20230811_20230811_02_T1 | 2023-08-11 | 2.37 | 冰川/湖泊 |
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