Based on the data of rural settlements and geographic state elements in the Miaoling Mountains, the spatial distribution pattern of rural settlements in the Miaoling Mountains is quantitatively analysed using the methods of kernel density analysis and the average nearest neighbour index and the gradient pattern. The results showed that: (1) The overall spatial distribution pattern of rural settlements is “dense in the north and sparse in the south, more in the north and less in the south”, with two obvious nucleated high-value clusters centred on Kaili City in the west and Tianzhu County in the northeast respectively. (2) The rural settlements in the study area are generally characterised by the distribution of “hills and slopes facing water”. They are mainly located within the elevation range of 510~1 041 m and the slope range of 16°~25°, and within 1 km from the river. (3) The spatial layout of village settlements is not obvious in terms of road directionality, and the influence of village and county administrative centres on the spatial distribution of village settlements is more obvious. 64.12% of village settlements are located beyond 1km from the road, more than 50% of village settlements are located within about 1km of the village administrative centre, and 72.82% of settlements are within 20 km of the county administrative centre. (4) There is significant variability in the influence of different factors on the spatial distribution of rural settlements in the Miaoling Mountains. The spatial autocorrelations of elevation, slope, slope position and administrative centre are clustered at high values, i.e. topography and administrative centre have a greater influence on the spatial distribution pattern of rural settlements in the Miaoling Mountains.
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