EN中文

中国人口·资源与环境 >

2026 , Vol. 36 >Issue 3: 68 - 78

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12062/cpre.20250903

环境治理与绿色发展

政府绿色认证制度与企业绿色治理激励

  • 李欣泽 ,
  • 姜睿恒 ,
  • 赵秋运
展开
  • 1.山东大学经济研究院,山东 济南 250100;
    2.山东大学深圳研究院,广东 深圳 518000;
    3.南开大学经济学院,天津 300071;
    4.北京大学全球健康发展研究院,北京 100871
李欣泽,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为发展经济学和环境经济学。E-mail：xinzeli@sdu.edu.cn。
赵秋运,博士,研究员,博导,主要研究方向为中国经济发展与转型、新结构经济学。E-mail：qiuyunzhao@nsd.pku.edu.cn。

收稿日期: 2024-10-29

  修回日期: 2025-10-26

  网络出版日期: 2026-06-05

基金资助

国家社会科学基金青年项目“经济高质量发展的区域型产业政策转型研究”（批准号：19CJL037）; 山东省自然科学基金青年项目“空 间资源配置视角下开发区政策推动山东省经济高质量发展研究”（批准号：ZR2022QG001）; 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目“空间资 源配置视角下开发区政策推动经济高质量发展研究：来自粤深区域的证据”（批准号：2023A1515110280）; 山东省高等学校青年创新团队发展 计划“高质量发展导向下开发区政策优化空间资源配置研究”（批准号：2022RW007）; 山东省重点研发计划软科学项目“数据要素赋能新质生 产力的机理与策略研究”（批准号：2025RZB0208）

收起

Government green certification system and corporate green governance incentives

  • LI Xinze ,
  • JIANG Ruiheng ,
  • ZHAO Qiuyun
Expand
  • 1. Center for Economic Research, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250100, China;
    2. Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen Guangdong 518000, China;
    3. School of Economics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    4. Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received date: 2024-10-29

  Revised date: 2025-10-26

  Online published: 2026-06-05

Fold

摘要

构建绿色制造体系是实现“双碳”目标、推动经济高质量发展的关键途径。绿色工厂项目作为一种典型的政府绿色认证制度与绿色制造体系的核心支撑单元,对其开展研究可为有效激励企业深化绿色治理、破解当前资源约束趋紧与环境压力增大等现实问题,提供兼具现实意义和学术价值的理论依据及实践支撑。具体而言,该研究以绿色工厂认证作为准自然实验,结合2009—2023年A股上市公司环境与财务数据,深入探究政府绿色认证制度对企业绿色治理绩效的影响效应与内在机制,并详细回答关于绿色工厂认证项目的争议性问题。研究结果表明：①绿色工厂认证对企业绿色治理绩效有着显著的正向促进作用,这一结论在经过平行趋势检验、安慰剂检验、倾向得分匹配法等一系列内生性处理与稳健性检验后依然成立。②机制分析揭示,技术优化、效率改善和信息披露效应,是绿色工厂认证提升企业绿色治理绩效的核心传导路径。③扩展性分析发现,随着获评次数增加,绿色工厂认证对企业绿色治理绩效的边际提升作用递减;获评后发生环境违规的企业降低了绿色治理绩效;而存在“信用修复”问题的企业,则表现出更高的绿色治理绩效。④异质性分析表明,属于重污染行业、位于东部及环境规制较严格地区的企业中,绿色工厂认证对其绿色治理绩效的促进作用更为明显。基于上述内容该研究提出如下建议：发挥绿色工厂企业的示范引领作用,鼓励更多企业积极申报绿色工厂;加强动态监管,确保企业长期遵守评价标准,持续推动绿色治理;加强绿色技术的创新与产业化应用,以提升企业的绿色治理能力。

关键词： 绿色工厂认证; 绿色治理绩效; 绿色制造体系

本文引用格式

李欣泽 , 姜睿恒 , 赵秋运 . 政府绿色认证制度与企业绿色治理激励[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2026 , 36(3) : 68 -78 . DOI: 10.12062/cpre.20250903

Abstract

Building a green manufacturing system is a key approach to achieving the“dual carbon”goals and promoting high-quality economic development in China. As the green factory project serves as a typical government green certification system and a core sup-porting unit of the green manufacturing system, studying the project can provide a theoretical basis and practical support with both prac-tical significance and academic value. This is essential for effectively motivating enterprises to deepen green governance and solve cur-rent problems such as tightening resource constraints and increasing environmental pressure. Specifically, using green factory certifica-tion as a quasi-natural experiment and combining the environmental and financial data of A-share listed enterprises from 2009 to 2023, this study explored the impact of the government green certification system on corporate green governance and its underlying mecha-nisms, and further addressed controversial issues regarding green factory projects. The results showed that: ① Green factory certifica-tion had a significant positive promoting effect on corporate green governance performance, and this conclusion remained robust after a series of tests such as the parallel trends test, the placebo test, and the propensity score matching method. ② Mechanism analysis re-vealed that technological optimization, efficiency improvement, and information disclosure effects were the core transmission paths through which green factory certification enhanced corporate green governance performance. ③ Extended analysis found that as the number of certifications increased, the marginal improvement effect of green factory certification on corporate green governance perfor-mance decreased; enterprises that committed environmental violations after being certified exhibited lower green governance perfor-mance, whereas enterprises with“credit repair”issues showed higher green governance performance. ④ Heterogeneity analysis indicat-ed that the promoting effect of green factory certification on corporate green governance performance was more pronounced in enterpris-es within heavy pollution industries, in the eastern region, and in areas with stricter environmental regulations. Based on these findings, this study proposes the following suggestions: leverage the exemplary role of green factory enterprises to encourage more enterprises to actively apply for green factory certification; strengthen dynamic supervision to ensure that enterprises continuously abide by evaluation standards and promote green governance; and enhance the innovation and industrial application of green technologies to improve enter-prises' green governance capabilities.

Key words： green factory certification; green governance performance; green manufacturing system

参考文献

[1] OUYANG X L,LI Q,DU K R.How does environmental regulation promote technological innovations in the industrial sector:evidence from Chinese provincial panel data[J]. Energy policy,2020,139: 111310.
[2] 原毅军,谢荣辉. 环境规制的产业结构调整效应研究:基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J]. 中国工业经济,2014(8):57-69.
[3] 李玲,陶锋. 中国制造业最优环境规制强度的选择:基于绿色全要素生产率的视角[J]. 中国工业经济,2012(5):70-82.
[4] WANG Y,SHEN N.Environmental regulation and environmental productivity:the case of China[J]. Renewable and sustainable ener-gy reviews,2016,62:758-766.
[5] ZHAO Z Y,ZHAO Y H,LV X,et al.Environmental regulation and green innovation:does state ownership matter?[J]. Energy econom-ics,2024,136:107762.
[6] PAN X F,AI B W,LI C Y,et al.Dynamic relationship among envi-ronmental regulation,technological innovation and energy efficiency based on large scale provincial panel data in China[J]. Technologi-cal forecasting and social change,2019,144:428-435.
[7] KUBE R,VON GRAEVENITZ K,LÖSCHEL A,et al. Do voluntary environmental programs reduce emissions:EMAS in the German manufacturing secto[r J]. Energy economics,2019,84:104558.
[8] 王茂斌,叶涛,孔东民. 绿色制造与企业环境信息披露:基于中国绿色工厂创建的政策实验[J]. 经济研究,2024,59(2):116-134.
[9] 戴魁早,王思曼,黄姿. 绿色工厂建设促进了企业绿色创新吗?[J]. 数量经济技术经济研究,2024,41(11):177-199.
[10] BARTRAM S M,HOU K W,KIM S.Real effects of climate policy: financial constraints and spillovers[J]. Journal of financial eco-nomics,2022,143(2):668-696.
[11] 李青原,肖泽华. 异质性环境规制工具与企业绿色创新激励: 来自上市企业绿色专利的证据[J]. 经济研究,2020,55(9):192-208.
[12] BLACKMAN A,LAHIRI B,PIZER W,et al.Voluntary environ-mental regulation in developing countries:Mexico's Clean Industry Program[J]. Journal of environmental economics and management, 2010,60(3):182-192.
[13] 李维安,徐建,姜广省. 绿色治理准则:实现人与自然的包容性发展[J]. 南开管理评论,2017,20(5):23-28.
[14] 李维安,张耀伟,郑敏娜,等. 中国上市公司绿色治理及其评价研究[J]. 管理世界,2019,35(5):126-133.
[15] ZHANG Y J,LI X P,SONG Y,et al.Can green industrial policy im-prove total factor productivity:firm-level evidence from China[J]. Structural change and economic dynamics,2021,59:51-62.
[16] 陈艳莹,于千惠,刘经珂. 绿色产业政策能与资本市场有效“联动 ”吗:来自绿色工厂评定的证据[J]. 中国工业经济,2022(12):89-107.
[17] LIAN Y H,YE T,ZHANG Y Y,et al.How does corporate ESG performance affect bond credit spreads:empirical evidence from China[J]. International review of economics & finance,2023,85: 352-371.
[18] XU L,FAN M T,YANG L L,et al.Heterogeneous green innova-tions and carbon emission performance:evidence at China's city leve[l J]. Energy economics,2021,99:105269.
[19] NUTTAVUTHISIT K,THØGERSEN J. The importance of consumer trust for the emergence of a market for green products:the case of or-ganic food[J]. Journal of business ethics,2017,140(2):323-337.
[20] LI Z H,HUANG Z M,SU Y Y.New media environment,environ-mental regulation and corporate green technology innovation:evi-dence from China[J]. Energy economics,2023,119:106545.
[21] Porter M.America's green strategy[J]. Business and the environm-ent:a reader,1996,33:1072.
[22] BROWN J R,MARTINSSON G,THOMANN C.Can environmen-tal policy encourage technical change:emissions taxes and R&D investment in polluting firms[J]. Review of financial studies, 2022,35(10):4518-4560.
[23] 王馨,王营. 绿色信贷政策增进绿色创新研究[J]. 管理世界,2021,37(6):173-188.
[24] 王兵,刘光天. 节能减排与中国绿色经济增长:基于全要素生产率的视角[J]. 中国工业经济,2015(5):57-69.
[25] 龚关,胡关亮. 中国制造业资源配置效率与全要素生产率[J]. 经济研究,2013,48(4):4-15.
[26] ZHANG C Y,ZHU H,LI X Z.Which productivity can promote clean energy transition:total factor productivity or green total fac-tor productivity?[J]. Journal of environmental management,2024, 366:121899.
[27] ZHANG Y B,CHEN Y N,NING Y C.Environmental information disclosure,central environmental protection supervision,and in-dustrial green transformation:empirical evidence from listed com-panies[J]. Environment,development and sustainability,2025,27(5):11579-11601.
[28] REN S G,WU Y P,ZHAO L,et al.Third-party environmental in-formation disclosure and firms' carbon emissions[J]. Energy eco-nomics,2024,131:107350.
[29] KIM Y,LI H D,LI S Q.Corporate social responsibility and stock price crash risk[J]. Journal of banking & finance,2014,43: 1-13.
[30] WANG S J,JI G R,HU Z L,et al.Research on the spatial correla-tion of China's haze pollution and the government's cooperative governance competitive strategy[J]. International journal of envi-ronmental research and public health,2022,20(1):13.
[31] DONG J T,LIU B,CHEN Y Y.Top managers' environmental ex-perience and corporate environmental violations:evidence from China[J]. International review of financial analysis,2024,95: 103450.
[32] SUN H B,HAN F Y,LIU Z L.Does executive environmental pro-tection experience reduce enterprise energy consumption intensity?[J]. Economic analysis and policy,2024,83:652-666.
[33] WINDRUM P,CIARLI T,BIRCHENHALL C.Consumer hetero-geneity and the development of environmentallyfriendly technolo-gies[J]. Technological forecasting and social change,2009,76(4):533-551.
[34] WANG Y,XING C,ZHANG L X.Is greenwashing beneficial for corporate access to financing:evidence from China[J]. Finance re-search letters,2024,65:105538.
[35] LIN H,ZENG S X,WANG L Y,et al.How does environmental ir-responsibility impair corporate reputation:a multi-method investi-gation[J]. Corporate social responsibility and environmental man-agement,2016,23(6):413-423.
[36] ZHANG K S,PAN Z,JANARDHANAN M,et al.Relationship analysis between greenwashing and environmental performance[J]. Environment,development and sustainability,2023,25(8):7927-7957.
[37] 陈晓艳,肖华,张国清. 环境处罚促进企业环境治理了吗:基于过程和结果双重维度的分析[J]. 经济管理,2021,43(6):136-155.
[38] 张云,吕纤,韩云. 机构投资者驱动企业绿色治理:监督效应与内在机理[J]. 管理世界,2024,40(4):197-221.
[39] BECK T,LEVINE R,LEVKOV A.Big bad banks:the winners and losers from bank deregulation in the United States[J]. Journal of finance,2010,65(5):1637-1667.
[40] 余泳泽,孙鹏博,宣烨. 地方政府环境目标约束是否影响了产业转型升级?[J]. 经济研究,2020,55(8):57-72.
[41] FU S H,VIARD V B,ZHANG P.Air pollution and manufacturing firm productivity:nationwide estimates for China[J]. Economic journal,2021,131(640):3241-3273.
[42] 孙圣民,陈强. 家庭联产承包责任制与中国农业增长的再考察:来自面板工具变量法的证据[J]. 经济学(季刊),2017,17(2):815-832.
[43] JIANG Z Y,WANG Z J,ZENG Y Q.Can voluntary environmental regulation promote corporate technological innovation?[J]. Busi-ness strategy and the environment,2020,29(2):390-406.
[44] 黎文靖,路晓燕. 机构投资者关注企业的环境绩效吗:来自我国重污染行业上市公司的经验证据[J]. 金融研究,2015,(12):97-112.
[45] LIU Y,HUANG H Y,MBANYELE W,et al.How does green in-dustrial policy affect corporate green innovation:evidence from the green factory identification in China[J]. Energy economics,2025, 141:108047.
[46] 陈诗一,陈登科. 雾霾污染、政府治理与经济高质量发展[J]. 经济研究,2018,53(2):20-34.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉