基于线性破岩试验的小直径盲井掘进机边缘滚刀破岩振动特征分析
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第一作者:马函,女,1997年生,在读硕士研究生,主要从事隧道掘进机破岩方面的研究工作。 |
收稿日期: 2025-02-25
修回日期: 2025-03-17
网络出版日期: 2025-10-24
基金资助
中国国家原子能机构核设施退役治理专项(科工二司[2020]194)
Analysis for the vibration characteristics of gage cutter of small diameter blind shaft boring machine based on linear cutting test
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First author:MA Han,female,born in 1997,master’s degree candidate,focusing on the research work of tunnel boring machine rock breaking. E-mail:mahan0430@163.com |
Received date: 2025-02-25
Revised date: 2025-03-17
Online published: 2025-10-24
Supported by
National Atomic Energy Agency of China Special Fund for Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Research Project Science and Industry Division(科工二司[2020]194)
我国北山高放废物处置坑拟采用小直径盲井掘进机开挖,而边缘滚刀作为掘进机控制成洞精度和最易损耗的关键部件,其合理设计与布置是实现高放废物处置坑高效开挖的前提。应用小直径盲井掘进机预选的11英寸(279 mm)圆刃盘形滚刀,针对北山花岗岩开展边缘滚刀线性切割破岩试验研究,分析不同贯入度、安装倾角下的边缘滚刀破岩过程及滚刀振动特征。试验结果表明:相同贯入度下,20°安装倾角滚刀的平均法向力总体较大,侧向力较小,但平均滚动力两滚刀较为接近。相同贯入度下,不同安装倾角滚刀破岩时的三轴振动加速度平均峰值均以侧向加速度最大,法向次之,切向最小;安装倾角越大,滚刀三轴振动加速度的差异越大,侧向振动强度越大,且侧向高幅值振动的频率越高;随贯入度的增加边缘滚刀的三轴振动加速度均增大,且滚刀破岩中强振动的频次增大,贯入度对边缘滚刀侧向振动加速度的影响比法向及切向更为显著。本研究还可为小直径盲井掘进机刀盘优化布置提供参考。
马函 , 殷丽君 , 龚秋明 , 马洪素 . 基于线性破岩试验的小直径盲井掘进机边缘滚刀破岩振动特征分析[J]. 世界核地质科学, 2025 , 42(2) : 329 -342 . DOI: 10.3969
The Beishan high-level radioactive waste disposal pit in China is planned to be excavated by a small-diameter blind shaft boring machine,and the gage cutter is the key component of the boring machine to control the accuracy of the hole and the most vulnerable to loss. Its reasonable design and layout are the premise to realize the efficient excavation of the high-level radioactive waste disposal pit. In this paper,the linear cutting test of gage cutter is carried out for Beishan granite by using 11 inch round edge cutter preselected by small diameter blind shaft boring machine. The rock breaking process and vibration characteristics of gage cutter under different penetration depth and installation angle are analyzed. The test results show that under the same penetration depth,the average normal force of the 20° installation angle cutter is generally larger,the lateral force is smaller,but the average rolling force of the two cutters are closer. Under the same penetration depth,the average peak value of triaxial vibration acceleration of gage cutters with different installation angles is the largest in the lateral vibration acceleration,followed by the normal vibration acceleration and the tangential vibration acceleration. The larger the installation angle,the greater the difference in the triaxial vibration acceleration of the gage cutters,the greater the lateral vibration intensity,and the higher the frequency of the lateral high-amplitude vibration.With the increase of penetration depth,the triaxial vibration acceleration of the gage cutter increases,and the frequency of strong vibration in the rock breaking of the gage cutter increases. The influence of penetration depth on the lateral vibration acceleration of the gage cutter is more significant than that in the normal and tangential vibration accelerations. This study can also provide a reference for the optimal layout of the cutterhead of small-diameter blind shaft boring machine.
表1 北山花岗岩试样物理力学指标Table 1 Physical and mechanical property of Beishan granite samples |
| 天然密度/(g∙cm-3) | 弹性模量/GPa | 泊松比 | 单轴抗压强度/MPa | 抗拉强度/MPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.60 | 38.90 | 0.19 | 124.50 | 6.50 |
图4 不同安装倾角滚刀贯入度2.0 mm时滚刀力曲线a—10°安装倾角滚刀力;b—20°安装倾角滚刀力。 Fig. 4 The force curve of gage cutter with different installation angles at penetration depth of 2.0 mm a-The cutting forces of the cutter with 10° installation angle;b-The cutting forces of the cutter with 20° installation angle. |
图5 贯入度2.0 mm不同安装倾角滚刀破岩岩面a—10°安装倾角滚刀破岩面;b—20°安装倾角滚刀破岩面。 Fig. 5 The rock cutting surface for the cutter with different installation angles at the penetration depth of 2.0 mm a-Rock cutting surface for the cutter with 10° installation angle;b-Rock cutting surface for the cutter with 20° installation angle. |
图6 不同安装倾角在贯入度2.0 mm破岩产生典型岩片a—10°安装倾角滚刀破岩典型岩片;b—20°安装倾角滚刀破岩典型岩片。 Fig. 6 Typical rock chips produced by the cutter with different installation angles at penetration depth of 2.0 mm a- Typical rock chips for the cutter with 10° installation angle;b- Typical rock chips for the cutter with 20° installation angle. |
表3 滚刀破岩试验结果汇总Table 3 Summary of test results for the linear cutting tests |
| 贯入度P/mm | 安装倾角10° | 安装倾角20° | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FN/kN | FS/kN | FR/kN | SE/(MJ∙m-3) | CI | FN/kN | FS/kN | FR/kN | SE/(MJ∙m-3) | CI | |
| 1.0 | 70.29 | 4.13 | 2.40 | 110.25 | 290.22 | 72.40 | 3.49 | 2.55 | 71.05 | 321.05 |
| 2.0 | 90.06 | 4.54 | 5.16 | 80.73 | 332.53 | 92.93 | 3.50 | 5.19 | 70.87 | 332.57 |
| 2.5 | 91.87 | 4.57 | 6.40 | 83.55 | 320.61 | 98.78 | 3.97 | 7.08 | 83.59 | 318.40 |
| 3.0 | 104.06 | 5.94 | 7.96 | 85.61 | 312.5 | 104.78 | 5.13 | 7.98 | 80.64 | 327.14 |
| 4.0 | 114.44 | 8.63 | 11.17 | 100.99 | 301.48 | 109.51 | 7.78 | 10.04 | 95.47 | 310.43 |
图9 典型大岩片长轴分布a—10°安装倾角滚刀典型岩片长轴分布;b—20°安装倾角滚刀典型岩片长轴分布。 Fig. 9 The long axis distribution of typical large rock chips a- The long axis distribution of typical rock chips for the cutter with 10° installation angle;b- The long axis distribution of typical rock chips for the cutter with 20° installation angle. |
图10 不同安装倾角滚刀三轴振动加速度峰值统计Fig. 10 Statistics for the peak value of triaxial vibration acceleration of the gage cutters |
表4 不同贯入度下滚刀三轴振动加速度平均峰值汇总/(m·s-2)Table 4 The average peak values of triaxial vibration acceleration at different penetration depth/(m·s-2) |
| 贯入度P/mm | 安装倾角10° | 安装倾角20° | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acc_Xmax | Acc_Ymax | Acc_Zmax | Acc_Xmax | Acc_Ymax | Acc_Zmax | |
| 1.0 | 140.06 | 106.05 | 117.58 | 246.98 | 100.01 | 154.40 |
| 2.0 | 249.94 | 196.48 | 221.33 | 330.38 | 152.61 | 256.40 |
| 2.5 | 340.66 | 276.06 | 328.54 | 384.68 | 174.25 | 313.69 |
| 3.0 | 346.07 | 293.91 | 321.19 | 366.98 | 150.87 | 322.87 |
| 4.0 | 390.26 | 341.25 | 378.19 | 451.05 | 188.76 | 403.63 |
表5 不同贯入度下滚刀平均振动信号能量汇总/(m2∙s-4)Table 5 The average vibration signal energy of each notch at different penetration depth/(m2∙s-4) |
| 贯入度P/mm | 安装倾角10° | 安装倾角20° | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VSE_X | VSE_Y | VSE_Z | VSE_X | VSE_Y | VSE_Z | |
| 1.0 | 2.86×106 | 1.56×106 | 1.90×106 | 5.58×106 | 1.32×106 | 3.14×106 |
| 2.0 | 8.03×106 | 5.86×106 | 6.44×106 | 9.83×106 | 2.54×106 | 8.29×106 |
| 2.5 | 1.03×107 | 6.75×106 | 8.05×106 | 1.26×107 | 2.92×106 | 8.02×106 |
| 3.0 | 9.11×106 | 6.87×106 | 7.29×106 | 1.51×107 | 3.05×106 | 1.59×107 |
| 4.0 | 1.74×107 | 1.29×107 | 1.35×107 | 2.00×107 | 3.77×106 | 2.09×107 |
图12 贯入度2.0 mm时滚刀三轴加速度时域分析图a—10°安装倾角滚刀振动加速度时域分析;b—20°安装倾角滚刀振动加速度时域分析。 Fig. 12 Time domain analysis diagram of triaxial acceleration at penetration depth of 2.0 mm a-Time domain analysis of triaxial acceleration for the cutter with 10° installation inclination angle;b-Domain analysis of triaxial acceleration time for the cutter with 20° installation inclination angle. |
图13 不同安装倾角滚刀三轴加速度频域分析图a—10°安装倾角滚刀三轴加速度频域分析;b—20°安装倾角滚刀三轴加速度频域分析。 Fig. 13 Frequency domain analysis diagram of triaxial acceleration for the gage cutters a- Frequency domain analysis of triaxial acceleration for the cutter with 10° installation inclination angle;b- Frequency domain analysis of triaxial acceleration for the cutter with 20° installation inclination angle. |
图15 不同贯入度下X轴振动加速度的频率直方图a—贯入度1.0 mm;b—贯入度2.0 mm;c—贯入度2.5 mm;d—贯入度3.0 mm;e—贯入度4.0 mm。 Fig. 15 Frequency histogram of X-axis vibration acceleration under different penetration depths a-Penetration depth of 1.0 mm;b-Penetration depth of 2.0 mm;c-Penetration depth of 2.5 mm;d-Penetration depth of 3.0 mm;e-Penetration depth of 4.0 mm. |
感谢审稿专家和编辑部老师为本文撰写和修改提出的建设性意见。
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