Study on Vascular Plant Flora in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park, Wuping, Fujian Province
Received date: 2023-09-13
Revised date: 2024-01-24
Online published: 2025-08-14
In order to understand the flora composition and distribution types of vascular flora in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park, Wuping, Fujian Province, and the differences of flora with other eight wetlands, the flora richness of different regions was studied by Zuojiabu comprehensive coefficient method, and the correlation of the flora geographical components was compared by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that there were 795 species of wild vascular plants belonging to 493 genera and 169 families in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park, including 84 species of ferns belonging to 57 genera and 35 families, 7 species of gymnosperms belonging to 7 genera and 6 families, and 704 species of angiosperms belonging to 429 genera and 128 families. There were 151 families, 272 genera and 397 species of monospeciae and oligospeciae families, accounting for 89.35%, 55.17% and 49.94% of the total number of families, genera and species, respectively. There were 485 genera and 736 species of monospeciae and oligospeciae genera, accounting for 98.38% and 92.58% of the total genera and species, respectively. There were 14 families, 24 genera and 25 species of alien invasive plants, mainly herbaceous plants. There were 1 species of national first-class key protected plant and 10 species of national second-class key protected plants. The geographical composition of wetland plants was complex and diverse, with obvious tropical attributes in the distribution types of families and genera, showing the characteristics of transition from mid-subtropical to southern subtropical. There were 75 tropical families and 29 temperate families, accounting for 72.12% and 27.88%, respectively, of which pan-tropical distribution family and northern temperate distribution family was dominant. There were 281 tropical genera and 138 temperate genera, accounting for 65.96% and 32.39%, respectively. The geographical composition analysis of plant genera showed that it was most closely related to the Lipu Lijiang Wetland and the Ruyuan Nanshuihu Wetland, and most distantly related to the Haining Changshuitang Wetland. Compared with the flora richness in other regions, the richness of flora was lower than that of the Xupu Simeng Wetland and the Ruyuan Nanshuihu Wetland, but higher than that of other wetlands. In general, the flora richness was relatively high.
Key words: national wetland park; vascular plants; flora; richness index; the Zhongshan River
GUO Shun , HUANG Qitang , HUANG Lei , LYU Guoliang . Study on Vascular Plant Flora in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park, Wuping, Fujian Province[J]. Wetland Science, 2024 , 22(5) : 781 -797 . DOI: 10.13248/j.cnki.wetlandsci.2024.05.016
表1 中山河国家湿地公园维管植物名录Table 1 List of vascular plants in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
科/物种名称 | 科/物种名称 | 科/物种名称 | |
---|---|---|---|
(一)石杉科Huperziaceae | (十四)蕨科Pteridiaceae | (二十五)鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | |
1蛇足石杉Huperzia serrata | 28蕨Pteridium aquilinum | 56镰羽贯众Cyrtomium balansae | |
(二)石松科Lycopodiaceae | (十五)凤尾蕨科 Pteridaceae | 57贯众Cyrtomium fortunei | |
2藤石松Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides | 29剑叶凤尾蕨Pteris ensiformis | 58阔鳞鳞毛蕨Dryopteris championii | |
3石松Lycopodium japonicum Thunb | 30井栏边草Pteris multifida | 59黑足鳞毛蕨Dryopteris fuscipes | |
4垂穗石松Palhinhaea cernua | 31半边旗Pteris semipinnata | 60黑鳞鳞毛蕨Dryopteris lepidopoda Hayata | |
(三)卷柏科Selaginellaceae | 32蜈蚣草Pteris vittata | 61无盖鳞毛蕨Dryopteris scottii | |
5薄叶卷柏Selaginella delicatula | (十六)中国蕨科Sinopteridaceae | 62奇数鳞毛蕨Dryopteris sieboldii | |
6深绿卷柏Selaginella doederleinii | 33粉背蕨Aleuritopteris anceps | 63稀羽鳞毛蕨Dryopteris sparsa | |
7江南卷柏Selaginella moellendorfii | 34野雉尾金粉蕨Onychium japonicum | (二十六)实蕨科Bolbitidaceae | |
8翠云草Selaginella uncinata | (十七)铁线蕨科Adiantaceae | 64华南实蕨Bolbitis subcardata | |
(四)木贼科Equisetaceae | 35扇叶铁线蕨Adiantum flabellulatum | (二十七)肾蕨科Nephrolepidaceae | |
9笔管草Hippochaete debile | (十八)裸子蕨科Gymnogrammaceae | 65肾蕨Nephrolepis auriculata | |
(五)莲座蕨科Angiopteridaceae | 36凤丫蕨Coniogramme japonica | (二十八)骨碎补科Davalliaceae | |
10福建莲座Angiopteris fokienensis | (十九)书带蕨科Vittariaceae | 66圆盖阴石蕨Humata tyermannii | |
(六)紫萁科Osmundaceae | 37书带蕨Haplopteri sflexuosa | (二十九)水龙骨科Polypodiaceae | |
11粗齿紫萁Osmunda banksiifolia | 38细柄书带蕨Haplopteris filipes | 67线蕨Colysis elliptica | |
12紫萁Osmunda japonica | (二十)蹄盖蕨科Athyriaceae | 68宽羽线蕨Colysis pothifolia | |
(七)瘤足蕨科Plagiogyriaceae | 39膨大短肠蕨Allantodia dilatata | 69抱石莲Lepidogrammitis drymoglossoides | |
13镰羽瘤足蕨Plagiogyria falcata | 40江南短肠蕨Allantodia metteniana | 70鳞果星蕨Lepidomicrosorium buergerianum | |
(八)里白科Gleicheniaceae | 41假蹄盖蕨Athyriopsis japonica | 71扭瓦韦Lepisorus contortus | |
14芒萁Dicranopteris pedata | 42菜蕨Callipteris exculenta | 72瓦韦Lepisorus thunbergianus | |
15中华里白Hicriopteris chinensis | (二十一)金星蕨科Thelypteridaceae | 73江南星蕨Microsorum fortunei | |
16里白Hicriopteris glauca | 43渐尖毛蕨Cyclosorus acuminatus | 74盾蕨Neolepisorus ovatus | |
(九)海金沙科Lygodiaceae | 44华南毛蕨Cyclosorus parasiticus | 75灰鳞假瘤蕨Phymatopteris albopes | |
17海金沙Lygodium japonicum | 45羽裂圣蕨Dictyocline wiffordii | 76金鸡脚假瘤蕨Phymatopteris hastata | |
18小叶海金沙Lygodium scandens | 46 延羽卵果蕨Phegopteris decursive-pinnata | 77日本水龙骨Polypodiodes niponica | |
(十)膜蕨科Hymenophyllaceae | 47普通假毛蕨Pseudocyclosorus Subchthodes | 78石韦Pyrrosia lingua | |
19小叶膜蕨Hymenophyllum oxyodon | (二十二)铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae | (三十)槲蕨科Drynariaceae | |
(十一)蚌壳蕨科Dicksoniaceae | 48华南铁角蕨Asplenium austro chinense | 79槲蕨Drynaria fortunei | |
20金毛狗Cibotium barometz | 49狭翅铁角蕨Asplenium wrightii | (三十一)剑蕨科Loxogrammaceae | |
(十二)碗蕨科Dennstaediaceae | (二十三)水蕨科Ceratopteridaceae | 80柳叶剑蕨Loxogramme salicifolia | |
21溪洞碗蕨Dennstaedtia wilfordii | 50水蕨Ceratopteris thalictroides | (三十二)舌蕨科Elaphoglossaceae | |
22华南鳞盖蕨Microlepia hancei | (二十四)乌毛蕨科Blechnaceae | 81华南舌蕨Elaphoglossum yoshinagae | |
23边缘鳞盖蕨Microlepia marginata | 51乌毛蕨Blechnum orienale | (三十三)苹科Marsileaceae | |
(十三)陵始蕨科Lindsaeaceae | 52狗脊蕨Woodwardia japonica | 82苹Marsilea quadrifolia | |
24长方叶陵始蕨Lindsaea chienii | 53珠芽狗脊Woodwardia prolifera | (三十四)槐叶苹科Salviniaceae | |
25陵始蕨Lindsaea odorata | (二十五)鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae | 83槐叶苹Salvinia natans | |
26团叶陵始蕨Lindsaea orbiculata | 54刺头复叶耳蕨Arachniodes exilis | (三十五)满江红科Azollaceae | |
27乌蕨Sphenomeris chinensis | 55斜方复叶耳蕨Arachniodes rhomboidea | 84满江红Azolla imbricata | |
(三十六)松科Pinaceae | (四十七)樟科Lauraceae | (五十六)苋科Amaranthaceae | |
85马尾松Pinus massoniana | 114毛山鸡椒Litsea cubeba var. formosana | 145青葙Celosia argentea | |
(三十七)杉科Taxodiaceae | 115黄丹木姜子Litseae longata | (五十七)藜科Chenopodiaceae | |
86杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata | 116豺皮樟Litsea rotundifoliaa | 146藜Chenopodium album | |
(三十八)柏科Cupressaceae | 117黄绒润楠Machilus grijsii | 147小藜Chenopodium ficifolium | |
87刺柏Juniperus formosana | 118薄叶润楠Machilus leptophylla | (五十八)石竹科 Caryophyllaceae | |
88柏木Cupressus funebris | 119红楠Machilus thunbergii | 148簇生卷耳Cerastium caespitosum | |
(三十九)罗汉松科Podocarpaceae | 120绒毛润楠Machilus velutina | 149鹅肠菜Myosoton aquaticum | |
89小叶罗汉松Podocarpus brevifolius | 121新木姜子Neolitsea aurata | 150漆姑草Sagina japonica | |
(四十)红豆杉科Taxaceae | 122锈叶新木姜子Neolitsea cambodiana | 151繁缕Stellaria media | |
90南方红豆杉Taxus wallichiana. | 123鸭公树Neolitsea chuii | 152雀舌草Stellaria uliginosa | |
(四十一)买麻藤科Gnetaceae | 124大叶新木姜子Neolitsea levinei | (五十九)蓼科 Polygonaceae | |
91买麻藤Gnetum montanum. | 125闽楠Phoebe bournei | 153金线草Antenoron filiforme | |
(四十二)木兰科 Magnoliaceae | 126紫楠Phoebe sheareri | 154毛金线草Antenoronneo filiforme | |
92深山含笑Michelia maudiae | 127檫木Sassafras tzumu | 155金荞麦Fagopyrum dibotrys | |
93野含笑Michelia skinneriana | (四十八)蜡梅科Calycanthaceae | 156萹蓄Polygonum aviculare | |
(四十三)番荔枝科 Annonaceae | 128山蜡梅Chimonanthus nitens | 157毛蓼Polygonum barbatum | |
94瓜馥木Fissistigma oldhamii | (四十九)金粟兰科Chloranthaceae | 158火炭母Polygonum chinense | |
(四十四)八角科 Illiciaceae | 129台湾金粟兰Chloranthus oldhamii | 159水蓼Polygonum hydropiper | |
95披针叶八角Illicium lanceolatum | 130及己Chloranthus serratus | 160小花蓼Polygonum muricatum | |
(四十五)五味子科Schisandraceae | 131草珊瑚Sarcandra glabra | 161尼泊尔蓼Polygonum nepalense | |
96黑老虎Kadsura coccinea | (五十)马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae | 162红蓼Polygonum orientale | |
97南五味子Kadsura longepedunculata | 132马兜铃Aristolochia debilis | 163杠板归Polygonum perfoliatum | |
98翼梗五味子Schisandra henryi | 133尾花细辛Asarum caudigerum | 164羽叶蓼Polygonum runcinatum | |
(四十六)金鱼藻科 Ceratophyllaceae | 134杜衡Asarum forbesii | 165刺蓼Polygonum senticosum | |
99金鱼藻Ceratophyllum demersum | 135福建细辛Asarum fukienense | 166虎杖Reynoutria japonica | |
(四十七)樟科Lauraceae | (五十一)三白草科 Saururacea | 167酸模Rumex acetosa | |
100华南桂Cinnamomum austro-sinense | 136三白草Saururus chinensis | 168羊蹄Rumex japonicus | |
101樟树Cinnamomum camphora | 137蕺菜Houttuynia cordata | (六十)泽泻科Alismatacea | |
102沉水樟Cinnamomum micranthum | (五十二)胡椒科Piperaceae | 169矮慈姑Sagittaria pygmaea | |
103黄樟Cinnamomum porrectum | 138山蒟Piper hancei | 170野慈姑Sagittaria trifolia | |
104香桂Cinnamomum subavenium | (五十三)商陆科Phytolaccaceae | (六十一)水鳖科 Hydrocharitaceae | |
105辣汁树Cinnamomum tsangii | 139商陆Phytolacca acinosa | 171黑藻Hydrilla verticillata | |
106厚壳桂Cryptocarya chinensis | (五十四)马齿苋科Portulacaceae | 172水鳖Hydrocha risdubia | |
107硬壳桂Cryptocarya chingii | 140马齿苋Portulaca oleracea | 173苦草Vallisnerianatans | |
108乌药Lindera aggregata | (五十五)粟米草科 Molluginaceae | (六十二)眼子菜科Potamogetonaceae | |
109香叶树Lindera communis | 141粟米草Mollugo pentaphylla | 174小叶眼子菜Potamogeton cristatus | |
110山胡椒Lindera glauca | 142土牛膝Achyranthes aspera | 175眼子菜Potamogeton oblongus | |
111黑壳楠Lindera megaphylla | 143牛膝Achyranthes bidentata | (六十三)茨藻科Najadaceae | |
112毛黑壳楠Lindera megaphyllaf. trichodada | 144莲子草Alternanthera sessilis | 176小茨藻Najas minor | |
113山鸡椒Litsea cubeba | |||
(六十四)天南星科Araceae | (七十二)姜科Zingiberaceae | (七十八)禾本科Gramineae | |
177菖蒲Acorus calamus | 209华山姜Alpinia oblongifolia | 243孔颖草Bothriochloa pertusa | |
178海芋Alocasia odora | 210舞花姜Globba racemosa | 244毛臂形草Brachiaria villosa | |
179魔芋Amorphophallus rivieri | (七十三)美人蕉科Cannaceae | 245雀麦Bromus japonicus | |
180一把伞南星Arisaema erubescens | 211蕉芋Canna edulis | 246拂子茅Calamagrostis epigeios | |
181异叶天南星Arisaema heterophyllum | (七十四)鸭跖草科Commelinaceae | 247硬杆子草Capillipedium assimile | |
182野芋Colocasia antiquorum | 212鸭跖草Commelina communis | 248细柄草Capillipedium parviflorum | |
183紫芋Colocasia tonoimo | 213竹节草Commelina diffusa | 249薏苡Coix lacryma-jobi | |
(六十五)浮萍科Lemnaceae | 214大苞鸭跖草Commelina paludosa | 250狗牙根Cynodon dactylon | |
184浮萍Lemna minor | 215聚花草Floscopa scandens | 251弓果黍Cyrtococcum patens | |
(六十六)百部科Stemonaceae | 216牛轭草Murdannia loriformis | 252绿竹Dendrocalamopsis oldhami | |
185大百部Stemona tuberosa | 217裸花水竹叶Murdannia nudiflora | 253麻竹Dendrocalamus latiflorus | |
(六十七)薯蓣科Dioscoreaceae | 218水竹叶Murdanniat riquetra | 254野青茅Deyeuxia pyramidalis | |
186黄独Dioscorea bulbifera | 219杜若Pollia japonica | 255纤毛马唐Digitaria ciliaris | |
187薯莨Dioscorea cirrhosa | (七十五)谷精草科Eriocaulaceae | 256红尾翎Digitaria radicosa | |
188山薯Dioscorea fordii | 220谷精草Eriocaulon buergerianum | 257紫马唐Digitaria violascens | |
189纤细薯蓣Dioscorea gracillima | 221白药谷精草Eriocaulon cinereum | 258稗Echinochloa crusgalli | |
190薯蓣Dioscorea polystachya | 222江南谷精草Eriocaulon faberi | 259牛筋草Eleusine indica | |
(六十八)百合科Liliaceae | (七十六)灯心草科Juncaceae | 260鼠妇草Eragrostis atrovirens | |
191华重楼Paris polyphylla var. chinensis | 223灯心草Juncus effusus | 261知风草Eragrostis ferruginea | |
192尖叶菝葜Smilax arisanensis | 224江南灯心草Juncus leschenaultii | 262乱草Eragrostis japonica | |
193菝葜Smilax china | (七十七)莎草科Cyperaceae | 263画眉草Eragrostis pilosa | |
194土茯苓Smilax glabra | 225花葶薹草Carex scaposa | 264牛虱草Eragrostis unioloides | |
195粉背菝葜Smilax hypoglauca | 226扁穗莎草Cyperus compressus | 265鹧鸪草Eriachne pallescens | |
196白背牛尾菜Smilax nipponica | 227畦畔莎草Cyperus haspan | 266野黍Eriochloa villosa | |
197牛尾菜Smilax riparia | 228碎米莎草Cyperus iria | 267紫羊茅Festuca rubra | |
198禾叶山麦冬Liriope graminifolia | 229毛轴莎草Cyperus pilos | 268三芒耳稃草Garnotia acutigluma | |
199山麦冬Liriope spicata | 230香附子Cyperus rotundus | 269甜茅Glyceria acutiflora | |
200沿阶草Ophiopogon bodinieri | 231短叶水蜈蚣Kyllinga brevifolia | 270距花黍Ichnanthus vicinus | |
201麦冬Ophiopogon japonicas | 232砖子苗Mariscus umbellatus | 271白茅Imperata cylindrica | |
202天门冬Asparagus cochinchinensis | 233球穗扁莎Pycreus globosus | 272箬竹Indocalamus tessellatus | |
203山菅兰Dianella ensifolia | 234刺子莞Rhynchospora rubra | 273柳叶箬Isachne globosa | |
204萱草Hemerocallis fulva | 235黑鳞珍珠茅Scleria hookeriana | 274匍匐柳叶箬Isachne repens | |
(六十九)石蒜科Amaryllidaceae | 236高秆珍珠茅Scleria terrestris | 275纤毛鸭嘴草Ischaemum indicum | |
205石蒜Lycoris radiata | (七十八)禾本科Gramineae | 276假稻Leersia oryzoides | |
(七十)雨久花科Pontederiaceae | 237看麦娘Alopecurus aequalis | 277千金子Leptochloa chinensis | |
206鸭舌草Monochoria vaginalis | 238黄毛草Aristida cumingiana | 278虮子草Leptochloa panicea | |
(七十一)芭蕉科Musaceae | 239荩草Arthraxon hispidus | 279淡竹叶Lophatherum gracile | |
207野芭蕉Musa balbisiana | 240野古草Arundinella anomala | 280柔枝莠竹Microstegium vimineum | |
(七十二)姜科Zingiberaceae | 241芦竹Arundo donax | 281五节芒Miscanthus floridulus | |
208山姜Alpinia japonica | 242孝顺竹Bambusa multiplex | 282芒Miscanthus sinensis | |
(七十八)禾本科Gramineae | (八十)木通科Lardizabalaceae | (八十六)壳斗科Fagaceae | |
283类芦Neyraudia reynaudiana | 323三叶木通Akebia trifoliata | 358细叶青冈Cyclobalanopsis gracilis | |
284竹叶草Oplismenus compositus | 324白木通Akebia trifoliata | 359柯Lithocarpus glaber | |
285圆果雀稗Paspalum orbiculare | 325鹰爪枫Holboellia coriacea | 360港柯Lithocarpus harlandii | |
286双穗雀稗Paspalum paspaloides | 326五叶瓜藤Holboellia fargesii | (八十七)胡桃科Juglandaceae | |
287雀稗Paspalum thunbergii | 327野木瓜Stauntonia chinensis | 361黄杞Engelhardtia roxburghiana | |
288狼尾草Pennisetum alopecuroides | 328尾叶那藤Stauntonia hexaphylla | 362枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera | |
289芦苇Phragmites australis | 329短药野木瓜Stauntonia leucantha | (八十八)杨梅科Myricaceae | |
290桂竹Phyllostachys bambusoides | (八十一)防己科Menispermaceae | 363杨梅Myrica rubra | |
291毛竹Phyllostachys edulis | 330木防己Cocculus orbiculatus | (八十九)交让木科Daphniphyllaceae | |
292淡竹Phyllostachys glauca | 331粉叶轮环藤Cyclea hypoglauca | 364牛耳枫Daphniphyllum calycinum | |
293水竹Phyllostachys heteroclada | 332轮环藤Cyclea racemosa | 365虎皮楠Daphniphyllum oldhamii | |
294台湾桂竹Phyllostachys makinoi | 333秤钩风Diploclisia affinis | (九十)山茶科Theaceae | |
295灰竹Phyllostachys nuda | 334汉防己Sinomenium acutum | 366杨桐Adinandra millettii | |
296河竹Phyllostachys rivalis | 335金线吊乌龟Stephania cepharantha | 367连蕊茶Camellia cuspidata | |
297刚竹Phyllostachys viridis | 336千金藤Stephania japonica | 368毛花连蕊茶Camellia fraterna | |
298苦竹Pleioblastus amarus | 337粪箕笃Stephania longa | 369红皮糙果茶Camellia crapnelliana | |
299白顶早熟禾Poa acroleuca | 338粉防己Stephania tetrandra | 370细枝柃Eurya loquaiana | |
300早熟禾Poa annua | (八十二)毛茛科Ranunculaceae | 371细齿叶柃Eurya nitida | |
301金丝草Pogonatherum crinirum | 339威灵仙Clematis chinensis | 372窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa | |
302棒头草Polypogon fugax | 340毛茛Ranunculus japonica | 373木荷Schima superba | |
303竖立鹅观草Roegneria japonensis | 341石龙芮Ranunculus sceleratus | 374厚皮香Ternstroemia gymnanthera | |
304鹅观草Roegneria kamoji | (八十三)小檗科Berberidaceae | (九十一)金丝桃科Hypericaceae | |
305面杆竹Pseudosasa orthotropa | 342南天竹Nandina domestica | 375金丝桃Hypericum monogynum | |
306斑茅Saccharum arundinaceum | 343三枝九叶草Epimedium sagittatum | 376地耳草Hypericum japonicum | |
307河王八Saccharum narenga | (八十四)罂粟科Papaveraceae | 377元宝草Hypericum sampsonii | |
308囊颖草Sacciolepis indica | 344黄堇Corydalis pallida | (九十二)大风子科Kiggelariaceae | |
309鼠尾囊颖草Sacciolepis myosuroides | (八十五)金缕梅科Hamamelidaceae | 378山桐子Idesia polycarpa | |
310叶裂稃草Schizachyrium brevifolium | 345细柄蕈树Altingia gracilipes | 379 柞木Xylosma congesta | |
311大狗尾草Setaria faberii | 346杨梅叶蚊母树Distylium myricoides | (九十三)堇菜科Violaceae | |
312金色狗尾草Setaria glauca | 347枫香Liquidambar formosana | 380三角叶堇菜Viola triangulifolia | |
313皱叶狗尾草Setaria plicata | 348檵木Loropetalum chinensis | 381堇菜Viola verecunda | |
314狗尾草Setaria viridis | 349半枫荷Semiliquidambar cathayensis | 382紫花地丁Viola yedoensis | |
315稗荩Sphaerocaryum malaccense | (八十六)壳斗科Fagaceae | (九十四)葫芦科Cucurbitaceae | |
316油芒Spodiopogon cotulifer | 350米槠Castanopsis carlesii | 383栝楼Trichosanthes kirilowii | |
317鼠尾粟Sporobolu sfertilis | 351甜槠Castanopsis eyrei | 384马㼎儿 Zehneria indica | |
318苞子草Themeda caudata | 352罗浮锥Castanopsis fabri | (九十五)秋海棠科Begoniaceae | |
319结缕草Zoysia japonica | 353栲Castanopsis fargesii | 385周裂秋海棠Begonia circumlobata | |
320细叶结缕草Zoysia pacifica | 354黧蒴锥Castanopsis fissa | 386裂叶秋海棠Begonia palmata | |
(七十九)棕榈科Palmae | 355吊皮锥Castanopsis kawakamii | (九十六)杨柳科Salicaceae | |
321高毛鳞省藤Calamus hoplites | 356鹿角锥Castanopsis lamontii | 387旱柳Salix matsudana | |
322棕榈Trachycarpus fortunci | 357青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca | ||
(九十七)十字花科Cruciferae | (一〇三)荨麻科Urticaceae | (一一〇)柿科Ebenaceae | |
388荠菜Capsella bursa-pastoris | 422赤车Pellionia radicans | 456野柿Diospyros kaki | |
389碎米荠Cardamine hirsuta | 423冷水花Pilea notata | 457罗浮柿Diospyros morrisiana | |
390印度蔊菜Rorippa indica | (一〇四)大戟科Euphorbiaceae | (一一一)紫金牛科Myrsinaceae | |
(九十八)杜英科Elaeocarpaceae | 424铁苋菜Acalypha australis | 458朱砂根Ardisia crenata | |
391中华杜英Elaeocarpus chinensis | 425山麻杆Alchornea davidii | 459红凉伞Ardisia crenata var. hortensis | |
392杜英Elaeocarpus decipiens | 426地锦Euphorbia humifusa | 460百两金Ardisia crispa | |
393日本杜英Elaeocarpus japonicus | 427毛果算盘子Glochidion eriocarpum | 461虎舌红Ardisia mamillata | |
394山杜英Elaeocarpus sylvestris | 428算盘子Glochidion puberum | 462沿海紫金牛Ardisia punctata | |
395猴欢喜Sloanea sinensis | 429白背叶Mallotus apeltus | 463九节龙Ardisia pusilla | |
(九十九)梧桐科Sterculiaceae | 430白楸Mallotus paniculatus | 464网脉酸藤子Embelia rudis | |
396山芝麻Helicteres angustifolia | 431粗糠柴Mallotus phillippinensis | 465杜茎山Maesa japonica | |
(一〇〇)Malvaceae | 432石岩枫Mallotus repandus | 466鲫鱼胆Maesa perlarius | |
397黄葵Abelmoschus moschatus | 433蜜柑草Phyllanthus matsumurae | 467密花树Rapanea neriifolia | |
398庐山芙蓉Hibiscus paramutabilis | 434叶下珠Phyllanthus urinaria | (一一二)报春花科Primulaceae | |
399白背黄花稔Sida rhombifolia | 435山乌桕Sapium discolor | 468广西过路黄Lysimachia alfredii | |
400地桃花Urena lobata | 436乌桕Sapium sebiferum | 469泽珍珠菜Lysimachia caudida | |
(一〇一)榆科Ulmaceae | 437油桐Vernicia fordii | 470过路黄Lysimachia christinae | |
401朴树Celtis tetrandra | 438木油树Vernicia montana | 471星宿菜Lysimachia fortunei | |
402山油麻Trema dielsiana | (一〇五)瑞香科Thymelaeaceae | 472假婆婆纳Stimpsonia chamaedryoides | |
403山黄麻Trema orientalis | 439了哥王Wikstroemia indica | (一一三)景天科Crassulaceae | |
(一〇二)桑科Moraceae | (一〇六)猕猴桃科Actinidiaceae | 473珠芽景天Sedum bulbiferum | |
404白桂木Artocarpus hypargyreus | 440中华猕猴桃Actinidia chinensis | 474垂盆草Sedum sarmentosum | |
405葡蟠Broussonetia kaempferi | 441黄毛猕猴桃Actinidia fulvicoma | 475火焰草Sedum stellariifolium | |
406小构树Broussonetia kazinoki | (一〇七)杜鹃花科Rhodoraceae | (一一四)虎耳草科Saxifragaceae | |
407构树Broussonetia papyrifera | 442鹿角杜鹃Rhododendron latoucheae | 476虎耳草Saxifraga stolonifera | |
408黄毛榕Ficus esquiroliana | 443满山红Rhododendron mariesii | 477鼠刺Itea chinensis | |
409台湾榕Ficus formosana | 444马银花Rhododendron ovatum | 478峨眉鼠刺Itea omeiensis | |
410粗叶榕Ficus hirta | 445杜鹃Rhododendron simsii | 479常山Dichroa febrifuga | |
411琴叶榕Ficus pandurata | 446南烛Lyonia ovalifolia | 480圆锥绣球Hydrangea paniculata | |
412薜荔Ficus pumila | 447米饭花Vaccinium mandarinorum | 481冠盖藤Pileostegia viburnoides | |
413竹叶榕Ficus stenophylla | (一〇八)安息香科Styracaceae | (一一五)小二仙草Haloragaceae | |
414笔管榕Ficus subpisocarpa | 448拟赤杨Alniphyllum fortunei | 482小二仙草Haloragis micrantha | |
415变叶榕Ficus var.iolosa | 449野茉莉Styrax japonicus | (一一六)蔷薇科Rosaceae | |
416葎草Humulus scandens | 450栓叶安息香Styrax suberifolius | 483龙芽草Agrimonia pilosa | |
417桑树Morus alba | (一〇九)山矾科Symplocaceae | 484福建山樱花Cerasus campanulata | |
(一〇三)荨麻科Urticaceae | 451越南山矾Symplocos cochinchinensis | 485蛇莓Duchesnea indica | |
418序叶苎麻Boehmeria diffusa | 452羊舌树Symplocos glauca | 486枇杷Eriobotrya japonica | |
419长穗苎麻Boehmeria longispica | 453光叶山矾Symplocos lancifolia | 487柔毛路边青Geum japonicum | |
420苎麻Boehmeria nivea | 454老鼠矢Symplocos stellaris | 488腺叶桂樱Laurocerasus phaeosticta | |
421糯米团Gonostegia hirta | 455山矾Symplocos sumuntia | 489刺叶桂樱Laurocerasus spinulosa | |
(一一六)蔷薇科Rosaceae | (一二五)槭树科Aceraceae | (一三〇)芸香科Rutaceae | |
490椤木石楠Photinia davidsoniae | 523紫果槭Acer cordatum | 559柚Citrus maxima | |
491桃叶石楠Photinia prunifolia | 524青榨槭Acer davidii | 560小花山小橘Glycosmis parviflora | |
492蛇含委陵菜Potentilla kleiniana | (一二六)橄榄科Burseraceae | 561九里香Murraya exotica | |
493石斑木Rhaphiolepis indica | 525橄榄Canarium album | 562枸枳Poncirus trifoliata | |
494小果蔷薇Rosa cymosa | (一二七)漆树科Anacardiaceae | 563飞龙掌血Toddalia asiatica | |
495金樱子Rosa laevigata | 526南酸枣Choerospondia saxillaris | 564椿叶花椒Zanthoxylum ailanthoides | |
496野蔷薇Rosa multiflora | 527盐肤木Rhus chinensis | 565簕欓花椒Zanthoxylum avicennae | |
497掌叶覆盆子Rubus chingii | 528木蜡树Toxiocodendron sylvestre | 566两面针Zanthoxylum nitida | |
498山莓Rubus corchorifolius | (一二八)清风藤科Sabiaceae | (一三一)苦木科Simaroubaceae | |
499白叶莓Rubus innominatus | 529笔罗子Meliosma rigida | 567鸦胆子Brucea javanica | |
500高粱泡Rubus lambertianus | 530清风藤Sabia japonica | (一三二)楝科Meliaceae | |
501茅莓Rubus parvifolius | (一二九)豆科Leguminosae | 568楝Melia azedarach | |
502锈毛莓Rubus reflexus | 531粉叶羊蹄甲Bauhinia glauca | 569香椿Toona sinensis | |
503空心泡Rubus rosaefolius | 532云实Caesalpinia decapetala | (一三三)牻牛儿苗科Geraniaceae | |
504红腺悬钩子Rubus sumatranus | 533亮叶猴耳环Abarema lucida | 570老鹳草Geranium wilfordii | |
505麻叶绣线菊Spiraea cantoniensis | 534相思树Acacia confusa | (一三四)酢浆草科Oxalidaceae | |
(一一七)山龙眼科Proteaceae | 535紫云英Astragalus sinicus | 571酢浆草Oxalis corniculata | |
506网脉山龙眼Helicia reticulata | 536亮叶崖豆藤Callerya nitida | (一三五)凤仙花科Balsaminaceae | |
(一一八)胡颓子科Elaeagnaceae | 537网络崖豆藤Callerya reticulata | 572华凤仙Impatiens chinensis | |
507胡颓子Elaeagnus pungens | 538小叶三点金Codariocalyx microphyllus | 573黄金凤Impatiens siculifer | |
(一一九)桃金娘科Myrtaceae | 539猪屎豆Crotalaria pallida | 574管茎凤仙花Impatiens tubulosa | |
508桃金娘Rhodomyrtus tomentosa | 540野百合Crotalaria sessiliflora | (一三六)远志科Polygalaceae | |
509华南蒲桃Syzygium austrosinense | 541藤黄檀Dalbergia hancei | 575狭叶香港远志Polygala hongkongensis | |
510赤楠Syzygium buxifolium | 542三点金Desmodium triflorum | 576大叶金牛Polyga lalatouchei | |
511轮叶蒲桃Syzygium grijsii | 543千斤拔Flemingia prostrata | (一三七)卫矛科Celastraceae | |
(一二〇)柳叶菜科Onagraceae | 544庭藤Indigofera decora | 577过山枫Celastrus aculeatus | |
512柳叶菜Epilobium hirsutum | 545鸡眼草Kummerowia striata | 578窄叶南蛇藤Celastrus oblanceifolius | |
513水龙Ludwigia adscendens | 546胡枝子Lespedeza bilobar | 579南蛇藤Celastrus orbiculatus | |
514丁香蓼Ludwigia prostrata | 547截叶铁扫帚Lespedeza cuneata | 580百齿卫矛Euonymus centidens | |
(一二一)千屈菜科Lythraceae | 548美丽胡枝子Lespedeza formosa | 581常春卫矛Euonymus hederacea | |
515圆叶节节菜Rotala rotundifolia | 549香花崖豆藤Millettia dielsiana | 582疏花卫矛Euonymus laxiflorus | |
(一二二)野牡丹科Melastomataceae | 550厚果崖豆藤Millettia pachycarpa | 583大果卫矛Euonymus myrianthus | |
516过路惊Bredia quadrangularis | 551白花油麻藤Mucuna birdwoodiana | (一三八)冬青科Aquifoliaceae | |
517多花野牡丹Melastoma affine | 552花榈木Ormosia henryi | 584梅叶冬青Ilex asprella | |
518地菍Melastoma dodecandrum | 553木荚红豆Ormosia xylocarpa | 585冬青Ilex chinensis | |
519金锦香Osbeckia chinensis | 554野葛Pueraria lobata | 586大叶冬青Ilex latifolia | |
(一二三)省沽油科Staphyleaceae | 555鹿藿Rhynchosia volubilis | 587小果冬青Ilex micrococca | |
520野鸦椿Euscaphis japonica | 556田菁Sesbania cannabina | 588毛冬青Ilex pubescens | |
521锐尖山香圆Turpinia arguta | 557葫芦茶Tadehagi triquetrum | 589三花冬青Ile xtriflora | |
(一二四)无患子科Sapindaceae | 558丁癸草Zornia cantoniensis | 590多花勾儿茶Berchemia floribunda | |
522倒地铃Cardiospermum halicacabum | 591枳椇Hovenia dulcis | ||
(一三九)鼠李科Rhamnaceae | (一四八)伞形科Umbelliferae | (一五三)菊科Compositae | |
592钩刺雀梅藤Sageretia hamosa | 623水芹Oenanthe javanica | 658醴肠Eclipta prostrata | |
593雀梅藤Sageretia thea | 624卵叶水芹Oenanthe javanica | 659地胆草Elephantopus scaber | |
(一四〇)葡萄科Vitaceae | 625变豆菜Sanicula chinensis | 660白花地胆草Elephantopus tomentosus | |
594广东蛇葡萄Ampelopsis cantoniensis | 626直刺变豆菜Sanicula orthacantha | 661小一点红Emilia prenanthoidea | |
595蛇葡萄Ampelopsis glandulosa | 627窃衣Torilis scabra | 662一点红Emilia sonchifolia | |
596显齿蛇葡萄Ampelopsis grossedentata | (一四九)海桐花科Pittosporaceae | 663华泽兰Eupatorium chinense | |
597乌蔹莓Cayratia japonica | 628光叶海桐Pittosporum glabratum | 664泽兰Eupatorium japonicum | |
598地锦Parthenocissus tricuspidata | (一五〇)忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae | 665宽叶鼠麴草Gnaphalium adnatum | |
599三叶崖爬藤Tetrastigma nemsleyanum | 629荚蒾Viburnum dilatatum | 666鼠麴草Gnaphalium affine | |
600锈毛刺葡萄Vitis davidii | 630南方荚蒾Viburnum fordiae | 667泥胡菜Hemisteptia lyrata | |
601毛葡萄Vitis quinquangularis | 631蝴蝶荚蒾Viburnum plicatum | 668小苦荬Ixeridium dentatum | |
(一四一)檀香科Santalaceae | 632茶荚蒾Viburnum setigerum | 669细叶小苦荬Ixeridium gracile | |
602寄生藤Dendrotrophe var.ians | 633接骨草Sambucus javanica | 670山苦荬Ixeris chinensis | |
(一四二)桑寄生科Loranthaceae | 634忍冬Lonicera japonica | 671苦荬菜Ixeris denticulata | |
603桑寄生Taxillus sutchuenensis | (一五一)败酱科 Valerianaceae | 672马兰Kalimeris indica | |
604棱枝槲寄生Viscum diospyrosicola | 635败酱Patrinia scabiosifolia | 673翅果菊Pterocypsela indica | |
(一四三)蛇菰科Balanophoraceae | 636白花败酱Patrinia villosa | 674山莴苣Pterocypsella indica | |
605杯茎蛇菰Balanophora subcupularis | (一五二)桔梗科Campanulaceae | 675千里光Senecio scandens | |
(一四四)山茱萸科Cornaceae | 637羊乳Codonopsis lanceolata | 676毛梗豨莶Sigesbeckia glabrescens | |
606秀丽四照花Dendrobenthamia elegans | 638蓝花参Wahlenbergia marginata | 677豨莶Siegesbeckia orientalis | |
(一四五)蓝果树科Nyssaceae | 639半边莲Lobelia chinensis | 678腺梗豨莶Siegesbeckia pubescens | |
607喜树Camptotheca acuminata | 640线萼山梗菜Lobelia melliana | 679苦苣菜Sonchus oleraceus | |
608蓝果树Nyssa sinensis | 641铜锤玉带草Pratia nummularia | 680金钮扣Spilanthes paniculata | |
(一四六)八角枫科Alangiaceae | (一五三)菊科Compositae | 681毒根斑鸠菊Vernonia andersonii | |
609八角枫Alangium chinensis | 642金钮扣Acmella paniculata | 682夜香牛Vernonia cinerea | |
(一四七)五加科Araliaceae | 643下田菊Adenostemma lavenia | 683蟛蜞菊Wedelia chinensis | |
610楤木Aralia chinensis | 644杏香兔儿风Ainsliaea fragrans | 684苍耳Xanthium sibiricum | |
611黄毛楤木Aralia decaisneana | 645奇蒿Artemisia anomala | 685黄鹌菜Youngia japonica | |
612棘茎楤木Aralia echinocaulis | 646艾蒿Artemisia argyi | (一五四)木犀科Oleaceae | |
613树参Dendropanax dentiger | 647野艾蒿Artemisia lavandulaefolia | 686清香藤Jasminum lanceolaria | |
614白簕Eleutherococcus trifoliatus | 648微糙三脉紫菀Aster ageratoides | 687华清香藤Jasminum sinensis | |
615常春藤Hedera nepalensis | 649长叶紫菀Aster dolichophyllus | 688女贞Ligustrum lucidum | |
616短梗幌伞枫Heteropanax brevipedicellatus | 650鬼针草Bidens bipinnata | 689小蜡Ligustrum sinense | |
617穗序鹅掌柴Schefflera delavayi | 651金挖耳Carpesium divaricatum | 690牛矢果Osmanthus matsumuranus | |
618鹅掌柴Schefflera heptaphylla | 652鹅不食草Centipeda minima | (一五五)茜草科Rubiaceae | |
(一四八)伞形科Umbelliferae | 653大蓟Cirsium japonicum | 691水团花Adina pilulifera | |
619积雪草Centella asiatica | 654刺儿菜Cirsium segetum | 692细叶水团花Adina rubella | |
620天胡荽Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides | 655白酒草Conyza japonica | 693风箱树Cephalanthus occidentalis | |
621鸭儿芹Cryptotaenia japonica | 656野菊Dendranthema indicum | 694香楠Aidia canthioides | |
622短幅水芹Oenanthe benghalensis | 657鱼眼草Dichrocephala integrifolia | 695茜树Aidia cochinchinensis | |
(一五五)茜草科Rubiaceae | (一六一)醉鱼草科Buddlejaceae | (一六七)马鞭草科Verbenaceae | |
696猪殃殃Galium aparine | 732驳骨丹Buddleja asiatica | 767山牡荆Vitex quinata | |
697黄栀子Gardenia jasminoides | 733醉鱼草Buddleja lindeyanum | (一六八)唇形科Labiatae | |
698金毛耳草Hedyotis chrysotricha | (一六二)玄参科Scrophulariaceae | 768金疮小草Ajuga decumbens | |
699白花蛇舌草Hedyotis diffusa | 734胡麻草Centranthera cochinchinensis | 769风轮菜Clinopodium chinense | |
700牛白藤Hedyotis hedyotidea | 735抱茎石龙尾Limnophila connata | 770细风轮菜Clinopodium gracile | |
701剑叶耳草Hedyotis lancea | 736泥花草Lindernia antipoda | 771活血丹Glechoma grandis | |
702纤花耳草Hedyotis tenelliflora | 737细茎母草Lindernia caespitosa | 772益母草Leonurusartemisia | |
703粗叶木Lasianthus chinensis | 738旱田草Lindernia ruellioides | 773白花益母草Leonurus artemisia | |
704羊角藤Morinda umbellata | 739绵毛鹿茸草 Monochasma savatieri | 774凉粉草Mesona chinensis | |
705大叶白纸扇Mussaenda esquirolii | 740白花泡桐Paulownia fortunei | 775石香薷Mosla chinensis | |
706玉叶金花Mussaenda pubescens | 741华东泡桐Paulownia kawakamii | 776小鱼仙草Mosla dianthera | |
707日本蛇根草Ophiorrhiza japonica | 742阴行草Siphonostegia chinensis | 777石荠苧Mosla punctulata | |
708鸡矢藤Paederia scandens | 743腺毛阴行草Siphonostegia laeta | 778假糙苏Paraphlomis javanica | |
709九节木Psychotria rubra | 744独脚金Striga asiatica | 779紫苏Perilla frutescens | |
710匍匐九节木Psychotria serpens | 745婆婆纳Veronica didyma | 780野生紫苏Perilla frutescenst. var.acuta | |
711白花苦灯笼Tarenna mollissima | 746蚊母草Veronica peregrina | 781水珍珠菜Pogostemon auricularius | |
712流苏子Thysanospermum diffusum | 747水苦荬Veronica undulata | 782夏枯草Prunella vulgaris | |
713狗骨柴Tricalysia dubia | (一六三)列当科Orobanchaceae | 783白花夏枯草Prunella vulgaris.var.leucantha. | |
(一五六)夹竹桃科Apocynaceae | 748野菰Aeginetia indica | 784香茶菜Rabdosia amethystoides | |
714羊角拗Strophanthus divaricatus | (一六四)苦苣苔科Gesneriaceae | 785南丹参Salvia bowleyana | |
715络石Trachelospermum jasminoides | 749苦苣苔Conandron ramondioides | 786华鼠尾草Salvia chinensis | |
716酸叶胶藤Urceola rosea | (一六五)爵床科Acanthaceae | 787鼠尾草Salvia japonica | |
(一五七)萝藦科Asclepiadaceae | 750狗肝菜Dicliptera chinensis | 788荔枝草Salvia plebeia | |
717白薇Cynanchum atratum | 751水蓑衣Hygrophila salicifolia | 789四棱草Schnabelia oligophylla | |
718白前Cynanchum glaucescens | 752九头狮子草Peristrophe japonica | 790半枝莲Scutellaria barbata | |
719柳叶白前Cynanchum stautonii | 753爵床Rostellularia procumbens | 791印度黄芩Scutellaria indica | |
720匙羹藤Gymnema sylvestre | (一六六)车前科Plantaginaceae | 792缩茎韩信草Scutellaria indica | |
(一五八)茄科Solanaceae | 754车前Plantago asistica | 793水苏Stachys japonica | |
721枸杞Lycium chinense | (一六七)马鞭草科Verbenaceae | 794血见愁Teucriumviscidum | |
722白英Solanum lyratum | 755杜虹花Callicarpa formosana | (一六九)水马齿科Callitrichaceae | |
723龙葵Solanum nigrum | 756枇杷叶紫珠Callicarpa kochiana | 795水马齿Callitriche palustris | |
724少花龙葵Solanum photeinocarpum | 757兰香草Caryopteris incana | ||
(一五九)旋花科Convolvulaceae | 758臭牡丹Clerodendrum bungei | ||
725马蹄金Dichondra repens | 759大青Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum | ||
726旋花Calystegia sepium | 760白花灯笼Clerodendrum fortunatum | ||
727土丁桂Evolvulus alsinoides | 761桢桐Clerodendrum japonicum | ||
728菟丝子Cuscuta chinensis | 762海通Clerodendrum mandarinorum | ||
729金灯藤Cuscuta japonica | 763豆腐柴Premna microphylla | ||
(一六〇)紫草科Boraginaceae | 764马鞭草Verbena officinalis | ||
730厚壳树Ehretia thyrsiflora | 765黄荆Vitex negundo. | ||
731附地菜Trigonotis peduncularis | 766牡荆Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia |
表2 中山河国家湿地公园维管植物数量统计Table 2 Number of vascular plants in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
类型 | 科 | 属 | 种 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
数量/科 | 百分比/% | 数量/属 | 百分比/% | 数量/种 | 百分比/% | ||
蕨类植物 | 35 | 20.71 | 57 | 11.56 | 84 | 10.57 | |
裸子植物 | 6 | 3.55 | 7 | 1.42 | 7 | 0.88 | |
被子植物 | 双子叶植物 | 108 | 63.91 | 332 | 67.34 | 550 | 69.18 |
单子叶植物 | 20 | 11.83 | 97 | 19.68 | 154 | 19.37 | |
合计 | 169 | 100 | 493 | 100 | 795 | 100 |
表3 中山河国家湿地公园维管植物科的分级及组成Table 3 Classification and composition of vascular plants families in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
分级 | 科 | 属 | 种 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
科数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 种数 | 百分比/% | |
大型科(≥30种)) | 2 | 1.18 | 84 | 17.04 | 128 | 16.10 |
中等科(20~29种) | 5 | 2.96 | 71 | 14.40 | 129 | 16.23 |
小型科(10~19种) | 11 | 6.51 | 66 | 13.39 | 141 | 17.73 |
寡种科(2~9种) | 91 | 53.85 | 212 | 43.00 | 337 | 42.39 |
单种科(1种) | 60 | 35.50 | 60 | 12.17 | 60 | 7.55 |
合计 | 169 | 100 | 493 | 100 | 795 | 100 |
表4 中山河国家湿地公园不同科维管植物属、种的数量及占比Table 4 Number and proportion of genera and species of vascular plants belonging to different families in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
科名 | 属数 | 占总属数的 百分比/% | 种数 | 占总种数的 百分比/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
禾本科 | 55 | 11.16 | 84 | 10.57 |
菊科 | 29 | 5.88 | 44 | 5.53 |
樟科 | 7 | 1.42 | 28 | 3.52 |
豆科 | 22 | 4.46 | 28 | 3.52 |
唇形科 | 16 | 3.25 | 27 | 3.40 |
茜草科 | 14 | 2.84 | 23 | 2.89 |
蔷薇科 | 12 | 2.43 | 23 | 2.89 |
蓼科 | 5 | 1.01 | 16 | 2.01 |
大戟科 | 8 | 1.62 | 15 | 1.89 |
玄参科 | 9 | 1.83 | 14 | 1.76 |
百合科 | 7 | 1.42 | 14 | 1.76 |
桑科 | 5 | 1.01 | 14 | 1.76 |
马鞭草科 | 6 | 1.22 | 13 | 1.64 |
水龙骨科 | 9 | 1.83 | 12 | 1.51 |
莎草科 | 7 | 1.42 | 12 | 1.51 |
壳斗科 | 3 | 0.61 | 11 | 1.38 |
紫金牛科 | 4 | 0.81 | 10 | 1.26 |
鳞毛蕨科 | 3 | 0.61 | 10 | 1.26 |
合计 | 221 | 44.83 | 398 | 50.06 |
表5 中山河国家湿地公园维管植物属的分级及组成Table 5 Classification and composition of vascular plant genera in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
分级 | 属 | 种 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
属数 | 百分比/% | 种数 | 百分比/% | |
中型属(6~10种) | 8 | 1.62 | 59 | 7.42 |
寡种属(2~5种) | 144 | 29.21 | 395 | 49.69 |
单种属(1种) | 341 | 69.17 | 341 | 42.89 |
合计 | 493 | 100 | 795 | 100 |
表6 中山河国家湿地公园外来入侵植物名录Table 6 List of invasive plant in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
科名 | 物种名称 | 原产地 | 科名 | 物种名称 | 原产地 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
商陆科 | 美洲商陆Phytolacca americana | 北美洲 | 大戟科 | 蓖麻Ricinus communis | 非洲东北部 |
马齿苋科 | 土人参Talinum paniculatum | 美洲热带 | 飞扬草Euphorbia hirta | 热带非洲 | |
苋科 | 空心莲子草lternanthera philoxeroides | 巴西 | 酢浆草科 | 红花酢浆草Oxalis corymbosa | 美洲热带 |
刺苋Amaranthus spinosus | 美洲热带 | 菊科 | 藿香蓟Ageratum conyzoides | 墨西哥及邻近 | |
野苋Amaranthus tricolor | 印度 | 白花鬼针草Bidens pilosa | 南美热带 | ||
藜科 | 土荆芥Dysphania ambrosioides | 美洲热带 | 小飞蓬Erigeron canadensis | 北美洲 | |
天南星科 | 大薸Pistia stratiotes | 巴西 | 野茼蒿Crassocephalum crepidioides | 非洲热带 | |
禾本科 | 野燕麦Avena fatua | 南欧地中海 | 牛膝菊Galinsoga parviflora | 南美洲 | |
铺地黍Panicum repens | 巴西 | 一年蓬Erigeron annuus | 北美洲 | ||
棕叶狗尾草Setaria palmifolia | 非洲 | 旋花科 | 裂叶牵牛Pharbitis nil | 热带美洲 | |
十字花科 | 北美独行菜Lepidium virginicum | 北美洲 | 玄参科 | 野甘草Scoparia dulcis | 美洲热带 |
锦葵科 | 赛葵Malvastrum coromandelianum | 美洲热带 | 阿拉伯婆婆纳Veronica persica | 欧洲及西亚 | |
豆科 | 望江南Senna occidentalis | 热带美洲 |
表7 中山河国家湿地公园维管植物科、属的分布区类型及数量Table 7 Distribution types and numbers of vascular plants families and genera in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park |
分布区类型 | 科 | 属 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
科数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | |
1世界广布 | 65 | - | 67 | - |
2泛热带分布 | 56 | 53.85 | 137 | 32.16 |
3热带亚洲及热带南美间断分布 | 10 | 9.61 | 18 | 4.23 |
4旧世界热带分布 | 4 | 3.85 | 36 | 8.46 |
5热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 | 4 | 3.85 | 20 | 4.69 |
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 | 0 | 0.00 | 19 | 4.46 |
7热带亚洲分布 | 1 | 0.96 | 51 | 11.97 |
8北温带分布 | 18 | 17.31 | 53 | 12.44 |
9东亚及北美间断分布 | 7 | 6.73 | 24 | 5.63 |
10 旧世界温带分布 | 1 | 0.96 | 16 | 3.76 |
11 温带亚洲分布 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.70 |
14 东亚分布 | 3 | 2.88 | 42 | 9.86 |
15 中国特有 | 0 | 0.00 | 7 | 1.64 |
合计 | 169 | 100 | 493 | 100 |
注:-表示科和属的百分比统计不计世界广布型。 |
表8 中山河国家湿地公园与邻近湿地植物属的分布区类型比较Table 8 Comparison of distribution types of plant genera between the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park and adjacent wetlands |
分布区类型 | 乳源南水 湖湿地 | 海宁长水 塘湿地 | 闽江河 口湿地 | 武平中山 河湿地 | 遂川五斗 江湿地 | 界首两 湾湿地 | 荔浦荔 江湿地 | 永顺猛洞 河湿地 | 溆浦思 蒙湿地 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | 属数 | 百分比/% | |
2 | 177 | 36.80 | 34 | 34.00 | 126 | 54.54 | 137 | 32.16 | 67 | 28.51 | 36 | 31.58 | 99 | 33.79 | 72 | 18.32 | 102 | 22.82 |
3 | 19 | 3.95 | 2 | 2.00 | 10 | 4.33 | 18 | 4.23 | 5 | 2.13 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1.71 | 21 | 5.34 | 21 | 4.70 |
4 | 47 | 9.77 | 3 | 3.00 | 17 | 7.36 | 36 | 8.46 | 18 | 7.66 | 4 | 3.51 | 33 | 11.26 | 23 | 5.85 | 35 | 7.83 |
5 | 28 | 5.82 | 6 | 6.00 | 21 | 9.09 | 20 | 4.69 | 10 | 4.25 | 3 | 2.63 | 14 | 4.78 | 14 | 3.56 | 12 | 2.68 |
6 | 27 | 5.61 | 5 | 5.00 | 7 | 3.03 | 19 | 4.46 | 3 | 1.28 | 3 | 2.63 | 13 | 4.44 | 13 | 3.31 | 17 | 3.80 |
7 | 58 | 12.06 | 5 | 5.00 | 10 | 4.33 | 51 | 11.97 | 20 | 8.51 | 4 | 3.51 | 28 | 9.56 | 36 | 9.16 | 45 | 10.07 |
8 | 40 | 8.32 | 21 | 21.00 | 18 | 7.79 | 53 | 12.44 | 42 | 17.87 | 32 | 28.07 | 42 | 14.33 | 65 | 16.54 | 83 | 18.57 |
9 | 24 | 4.99 | 3 | 3.00 | 4 | 1.73 | 24 | 5.63 | 21 | 8.94 | 8 | 7.02 | 17 | 5.80 | 37 | 9.41 | 36 | 8.05 |
10 | 18 | 3.74 | 3 | 3.00 | 7 | 3.03 | 16 | 3.76 | 16 | 6.81 | 12 | 10.53 | 12 | 4.10 | 29 | 7.38 | 25 | 5.59 |
11 | 2 | 0.41 | 5 | 5.00 | 2 | 0.87 | 3 | 0.70 | 6 | 2.55 | 1 | 0.88 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.76 | 4 | 0.89 |
12 | 1 | 0.21 | 1 | 1.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 1.75 | 1 | 0.34 | 7 | 1.78 | 4 | 0.89 |
13 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 1.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
14 | 39 | 8.11 | 9 | 9.00 | 7 | 3.03 | 42 | 9.86 | 24 | 10.21 | 9 | 7.89 | 26 | 8.87 | 61 | 15.52 | 56 | 12.53 |
15 | 1 | 0.21 | 2 | 2.00 | 2 | 0.87 | 7 | 1.64 | 3 | 1.28 | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 1.02 | 12 | 3.05 | 7 | 1.57 |
R/T值 | 2.87 | 2.04 | 5.03 | 2.04 | 1.13 | 0.78 | 1.96 | 0.89 | 1.12 |
注:分布区类型的编号同表7。 |
表9 中山河国家湿地公园与邻近湿地植物区系综合系数Table 9 Comprehensive coefficient of the flora in the Zhongshan River National Wetland Park and adjacent wetlands |
湿地名称 | 地理坐标 | 科数 | 属数 | 种数 | 科的系数 | 属的系数 | 种的系数 | 综合系数 | 排序 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
广东乳源南水湖湿地 | 113°08′01″E~113°12′30″E 24°39′45″N~24°58′57″N | 177 | 585 | 973 | 0.360 | 0.542 | 0.657 | 1.560 | 2 |
浙江海宁长水塘湿地 | 120°41′30″E~120°42′26″E 30°32′31″N~30°35′07″N | 83 | 186 | 232 | -0.362 | -0.510 | -0.605 | -1.477 | 8 |
福建闽江河口湿地 | 119°05′36″E~119°41′05″E 25°57′25″N~26°09′42″N | 109 | 294 | 408 | -0.162 | -0.225 | -0.305 | -0.692 | 7 |
福建武平中山河湿地 | 116°00'05" E~116°06'38" E 24°51'26"N~25°08'23" N | 169 | 493 | 795 | 0.299 | 0.300 | 0.354 | 0.952 | 3 |
江西遂川五斗江湿地 | 114°19′02″E~114°33′25″E 26°29′40″~26°37′25″ | 108 | 286 | 450 | -0.170 | -0.246 | -0.234 | -0.650 | 6 |
安徽界首两湾湿地 | 115°26′21″E~115°30′57″E 33°00′44″N~33°02′50″N | 59 | 150 | 216 | -0.547 | -0.605 | -0.632 | -1.783 | 9 |
广西荔浦荔江湿地 | 110°13′23″E~110°22′32″E 24°22′44″N~24°29′06″N | 132 | 357 | 493 | 0.015 | -0.059 | -0.160 | -0.205 | 5 |
湖南永顺猛洞河湿地 | 109°40'08"E~109°50'52"E 28°59'20" N~29°15'03" N | 149 | 472 | 710 | 0.145 | 0.244 | 0.209 | 0.599 | 4 |
湖南溆浦思蒙湿地 | 110°22′38″E~110°34′23″E 27°49′17″N~27°54′08″N | 185 | 591 | 1 008 | 0.422 | 0.558 | 0.717 | 1.696 | 1 |
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