New quality productive forces (NQPF), which integrates new factors, models, and efficiency gains, emerges as a new paradigm for resolving the developmental challenges faced by resource-based cities. This study employs a Super-SBM model incorporating undesirable outputs to measure the industrial transformation level of China's resource-based cities from 2008 to 2023, using green development efficiency as the core indicator. Utilizing a panel regression model, it investigates the mechanisms through which new quality factors—such as technological innovation, high-quality talent, and intelligent equipment—drive industrial transformation in these cities. The research findings reveal that: (1) New quality factors drive industrial transformation through dual pathways: revitalizing existing industries and fostering substitute industries, with the latter demonstrating a stronger effect. (2) Factor-driven empowerment exhibits significant heterogeneity: coal-dependent cities prioritize talent-driven strategies, while low-income cities rely more heavily on technological innovation. (3) Both pollution case penalties and technical funding support can regulate the mechanism by which new quality factors indirectly affect industrial transformation. Based on these findings, the study proposes three pathways for resource-based cities to leverage new quality factors: expanding the penetration scope of highly versatile factors, dismantling barriers to highly specialized factors, and establishing tailored factor empowerment strategies. This research provides a scientific foundation and policy references for tailoring new quality elements to local conditions to advance industrial transformation.

Previous research has predominantly analyzed the drivers of greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural production stage, while fewer studies have conducted a life-cycle analysis of carbon emission drivers in the agri-food system from both production and consumption perspectives. This study, utilizing data from the FAO database, National Bureau of Statistics, and the Global Environment Multi-Regional Input-Output model, constructed a database of carbon emissions from China's agri-food system at both the production and consumption ends from 1990 to 2022. Building on this, the research comprehensively applied the Tapio decoupling model and the LMDI model to analyze the driving factors of carbon emissions in China's agri-food system over the past 30+ years from this dual perspective. The results show that after 2015, a significant turning point emerged in the agri-food system's carbon emissions. Concurrently, the decoupling status of carbon emissions from economic growth shifted from weak decoupling to strong decoupling. Economic development level was identified as the primary driving factor for emissions, accounting for over 90% of the cumulative contribution. From the production end: The decline in carbon emissions per unit of output value was the most significant emission reduction factor, contributing approximately 78% historically. However, in recent years, the declining share of the agri-food system's output value resulting from industrial restructuring has become the key driver of emission reduction, contributing over 50%. From the consumption end: Historically, factors promoting emission reduction included rising food prices, declining Engel's coefficient, decreasing share of household consumption, falling carbon emissions per unit of food consumption, and a decreasing final consumption rate. Among these, the reduction in carbon emissions per unit of food consumption has become the most important factor, accounting for 31.43% during 2018-2021. A dual strategy targeting both the production and consumption ends should be implemented. This can be achieved by optimizing the agri-food supply chain and promoting its green transformation through measures such as green technology R&D, industrial structure optimization, and supportive policy guidance.

Urban development and construction is a major driver of cultivated land loss. Based on the panel data of 277 prefecture-level cities from 2000 to 2022, this paper employs spatio-temporal analysis to reveal the evolving relationship between urbanization and the "trinity" protection of cultivated land. Furthermore, it utilizes a two-way fixed effect model to empirically analyze the total and sub-effects of urbanization on this protection framework. It also explores the differences in the impact effects from the perspective of land, population and economic urbanization. The results show that: (1) During the study period, the urbanization level of all cities increased annually. Spatially, the distribution exhibited a distinct pattern characterized by higher levels in the east than in the west, continuous development along the coast versus isolated growth points for inland areas, and higher concentrations in provincial capitals compared to other cities. The level of cultivated land "trinity" protection shows an inverted N-shaped fluctuation over time, while its spatial pattern evolved from an initial unipolar pattern structure to a north-south dual-core configuration. The cold spots of the two clusters always coincide highly in the western region, while their hot spot clusters exhibit a dynamic seesaw relationship in space. (2) Urbanization exerts a significant overall negative impact on the "trinity" protection of cultivated land. Specifically, it leads to a reduction in both the quantity and quality of cultivated land. (3) Land urbanization leads to a decline in the level of cultivated land "trinity" protection, while, in contrast, population urbanization enhances it. (4) The heterogeneity analysis reveals that the negative impact of urbanization on the "trinity" protection of cultivated land is significantly stronger in major grain-producing areas and in cities with more favorable natural conditions for farming. Within the context of high-quality development, our findings offer theoretical and empirical support for advancing new urbanization and strengthening comprehensive cultivated land protection.

Urban tourismification serves as a comprehensive indicator of urban modernization transformation and connotative development, as well as a strategic pivot for accelerating industry-city integration and enhancing people's well-being. Using panel data from 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2023, this study empirically investigates the impact mechanism of urban tourismification on people's well-being by employing two-way fixed effects, mediation effect, panel threshold, and spatial Durbin models. The results indicate that: (1) Urban tourismification significantly enhances people's well-being overall, primarily through industrial structure effects and labor productivity effects. (2) Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the well-being effect of tourismification is more prominent in upstream regions and intermediate-type cities, while city size exerts a negative moderating effect. Threshold regression further confirms a nonlinear characteristic of diminishing marginal benefits. (3) Spatial effects demonstrate complexity: under geographical adjacency and distance matrices, a siphon effect is observed, whereas the spillover effect is not significant under the economic-geographic nested matrix. The spatial impact of urban tourismification follows a differentiated pattern that is "suppression at short distances, enhancement at medium distances, and fluctuation at long distances" as distance varies. This study provides theoretical and empirical evidence for understanding the complex relationship between urban tourismification and people's well-being, offering policy insights for promoting high-quality regional tourism development and urban modernization transformation.

This study systematically investigates the impact of industrial tourism resource development to provide strategic guidance for achieving high-quality urban development in the Third Front regions. From a spatial perspective, it constructs a theoretical framework that elucidates the mechanism through which industrial tourism resource development influences high-quality urban development in these regions. Subsequently, spatial econometric models are applied to empirically assess the direct effects and spatial spillover effects of industrial tourism resource development on high-quality urban development during 2011-2022. The results reveal that: (1) Industrial tourism resource development in the Third Front regions demonstrates an upward trend. Nevertheless, the overall level of development remains relatively low. From a spatial perspective, the development of industrial tourism resources is distinctly characterized by a strong influence from cities with higher administrative status. (2) The level of high-quality urban development in the Third Front regions has steadily increased year by year, and the overall absolute disparity in regional high-quality development has decreased. However, the gap in high-quality development between cities in the Third Front regions has widened, giving rise to a paradoxical situation: overall absolute disparities show a risk of narrowing, while relative disparities between cities are becoming entrenched. From a spatial perspective, high-quality urban development in the Third Front regions exhibits a pattern of higher levels in the southeast and lower levels in the southwest. (3) Industrial tourism resource development directly contributes to the enhancement of high-quality development in local cities. However, industrial tourism resource development does not exhibit significant spatial spillover effects on the high-quality development of adjacent cities. Meanwhile, industrial tourism resource development exhibits varying degrees of direct influence across the dimensions of high-quality urban development, ranked in a descending order as follows: innovation-driven development, livelihood development, green development, and economic development. (4) The impact of industrial tourism resource development on high-quality urban development in the Third Front regions exhibits pronounced regional heterogeneity. The direct effects are more substantial in the western region compared to the central region, and in the northern region relative to the southern region. Notably, industrial tourism resource development in both the western and southern regions generates negative spatial spillover effects on the high-quality development of neighboring cities. In contrast, the eastern region is characterized by indirect effects that are significantly stronger than direct effects.

While promoting rural economic development, rural tourism also results in ecological imbalance. How to define the connotation of the "production-living-ecological" (PLE) spaces in rural tourism destinations, and clarify their evolution process and mechanism have become key issues that need to be urgently addressed. Based on methods such as in-depth interviews and ArcGIS spatial analysis, this study takes Gaochun district of Nanjing as an example, identifies the PLE spatial patterns across multiple periods, and summarizes their spatial connotations and typical spatial types. The research findings are as follows: (1) In terms of connotation cognition: The functions of land use have changed. It is mainly manifested in the landscaping and leisure-oriented development of production spaces, the sharing and multi-functional development of living spaces, and the commercialization and valuation of ecological spaces, and the trend of land space compounding has become increasingly prominent. (2) In terms of the evolution process: The evolution of PLE spaces generally shows a trend of optimized expansion and strong compounding, with obvious spatial optimization and agglomeration trends. (3) In terms of the evolution mechanism: Based on the schematic diagram of areas with drastic functional changes, land use analysis, and coding results, we analyzed the evolution mechanism. The study found that tourism disturbance, combined with factors like government policy, external capital, market demand, natural resources, resident behavior, and resident preference and attitude, drives the original PLE spaces toward composite and synergistic development. This study, from the micro-perspective of rural tourism destinations, explores the connotation and evolution mechanism of PLE spaces, constructs a theoretical framework suitable for the micro-scale, and enriches the research content related to PLE spaces. It also helps the government clarify spatial forms and type combinations, thereby providing scientific guidance for spatial planning and industrial restructuring in rural tourism destinations, thus contributing to their sustainable development and enhanced spatial governance.

Building a modern tourism industry system is an important support for promoting the high-quality, stable, and long-term development of the tourism industry and advancing the construction of a tourism powerhouse. This paper constructs an indicator system for measuring the development level of the modern tourism industry system from the perspectives of fairness, safety, innovation, sustainability, and integration. Using analysis methods such as entropy method, spatial autocorrelation, Markov transition matrix, and panel regression model, this study reveals the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics, evolution patterns, and influencing factors of the development level of China's modern tourism industry system from 2013 to 2022, and puts forward the development path of promoting and improving China's modern tourism system. The results show that: (1) From 2013 to 2022, China's modern tourism system achieved significant overall development, with a clear regional disparity showing a descending gradient from the eastern, central, northeastern to western regions. (2) China's modern tourism system exhibits spatial heterogeneity in development levels, demonstrating a southeast-to-northwest declining gradient. Generally, it has undergone an intensifying spatial agglomeration process, while locally, it reveals distinct clustering patterns, "high-high" and "low-low" agglomerations. The spatial transition of tourism development levels is influenced by neighboring provincial-level regions (hereafter provinces). Provinces at medium-low, relatively high, and high levels all exhibit an evolutionary pattern of "strengthened by strong neighbors, and resilient despite weak neighbors". (3) Economic development strength, transportation infrastructure, government policy regulation, digital technology level, and the degree of openness to the outside world are significant factors influencing the development level of China's modern tourism industry system. (4) To advance and improve the modern tourism industry system in China, it is essential to adopt strategies, leveraging the radiating effect of developed cities, building a fast-travel and slow-tourism connectivity network, strengthening policy support in key areas, promoting the innovative application of digital technologies, and expanding international openness and cooperation. This approach will position tourism as a new strategic pillar and a distinctive livelihood industry, thereby enhancing public well-being.

As China advances its path toward Chinese modernization, population and resource issues serve as foundational, overarching, and strategic topics that span economic and social development. The structural transformation of the population presents new challenges to the logic of resource allocation, the mechanisms driving development, and the effectiveness of governance. At present, population decline, rapid aging, and low fertility rates are converging, marking a shift in population development from "quantity-driven" phase to "structural restructuring" phase. This paper, centered on the theme of "high-quality development of population and resources", draws on insights from scholars across relevant disciplines to examine key issues such as the transition of demographic structure and migration patterns, resource adaptation and optimization, and technology-enabled governance. Based on their viewpoints, three core strategies are summarized: (1) establishing a systematic response framework to coordinate demographic optimization with resource allocation; (2) leveraging big data and artificial intelligence to enhance the intelligence level of population and resource monitoring and governance; and (3) advancing institutional innovation to overcome barriers related to household registration, social welfare, and regional disparities, thereby building an inclusive system serving for the general resident population. Experts broadly agree that a systems-thinking approach integrating diverse policy tools is essential. A paradigm shift in population governance, from passive regulation to proactive adaptation, should be driven by both technological support and institutional innovation. Building a sustainable, equitable, and efficient system for coordinated development of population and resources is key to address the challenges of population structure transformation and achieve high-quality development.

Reconstruction of regional land use/land cover changes not only provides scientific data for climate change and ecological effect simulations but also enriches and improves global datasets with regional references. By examining and analyzing historical records on manor cropland from 800 to 1583, cropland measurements from 1583 to 1872, cropland surveys from 1872 to 2000, and population estimations and surveys from 800 to 2000 in Japan, this study reconstructs the national and regional cropland area in Japan over the past millennium and at eight representative time points, respectively. Then the temporal and spatial variations of cropland in Japan were analyzed. The results are shown as follows: (1) During the manor system period (800-1583), per capita cropland area of Japan was approximately 0.31 hm², with agricultural population constituting about 80% of the total population. In the period of the Kokudaka-based feudal system (1583-1872), paddy and dry fields accounted for approximately 60% and 40% of the total cropland areas, respectively. And the standard yield of rice per 0.1 hm² was 1.2 koku for paddy fields and 0.8 koku for dry fields, respectively. The unit "koku" is a traditional Japanese measure of rice, with 1 koku equivalent to approximately 30 kg of rice. (2) Over the past millennium, the total cropland area of the whole study area experienced four phases: slow increase (800-1338), gradual decrease (1338-1598), rapid growth (1598-1940), and sharp decline (1940-2000). At the regional scale, the overall trend in cropland area of the study area was similar, though there were significant regional differences. Spatial distribution patterns show that, over the past millennium, cropland in Japan was primarily concentrated in the Kinki, Kanto, and Chubu regions, with a trend of gradual expansion from the central region to the south and northeast. (3) The relative discrepancy rates of the total cropland area from the HYDE 3.2 and PJ datasets for 1200-1880 compared to the reconstruction results of this study are -37% to -70% and -69% to -90%, respectively. The study shows that per capita cropland area of Japan declined from 0.31 hm² to 0.12 hm² during the study period, while the HYDE 3.2 and PJ datasets report per capita cropland areas of approximately 0.06 hm² and 0.03 hm², respectively.

As a key institutional arrangement for advancing the rural revitalization strategy, the current operational framework of the collectively-owned land use regulation system consists of a supervision mechanism for formulation and implementation, as well as a compensation mechanism for benefit distribution. However, this operational framework has encountered practical challenges that fail to align with the unique spatial use characteristics and property rights features of collectively-owned land. The theoretical framework of land development rights, originating from the West, can serve as a key tool for solving practical problems in the current collectively-owned land use regulation system. Based on the meaning and role of land development rights under China's collectively-owned land ownership system, the land development rights are applied to the special spatial use and property rights characteristics of collectively-owned land, and the theoretical framework for solving practical problems is constructed. Based on this, the collectively-owned land use regulation logic is proposed, which consists of two parts: the first is collectively-owned land use regulation logic of establishment, implementation and supervision based on government restrictions on land development rights; the second is the collectively-owned land use regulation logic of compensation and distribution of benefits based on the realization of land ownership and use rights. This study advances a framework to optimize the spatial valuation of rural land and facilitate efficient factor allocation, thereby empowering farmers to achieve sustained income growth and common prosperity, and critical steps toward realizing the strategic goal of rural revitalization.

High-tech industry agglomeration, as an important way to generate innovation activities, is of great significance in boosting the cross-regional synergistic development of green innovation in the Yellow River Basin. This study adopts standard deviation ellipse, Gini coefficient and spatial measurement model to analyze the spatial evolution, spatial gap, spatial correlation and effect of high-tech industry agglomeration and green innovation cooperation in the perspective of geography. The study found that (1) in the Yellow River Basin, the specialized agglomeration and diversified agglomeration of high-tech industry are rapidly increasing, low specialized agglomeration-low diversified agglomeration-low green innovation cooperation is the main type of cities in the basin, the synergistic development of high-tech industry agglomeration and green innovation still needs to be deepened. (2) The spatial polarization and path dependence of green innovation cooperation is obvious, with Xi'an and Qingdao are relatively leading, and the intercity green innovation cooperation network being multipolar, clustered, proximate and jumping. (3) The heterogeneity of the relationship between specialized agglomeration of high-tech industry, diversified agglomeration of high-tech industry and green innovation cooperation, with specialized agglomeration promoting green innovation cooperation, while diversified agglomeration and green innovation cooperation have a U-shaped non-linear relationship, and there are variations in different cooperation modes and industry segments. In addition, the spatial spillover effect is significant, which is conducive to promoting green innovation cooperation in adjacent areas.

Based on the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method and drawing on data from 1166 households and 5041 plots in Sichuan province, this study investigates the impact of high-standard farmland construction on farmland transfer from the dual perspectives of plot governance and household decision-making. The findings are as follows: (1) At the plot level, high-standard farmland construction significantly promotes land transfer, with field consolidation, infrastructure development, and post-construction management playing notable roles. Larger plots with convenient locations and flat terrain are more likely to be transferred. (2) At the household level, high-standard farmland construction also significantly facilitates land transfer, with field consolidation and infrastructure development being particularly influential. This positive effect is significant across households of different operational scales and degrees of off-farm employment. (3) Interaction analysis reveals that large-scale farmers show stronger transfer effects for large plots, nearby plots and non-plain plots, while highly off-farm-employed households prefer small and nearby plots but exhibit weaker effects; in contrast, households with low off-farm employment generally benefit. The study suggests that high-standard farmland construction should be steadily advanced, along with improvements to the matching support system between households and land plots, in order to revitalize the farmland transfer market.

Given that the coupling of geographic and network agglomeration in industries is crucial to high-quality economic development, this paper uses the strategic emerging industries in the Liuhe District of Nanjing as a case study. It utilizes enterprise value evaluation system, enterprise chain network model, coupling coordination model, and GTWR model to explore the characteristics of geographic-network agglomeration and its coupling influence mechanism. The results of the study are as follows: (1) Geographic agglomeration relies on 'development zones + industrial parks + research institutions + commercial districts', presenting a spatial pattern of park concentration. Advanced equipment manufacturing industry and energy-saving environmental protection industry show an obvious geographic agglomeration characteristic, while the new energy vehicle industry maintains a weak agglomeration trend. Network connections are concentrated at the town and district spatial scales, exhibiting a "one core, multiple points" spatial agglomeration pattern, with the Liuhe central urban area leading the construction of both internal and external networks. (2) The number of moderate and high coupled geographic-network agglomeration spaces has increased year by year, tending towards the main urban area of Liuhe District. Zhuzhen Town presents a 'point-like diffusion' pattern, while other streets are in a low coupling state due to mismatched or weak development in geographic and network agglomeration. (3) Innovation and R&D, life services, advanced production services, advanced manufacturing, and intra-regional connections show a strong positive effect on the coupling of geographic-network agglomeration. Among these, advanced production services and intra-regional industrial connections have a stronger spatial promotion effect on areas outside the main urban area of Liuhe District. And the spatial promotion effect of advanced manufacturing and innovative research and development is stronger in the central urban area of Liuhe District. In conclusion, this paper constructs a research framework for the spatial interaction of geographic-network agglomeration in strategic emerging industries. It discusses the complementary effects of geographic-network agglomeration at the micro-scale in positive externalities and reveals the spatial interaction logic between geographic agglomeration and network connections of emerging industries.

The 'compensation to comprehensive occupation' system (CCOS), which is characterized by rigid regulations, serves as a crucial policy for China to enforce the redline mandate for farmland conservation and reinforce the foundation of national food security. Exploring effective incentive measures is essential to stimulate the willingness of entities' responsibilities for compensating farmland and ensure its stable use. Based on Williamson's social science analytical framework and situational analysis methodology, this study aims to compare the practices of transfer of development right domestically and internationally, additionally, interpret its underlying logic in various scenarios, and propose an optimization system by capturing the value derived from the transfer of farmland development right (TFDR). The results show that: (1) Similar to the international TDR, the CCOS in China is a farmland conservation policy tool based on the TFDR. Their similarities and differences exist in institutional environment, governance structure, and resource allocation. (2) Under different scenarios within the CCOS, when farmland development rights are either transferred and realized in the occupied area or restored in the compensated area, the entities' responsibilities for compensated farmland should obtain the license fee for the TFDR or be compensated for revenue losses due to farmland appreciation, respectively. (3) Optimizing the CCOS should be guided by three key aspects. Firstly, the property rights subjects should be clearly defined to establish a property rights foundation for capturing and allocating value increments from the TFDR. Secondly, governance structure should aim to construct a hybrid governance framework integrating government supervision and market mechanism for the TFDR. Thirdly, allocation efficiency improvement requires the establishment of a system combining responsibility constraints and economic incentives for allocating the supplementary farmland. Optimizing the CCOS through the TFDR is an effective strategy to promote farmland conservation through economic incentives. The research findings offer theoretical and practical references for improving the farmland conservation policies and incentivizing the supplementary farmland providers.

As an important approach to managing cropland abandonment, cropland transfer warrants an in-depth examination of its effectiveness. This study utilized a dataset from the hilly and mountainous areas of Sichuan province and applied Probit, IV-Probit, and other models at the land plot level to analyze the impact of cropland transfer on cropland abandonment and explored the family and land plot heterogeneity of the effect. The results showed that: (1) Cropland transfer significantly restrained cropland abandonment, with a 1% increase in cropland transfer participation rate decreasing the probability of cropland abandonment by 23.2%. (2) Family heterogeneity analysis showed that cropland transfer had a stronger abandonment-suppressing effect on families with lower agricultural population aging and those engaged in non-agricultural employment. (3) Land plot heterogeneity analysis revealed that cropland transfer had a more pronounced abandonment-reducing effect on remote land plots, large land plots, and sloped land plots. It is recommended to enhance the effectiveness of cropland transfer in curbing cropland abandonment through improved cropland transfer security mechanisms, targeted subsidy support, and land consolidation policies.

Under the background of deepening the integration of the Yangtze River Delta, regional industrial pollution control is increasingly moving towards networking. The overall improvement of regional industrial pollution control efficiency is influenced by its spatial network structure. Based on panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region from 2011 to 2022, this paper uses the super SBM-DEA model to measure the industrial pollution control efficiency and visualize its spatio-temporal evolutionary characteristics. Furthermore, the imput-output-efficiency classification is used to analyze the differences in industrial pollution control among cities. On this basis, through the social network analysis, the structural characteristics of the spatial correlation network for industrial pollution control in the YRD are recognized, while the driving factors of the spatial correlation network are explored. The results show that: (1) From 2011 to 2022, the temporal change of the industrial pollution control level in the study area presents a fluctuating upward trend, with its spatial distribution showing a pattern of high efficiency cities as the mainstay and low efficiency cities distributed in contiguous areas. The spatial agglomeration degree and spatial disparity of industrial pollution control efficiency is gradually weakening, and the spatial dependence is not stable. (2) In the spatial correlation network of industrial pollution control efficiency in the YRD, the “human” shaped area formed by the Taizhou-Tongling line and the Taizhou-Shaoxing line is the backbone of the network, and the connections within provinces are the branches. The network structure characteristics tend to be stable and the hierarchical structure is not strict. (3) The Yangtze River Delta can be divided into four major sectors based on the network position. The isolation between each sector is strong, and the internal connections within the sectors dominate the correlation relationships. (4) The formation of the spatial correlation network is greatly influenced by geographical location and economic development level, and is also significantly affected by differences in industrial structure, foreign direct investment scale and command-and-control environmental regulation intensity during the development process.

Developing a scientifically grounded regionally-balanced pricing mechanism for rural homestead compensation is essential to resolve spatial inequities in withdrawal compensation. Based on the utility theory of regional economics, a regional "ecological economic" land coordination compensation mechanism for rural homestead withdrawal was constructed, and a new round of homestead reform pilot city, Peixian county, Xuzhou city, was taken as the research object. Numerical analysis methods were used for quantitative analysis and empirical testing. The results indicate that: (1) The compensation pricing mechanism for rural homestead withdrawal based on regional "economic ecological" land coordination balances fairness and efficiency, and balances the interest conflicts of stakeholders in different functional areas within the regional scope during the process of homestead withdrawal. (2) From the perspective of regional synergy, when rural homesteads within a region are converted to ecological land types, an additional economic compensation of 145.65 yuan per unit area can be obtained for the withdrawal of homesteads. The main payer is the region where the homesteads are withdrawn and converted to economic land types. (3) From the perspective of regional coordination, the additional compensation amount obtained when rural homesteads are transformed into ecological land can be offset by the value-added income from the exit of rural homesteads and the transformation into economic land. Rural homesteads undergoing withdrawal and conversion to economic land can generate a 5.45% regional value-added premium. Based on the above research conclusions, it is necessary to coordinate the inter-regional interests of different functional zones in the reform of the rural homestead withdrawal system, and actively explore differentiated compensation strategies and standards for homestead withdrawal under the guidance of regional economic ecological system balance.

Changes in the global geopolitical landscape and frequent occurrence of uncertain crises have led to a sharp increase in regional economic risks. The traditional evolutionary resilience paradigm is difficult to fully explain the regional economic resilience issues under the background of continuous deepening and drastic reconstruction of global industrial connections and divisions of labor. Supply chain resilience provides a multi-agent, multi-scale, and endogenous-exogenous causal linkage perspective for the study of regional economic resilience. From the perspective of supply chain resilience, this paper measures the multi-dimensional regional economic resilience of each districted city in the Yangtze River Delta from 2019 to 2022, and then assesses the evolution characteristics and driving factors of the regional economic resilience in the Yangtze River Delta after the outbreak of the public health crisis 2020. The study finds that: (1) The overall economic resilience of different regions in the study area varies in different periods, and its spatial pattern is roughly opposite to the “core-periphery” model; (2) The regional economic resilience measured by different dimensions of economic indicators shows significant spatial pattern differences; (3) The three driving factors with the strongest explanatory power for the overall economic resilience are the living standards of residents, the concentration of enterprise supply chains, and the dependence on foreign trade in turn; (4) The three groups of driving factor interactions exerting the greatest impact on the overall economic resilience, reflect the mutual enhancement effect between regional endogenous structural/agency elements and inter-regional supply chain resilience elements. This paper confirms the causal relationship between supply chain resilience and regional economic resilience, and further highlights the important value of the “relational resilience” shift for regional economic resilience research.