Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern for Waterbirds in Tianjin Wetland based on Habitat Suitability
Received date: 2023-12-06
Revised date: 2024-03-26
Online published: 2025-08-14
Copyright
Tianjin, as a crucial wetland area in the Bohai Bay region and a sensitive zone under the dual pressures of land-sea interaction, faces significant ecological security challenges exacerbated by global climate change and human development activities, including the degradation of wetland ecosystem services, disruption of ecological network patterns, and the shrinking of safe habitats for waterbirds. This study focus on wetland waterbirds in Tianjin, adopts a “species-habitat-restoration” perspective to identify ecological source areas based on habitat suitability. By using habitat suitability evaluation results, the initial resistance surface is modified. And ecological corridors were extracted using the least-cost resistance model to construct the ecological security pattern for waterbirds in the wetlands of Tianjin City. The results indicate that the total area of waterbird ecological source in Tianjin’s wetland is 2 695.06 km2, accounting for 21.05% of the city’s total area, mainly distributed in Binhai New Area, Baodi District, Jizhou District, Ninghe District and Jinghai District. A total of 120 key ecological corridors, with a spoon-shaped distribution, are mainly located along the source areas and river systems, ensuring the connectivity between the waterbirds habitats in Tianjin City. A comprehensive plan for the identified source areas and ecological corridors is proposed, including strategies for constructing ecological corridors for waterbird activities, establishing waterbird activity protection hotspots, and designating of key protected plots for waterbird activities. Macroscopically, this forms a wetland waterbird ecological security pattern of “two screens, three corridors, six areas and multiple points”. The approach of identifing source areas based on habitat suitability and modifying the basic resistance surface through habitat suitability results comprehensively considers the significance of ecological processes in the construction of the wetland waterbird ecological security pattern. This study provides a practical pathway and scientific guidance for solving the problem of wetland waterbird ecological security in Tianjin City.
ZOU Pingxiu , GAO Ziwei , CAO Lei , LI Hongyuan , Bruce C Anderson . Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern for Waterbirds in Tianjin Wetland based on Habitat Suitability[J]. Wetland Science, 2024 , 22(6) : 884 -894 . DOI: 10.13248/j.cnki.wetlandsci.2024.06.007
1 天津市湿地水鸟生境适宜性分析因子等级及其权重Factor grade and weight of habitat suitability analysis of wetland waterbirds in Tianjin City |
| 生境因子 | 权重 | 指标 | 适宜性最好 | 适宜性良好 | 适宜性一般 | 适宜性差 | 不适宜 | |
| 斑块面积 | 0.10 | 栖息生境面积 | >100 km2 | 60 km2~100 km2 | 30 km2~60 km2 | 2 km2~30 km2 | <2 km2 | |
| 遮蔽物 | 0.14 | 土地利用类型 | 水域 | 未利用地 | 耕地 | 林地和草地 | 建设用地 | |
| 坡度 | <3° | 3°~5° | 5°~8° | 8°~15° | >15° | |||
| 干扰条件 | 0.08 | 距离公路 | >1 000 m | 500 m~1 000 m | 300 m~500 m | 150 m~300 m | <150 m | |
| 距离铁路 | >2 000 m | 1 500 m~2 000 m | 1 000 m~1 500 m | 500 m~1 000 m | <500 m | |||
| 距离居民地 | >1 500 m | 1 000 m~1 500 m | 500 m~1 000 m | 250 m~500 m | <250 m | |||
| 食物丰富度 | 0.22 | 植被覆盖度 | 75%~100% | 55%~75% | 35%~55% | 15%~35% | <15% | |
| 高程 | <50 m | 50 m~100 m | 100 m~250 m | 250 m~500 m | >500 m | |||
| 水源条件 | 0.46 | 水体密度 | 90%~100% | 50%~90% | 10%~50% | 0%~10% | <0% | |
| 湿地类型 | 涉禽 | 近海与海岸湿地 | 沼泽湿地 | 人工湿地 | 河流湿地 | 湖泊湿地 | ||
| 游禽 | 近海与海岸湿地 | 河流湿地 | 湖泊湿地 | 人工湿地 | 沼泽湿地 | |||
2 基于土地利用类型的生态阻力系数Ecological resistance coefficients based on land use types |
| 土地利用类型 | 阻力系数 | 土地利用类型 | 阻力系数 |
| 近海与海岸湿地 | 5 | 林地 | 150 |
| 沼泽湿地 | 25 | 草地 | 200 |
| 河流湿地 | 50 | 耕地 | 300 |
| 湖泊湿地 | 50 | 未利用地 | 350 |
| 人工湿地 | 100 | 建设用地 | 500 |
感谢钱法文、孟伟庆、莫训强、王建民和段后浪老师对本研究的大力支持与帮助。
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