以“五位一体”总体布局为基本遵循，归纳出区域海洋治理的概念，依此建立指数评价中国省际尺度的海洋治理水平，并观察其2006—2020年的时空分异情况。构建区域海洋治理所需要素的指标体系，基于沿海省份要素禀赋变化分析其对海洋治理水平演变的影响效能。结果表明：（1）各沿海省份海洋治理水平波动提升，省际时空差异不断扩大。（2）各沿海省份区域海洋治理要素总体禀赋持续改善，各准则层得分变化情况各异。（3）经济层要素对全域海洋治理水平的影响效率最高，生态层要素最低。（4）伴随着两系统协调度增强，各沿海省份区域海洋治理要素禀赋情况改善与海洋治理水平提升的促进作用越发显著，省际差异较小。
The paper puts forward the “regional marine governance” based on the geographical perspective for promoting balanced economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress; In the light of such idea, an index system is established to evaluate the provincial-scale marine governance levels in mainland China, and its variation of temporal-spatial disparities during 2006—2020 are analysed; Then, an index system is constructed to describe the factor endowment needed for conducting regional marine governance. Based on the changes of endowments in coastal provinces, their efficiency and capability on the evolution of marine governance level has been investigated. The results show: (1) While the marine governance levels of all coastal provinces keep fluctuating improvement, the inter-provincial disparities expand. (2) The overall endowment of regional marine governance factors in coastal provinces succeed to grow, but changes of criterial scores are different. (3) Nationwide economic factor’s efficiency is the highest, and the ecological factor’s efficiency is the lowest. (4) With the increase in coordination between the two systems, the enrichment of the endowment of regional marine governance factors in coastal provinces plays an increasingly significant role in promoting the marine governance level.
［1］任沁沁.十八大报告首提“建设海洋强国”［N］.新华每日电讯,2012-11-11(6).
［2］刘赐贵.努力推动海洋强国建设取得新成就［N］.人民日报,2014-06-07(11).
［3］崔野.加快构建和完善国家海洋治理体系［N］.学习时报,2020-07-29(7).
［4］狄乾斌,韩增林.海洋经济可持续发展评价指标体系探讨［J］.地域研究与开发,2009,28(3):117-121.
［5］VAN L J,VAN TATENHOVE J.The Triangle of Marine Governance in the Environmental Governance of Dutch Offshore Platforms［J］.Marine Policy,2009,34(3):590-597.
［6］MARIAN I.Developing Effective Ocean Governance［J］.Geopolitics,History,and International Relations,2012,4(1):102-103.
［7］赵隆.海洋治理中的制度设计:反向建构的过程［J］.国际关系学院学报,2012(3):36-42.
［8］孙悦民.海洋治理概念内涵的演化研究［J］.广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(2):1-5.
［9］RUDOLPH T,RUCKELSHAUS M,SWILLING M,et al.A Transition to Sustainable Ocean Governance［J］.Nature Communications,2020,11(1):1-14.
［10］LE H E,LE HERON R,TAYLOR L,et al.Remaking Ocean Governance in Aotearoa New Zealand through Boundarycrossing Narratives about Ecosystembased Management［J］.Marine Policy,2020,122:1-14.
［11］王琪,刘芳.海洋环境管理:从管理到治理的变革［J］.中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版),2006(4):1-5.
［12］刘大海,丁德文,邢文秀,等.关于国家海洋治理体系建设的探讨［J］.海洋开发与管理,2014,31(12):1-4.
［13］BALDWIN K,MAHON R,MCCONNEY P.Participatory GIS for Strengthening Transboundary Marine Governance in SIDS［J］.Natural Resources Forum,2013,37(4):257-268.
［14］LI R,VAN DEN BRINK M,WOLTJER J.Rules for the Governance of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Services:An Evaluative Framework Based on the IAD Framework［J］.Land Use Policy,2016,59:298-309.
［15］CASTANHO R A,COUTO G,PIMENTEL P,et al.Territorial Management and Governance,Regional Public Policies and Their Relationship with Tourism:A Case Study of the Azores Autonomous Region［J］.Sustainability,2020,12(15):1-16.
［16］沈瑞生,冯砚青,牛佳.中国海岸带环境问题及其可持续发展对策［J］.地域研究与开发,2005,24(3):124-128.
［17］徐丛春.海洋主体功能区划指标体系研究［J］.地域研究与开发,2012,31(1):10-13.
［18］田海燕.基于海岸带发展指数的闽台海岸带可持续发展评价研究［D］.厦门：厦门大学,2018.
［19］王兴中,常芳.空间公正思潮下的区域同步发展观：我的新区域主义思考［J］.地域研究与开发,2013,32(6):1-7.
［20］李博,苏飞,杨智,等.脆弱性视角下辽宁沿海地区人海关系地域系统特征演化及可持续发展模式［J］.地域研究与开发,2017,36(4):32-36.
［21］叶超,于洁,张清源,等.从治理到城乡治理：国际前沿、发展态势与中国路径［J］.地理科学进展,2021,40(1):15-27.
［22］王靖茹.浅析我国海洋软实力中的海洋意识［J］.科技经济导刊,2020,28(24):69-70.
［23］余灏哲,韩美.黄河三角洲水资源可再生性综合评价研究［J］.地域研究与开发,2017,36(2):162-168.
［24］盖美,吴慧歌,曲本亮.辽宁省水足迹强度差异及空间关联格局分析［J］.地域研究与开发,2017,36(1):148-152.
［25］王家庭.环渤海地区城市技术效率及其影响因素的实证研究［J］.地域研究与开发,2011,30(6):56-59.
［26］廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系：以珠江三角洲城市群为例［J］.热带地理,1999(2):76-82.
［27］吴殿廷,宋金平,孙久文,等.区域经济学（第三版）［M］.北京:科学出版社,2015:25-27.
［28］狄乾斌,孙阳.沿海地区海洋经济与社会变迁关联度评价：以辽宁省为例［J］.地理科学进展,2014,33(5):713-720.
［29］方建国,陈廉洁.软资源分布区位差异下的城镇化：以福建省为例［J］.福建行政学院学报,2016(2):93-105.
［30］王成,唐宁.重庆市乡村三生空间功能耦合协调的时空特征与格局演化［J］.地理研究,2018,37(6):1100-1114.
［31］赵玲.中国海洋生态补偿的现状、问题及对策［J］.大连海事大学学报(社会科学版),2021,20(1):68-74.
［32］马学广,李鲁奇.全球重构中尺度重组及其地域性管制实践研究［J］.地域研究与开发,2017,36(2):1-6.
