中国地理学会自然地理专业委员会,经学会理事会批准于1988年11月1日至4日,在武汉召开了《自然地理学与中国区域研究和资源开发》学术讨论会。出席会议的代表有来自全国各类高等院校、科研和出版部门,计32个单位的50余位代表和来宾。会议共收到学术论文40余篇。

径流实验室创建于1965年,是国内目前仅有的两个降雨径流实验室之一。该室可以模拟天然的降雨径流过程,探索径流形成的基本规律,为流域数学模型的研制提供实验依据,并可为各种水利工程的降雨径流计算提供实验数据。目前该室的全部实验过程与数据采集及处理均由微机控制,实现了自动化。该室模拟降雨器的突出特点是不仅可以模拟降雨强度随时间的变化过程,而且可以模拟雨强在流域空间上的不均匀分布。

The problem under consideration is further discussed under three sections.In the first section,the economic significance of slopelands in South Chins is re-examined in the light of additional information.Special reference is made to the possible reduction of arable laad resulting from the rise of sealevel that may occur as a consequence of global warming.The present productivity of land on the slopes of hills and mountains is very low.Higher productivity will no doubt lead to a decrea.se of CO₂ in the atmosphere.As the slopes are mostly well drained,the generation of other "greenhouse" gases can be easily kept to a minimum.

The development of portcity has been paid much attention to in China since 1978,but most of the researchers studied ports and portcities separately.However,this paper tries to link them together,studying the economic development of portcity on the basis of portcity interaction theory,The author believes that the three driving forces which play an important role in the urban development are.portcity direct linkage,portcity indirect linkage and the self-growing process of portcity.The analysis of the characteristics of driving forces indicates that there are distinctly different periods in the movements of driving forces combination.Because of the evolution of driving forces combination,the developing process of portcity appears to be composed of three stages,the stage of primary commercial economy,the stage of port-industrial economy and the stage of multiple economy.Having studied the history of seaports and portcities in North China,the paper discusses factors affecting the direction and the speed of the development of portcities,The universality and applicability of portcity development model are also discussed in the article.

In this paper,the methods of estimating crops' primary productive potentialities and population-carrying capacity of land are demonstrated,considering factual case of the studied area.Based on land type classification and land resource evaluation of Guan-zhong area,as well as the definition of kinds of crops and their cultivated system,food crops'primary productive potentialities and population-carrying capacity of land of different natural districts (the lowest level of physico-comprehensive regionalized units) are estimated.In addition,the results of estimation of different natural districts are analysed and compared with each other

Laboratory investigation of rainsplash erosion on Malan Loess has been conducted based on a multivariate orthogonal design.Five factors including rainfall intensity (I),cover density (V),rainfall duration (T),antecedent soil moisture content (C),and slope angle (A)were considered.In total,three replicates of 27 sets of experiments,each representating a different combination of the factors selected,were conducted.Regression equations using rainsplash detachment and rainsplash transport as dependent variables and derivatives of the five selected factors as independent variables were computed:What is significant is the inclusion of six and four interaction terms in the equation for splash detachmet Y and splash transport Z respectively.The analysis of results obtained from two equations shows that the interaction effects among some of the controlling factors of rainsplash erosion are of paramount importance.

Hongshuihe-Qianjiang-Xunjiang river traverses the middle part of Guangxi Basin The river basins have rich hydroelectric resources and mineral resources.Based on the climatic data during the period of 1951-1930 in the river basins at 33 stations and the microclimatic observations from 1985-1987 at the relative river segments,the main climate conditions and the microclimate produced by the river are analysed in detail.The results in this paper provide a scientific basis for exploiting and utilizing the resources in the river basins.Two processes through which the effects of river on local climate are formed,one produced by advective transport and the other caused by the river-land thermal circulation,are presented in.this paper,to expound the mechanism of the river effects on local climate.

This article studies the quantity,grain size,and distribution characteristics of the deltaic sedimentary,also sedimentary structure and construction of the delta.The following conclusions are obtained.(1) In every subdeltaic construction,the thickness,velocity and land sedimentary ration are in relation to their living time and abandoned pattern.There is a maximum in every subdeltaic sedimentary.(2) The coarsest grained-grad is 0.25mm,and principal composition is salt sand and clay.There is nonrolling components of sedimentary.(3) The sedimentary structures are in relation to the hydrodynamics and grain size of sediments.The distribution and construction of the deltaic sedimentary is a reflection of the characters of the deltaic development.

The Weihe River Basin stands where the four tectonic systems of Qilu,Qin-ling,latitudinal direction,cathaysian and Longxi roll-up intersect,such tectonic characteristics lay a basis for the formation of tectonic landforms of the basin.According to the tectonic structures and formation causes,the tectonic land-forms in the Weihe River Basin can be classified into eight types and each type can be divided further into correspondent based on neotectonic movement characteristics.These geomorphic sequences,which stretch into belts in east-west direction,have lomologous features in north-south direction and possess terracing spatial variations,Under the control of major tectonic systems in the Weihe River Basin,the graben structure with its own features serves as main cause for estabishment of the landform spatial arrangement.The development of tectonic landforms in the Weihe River Basin underwent three stages,namely,preparation stage of Mesozoicera,Tertiary establishment stage and Quaternary completion stage.

The Violet Bamboo Shoot Tea of Guzhu,Changxin county,Zhejiang Province has been famous ever since middle Tang Dynasty (760A.D.),it was required to pay tribute,together with the Golden Sand Spring flowing out of the tea garden,to the Chinese emperors.Through present geographical study,it shows that the biochemical compositions of both of them are fine indeed,besides their very good prestige in Chinese history; therefore,the tea garden and the spring source should be well protected,exploited and utilized today.Morerer,in the future,the expansion of the Violet Bamboo Shoot Tea production is possible in the Changxin areas.

In this paper,mainly based on the studies for some time past,the authors summarized the paleoenvironmental features of the coastal region of South China during the full-glacial period of Late Pleistocene.They estimated the difference in the environment conditions between modern a.d LGM as follows.(1) On the average,the winter temperature of the land was lowered 11-15℃ or so.(2) The paleochannel bottom reached a depth of -62m or so at the present debouch of the Zhujiang delta,(3) The paleo-coastline was situated at 150m or so below the present sea-level.(4) The February temperature of the upper water in the northern part of South China Sea was lowered about 4.6-2.2℃ The above-mentioned features resulted from increasing of winter monsoon in the coastal region of South China and from increasing of north-east monsoon drift in the northern part of South Chins Sea during the last glacial maximum of Late Pleistocene

This article dissertates about the consequence for runoff and influent by slope's vegetation and determines the relation of vegetation coverage density with watercourse on lamina,vegetation coverage density with influent on slope,precipitation intensity with influent on slope.The outcome of study allestes that flow of water on lamina and influent on slope sensibly increases vegetation coverage density or precipitation intensity.The flow on lamina is 25-30% of all precipitation when vegetation coverage density attains 95%.Vegetation reduces slope erosion by precipitation,increases the influent,raises the content of water in soil,has effects on the keeping the soil and water on slope.

This paper describes the physical geographical conditions for the soil formation of the Nanshan Mountains in the Qingshui river watershed.On the basis of field observations and chemical analyses in the laboratory,the profile features,physical and chemical properties,and the vertical distribution regularities of the major soils of the region(the calcic drab soil,the typical drab soil,the leached drab soil,the typical burozem,and the herbaceous burozem) have been carefully studied and summarized.At last,the spectrum of vertical soil zones on the northern slope of the Nanshan Mountains is established which points out that the base soil zone the region is constituted by the calcic drab soil and that the soil distributing at the upper most part is the herbacceus burozem

Huanghe is located in semidry and semi-humid areas and temperate climate zone.The soil formation processes have been disturbed by extremely serious soil erosion.The compositions of suspended matter in the Huanghe (Yellow River) were controlled by physical weathering.This was indicated by the following observations.1) Most of the suspended matter,no matter from upper,middle or lower reaches,was products of physical breakdown of existing crystals,such as quartz,feldspar,mica and chlorite,2) The differences in grain size distribution between the suspended matter in middle reach and loess may be only due to deposition of coarse particles during transport by water,3) Correspondingly,the quartz content,which makes up the major part of coarse particles,is lower than that in loess,and the contents of feldspar and mica are higher.

本文着力于恢复近两万年来各种短周期的气候波动、海面升降和地壳垂直运动的历史过程并从中探寻变化的内在规律。全文从环境系统的结构分析展开,提出了海面-地面系统的概念及其四种数学模型,并据以探索中国东部和全球的海面升降运动波动历史。同时,引进海-气-冰系统的概念及其

1989年9月,在西德的法兰克福大学召开了第二届国际地貌学大会,来自数十个国家和地区的约400名代表出席了会议。大会收到的论文摘要近650篇,其中有370余篇在会上宣读,余为展示。我国有24人襄与了这一盛会,他们分别来自高等学校、科研机关、生产部门以及正在西德工作和学习的人员,还包括了来自台湾大学的两名代表。

山地灾害地貌是山区坡地重力地貌、山区河谷地貌、冰川冰绿地貌以及由区喀斯特地貌中对人类造成灾害的那部分地貌的总称。

Although the growth rate of urban and town population in China was nearly equal to the world average since 1949, yet there are still quite gerat differences among provinces.Most Provinces in Eastern and Middle part of China, such as Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, etc. are all having lower urban population growth rate, greater fluctuation of urban populition changes and lower proportion of urban population, while the Remote provinces such as Heilongjang, Inner Mongolia, xinjiang, Qinghai etc, on the contrary, have higher urban population increase rate, more stable urban population changes and higher proportion of urban population.The major factors which influence provincial urban population changes are economy population, policies etc. In some period, the population and policy factors can have tremendous effect on the provincial urbanization as natural and mechanic urban population increases and establishment of cities and towns are strongly restricted in thd provinces of Eastern and Middle part of China, therefore, although economic aevelopment in those provinces is fast, yet their urban population still increases slowly. For she same reason, because of the higher naturaal population increase rate, relaxation of population migration control, the urban population growth is higher in those less-developed remote provinces. However, from the whole process of urbanization, the economic advelompent and the changes of economic structure are still the primary factors to the Urbanization.

The paper describes macrocharacteristie of surface relief with low order trend face in Yunnan as an example. The result of the first and second order trend surface analysis of absolute and local reliefs in Yunnan indicates that change tendenies of peak surface and dissected deep in a region are approximately a plane to SSE and are more similar to a hyperbolid inolined and protruded to SSE. The analysis provides an occurrence of the plane and type, azimuth and from of Symmetric axis Line, coordinate Values of sym-metric centre point of the hyperboloid. Thus the description is suitable.

This paper gives a preliminary analysis on the types and evolutional processes of the volcanic landforms in the area of Linqu and Chanhlo.According to the topographic features, genesis, and material components, the volcanic landforms in this area can be divided into the following types. i. volcanic cones-including caldera cones, composite cones and lava cones, ii. lava landforms-including lava domes., inclined lava plateau, lava mesas, erosion and denudation lava hills.Most types of landforms mentioned above are distributed along the NW dierction of faults., The lava cones and mesas have been mainly discussed in the paper.Volcanoes and lava landforms are formed from Miocere to early pliocene in the area. According to the types and intensity of volcanic activities, etc, the geomorphic developing processes in the area are divided into three stages.i. Early Miocene. The volcanic activities of this period are characterized by fissure eruption, and the wide lava plateaus are shapedii. Mid-Miocene. The volcanic activity is featured by relative stability. In most lake basins of the area, it takes form of the lake-facies deposit which contains rich fossils of plants and animals.iii. From late Miocene to early pliocene. The volcanoes erupt as centers, and form many lava cones on the lava plateaus of early Miocene.Since the early pilcene, the crust has risen, The lave plateaus have been eroded by the running water, and hava gradually become mesas and hills.

According to the theory of ndustrial location,This paper researches the prinicple of dividing grades of city's commercial centre, and divides the city's commercial centre into four grades,Thery are city centre,district centre,residential quarter centre and.small reteil network,it also researches the function model of commercial centre and the" features of W.Christaller's location distribution.The writer has researched deeply the forming causes conelitions and development activity of commercial centre in Lanzhou,and according to the principle of traffic style of central place theory,he analyses the presental gradation structure of commercial centre in Lanzhou and drawed a picture of location pattern net of commercial centre. The result indicated, the distribution of commercial centre is basically in comformity with the principles of triangle settlement market frame of sexangle and step gradation structure,This paper proposes a concept of location Advantage Acgree of city's commercial centres and defines it as the quantitative description, which shows the advantage degree of that the commercial centre engages in business activity;It may be divided Location Advantage Degree into two concepts of basic location advantage degree and realistic location advantage degree and establised two mathmatic models for calculating them.By means of the observed and measured data,the writer pursues specific computation and analysis. The result indicated that among the presental four city commercial centres, zhangye street centre has advantage, the second is West-railway-station centre and the advantage of panxuan street centre and xign central stveet are Worse. Then he made a corresponding analysis to their development potentiality.Finally,the writer symthesizes above mentioned qualitative and quantitative result and gived some suggestions of disposing rationally the commercial centres and of improvung city's commerce in Lanzhou.

There are many linear phenomena in our daily life. They are traffic, communication, and goods transportation etc.These phenomena can be organized into linear networks in ARC/INFO Geographic Information System (GIS). This paper describes how to Prepare, and create the City of Beijing traffic network by using ARC/INFO GIS.PATHFINDING and ALLOCATE are two functions in ARC/INFO NETWORK. The best path can be found between an origin and a destination, and the most efficient movement of resources can be allocated by using the two functions.After the network coverage (a file of traffic map in ARC/INFO GIS) processed, the network database has been created.The different applications of the network can be done.Finally, the modelling of traffic network has been established.It is not only for extending streets, also for building a new traffic route very efficientlly.

Population movement is one important phenomena in China in recent years Its mechanism is. (1) thrust of more people and less lande in Eastern Belt. (2) Suction of dual economy in westren Belt. (3) national policy on preferential wages and grain for pastern Belt.Population movement has an impartant effect on the change of regional division pattern in Chins: (1) by the medium of the moving people, there forms another regional division pattern, which is rural industry system based on rural town industry; (2) there forms another profit mechanism compensated from Western Belt to Eastern Belt.It not only wins more profit in Eastern Belt, but also ehanges dual economy in Western Belt Therefoer, we should make choice of a comprehen sihle and encouraging attitude on population movement; and a special government organization for general survey of moving people should be set up at once.

A great deal of depression is distributed over The Huang Huai Hai alluvial plain, based on watersoil condition, they are divided into three types-Sand depression, Salinezedmarshed depression and Salinizated depression. The Bei QiuWa belong the last one.A common characteristic in these depress ions is that drainage of ground water isn't unimpeded.Because there is difference in water Soil conditions, used transform way is different too.The paper Shows that full irrigation for flushing salt play the great role in Salinen-alkali soil transform in Bei QiuWa. Velocity of flushing Salinen is rapid, effect is extremely marked.Flushed salinen content in the lowest part can't be drained a way through ground water.Based on the Situation, the paper poses model about harnessing depression Salined-alkali soil, Which dig a lot of non-complete phreatic water wells to pump salt ground-water to reduce groundwater table to empty out ground starage capaity, then, diverting lower minelization surface water flush salinity in soil.The paper calulated affective radius on single well, quantity of pourings out water, adjustable reserves of ground water and adjustable salinity reserve of ground water.

A new set of hydroclynamic equations which includes a balance equation of angular momentum for a fluid is presented.

Great efforts were made by the author to make exhortation to transform descriptive climatology into quantitative one during the last 40 years. Since the scope of climatology has greatly incre ased, and a different approach of causes of the climate is directly or indirectly linked with others, "astro-geo-bioclimatology" has recently proposed by the author in order to understand the extraordinarily complicated processes of climatic causes and changes In truth, during the process of reviewing the progress of climatology in China r it has been found out that accomplishments of the science of climatology have been proved to be the preliminary phase of "astro-geo-bioclimatology" In China the development of the science of climatology is here summarized by 6 parts, climatic creation, climatic modelling analysis, climatic changes and prediction, microclimatology, regional climate and applied climate.So far as the problem of causes of the climate is concerned, the author gives closer analyses for advances in astroclimatology, geoclimatology and bioclimatology it being understood that "astro-geo-bioclimatology" has been developing in China.The emphasis is laid on summarizing developments with respect to climate gimodels, including statistic and dynamic models, models of radiation-thermo-hydrologic budget, and contour models in weather maps, advances in these fields being of great value to research of regional climateIn connection with the methods of climate prediction, climatic changes in the geological, historical and presnt time are abstracted from a number of papers in the appropriate fiele of sciences.Microclimatic advances have been drawn from every scope of this field, especially from the local climate modelling, but the nonlinear dynamics is required in further research of the microclimate modelling as suggested by the author.The advances both in regional climate and in applied climate are also summarized, the whole of which should be contributed to improving geographic climatology. Besides, the author suggests that a new method of the climatic classification must be put forward and climatic studies for every climatic type must be practised, though applied climatic classifications are often desired with a view to their eventual uses.

In Chinese ancient literature records of simple tourist geography could be seen in poetry, prose, travel notes and monographs. But systematic scientific study on tourist geography did not start until the end of 1979, with Wu-chuanjun, Guo Laixi, Chen Chuangkang and Yang Guanxiong as its pioneers.For the ten years Passed.Chinese researchers on tourist geography have donea lot of work on resource development and planning for regional tourism. At the same time, a great deal has been achieved on theorical and methodical discussion, qualified personnel training, textbook and works writing. 1. literature Ten main geographical magazines and one tourism magazine are chosen for statistical figures They published 101 papers on tourist geography from 1082 to 1989, among which 71.29% were on rigional planning for development, 18.81% were on theorical and methodical discussion, the others were some summaries and translations.2. Theory and methods There has been progress on the fundamental theory of tourist geography, the evaluation method for tourist resources, the measurement for tourist environmental capacity, the research method for recreation climate study, the theory on tourist spatial behavior, the application of gravity model, the location theory of tourism, the theory and methods for regional tourist development and tourist regional planning.3.Qualified personnel training The traininig of M.S. graduates on tourist geography began in 1932 in China, while that of Ph. D'graduates began in 1986. The first M.S. thesis on tourism was finished in 1984. While the first Ph.D thesis was completed in 1989.Until 1989, China has trained 17 M. S.grduates and 1 Ph. D grduate on torist geography. They graduated from either Peking Uniuresity,or Nan Kai University,or East China Normal University or Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences.4.Textbooks and monographs Till 1988, a set of books on tourist geography have been p.ublished, which includes《Tourist Geography of China》 (two different editions), 《Tourist Geography》 (two different editions), and 《Modern Tourist Geography》etc. There have also been a lot of thesis and readings on regional tourist geography and introductions to tourist resources.At present, China's tourist geography to use a term proposed by Kuhn, is still in a "pre-paradigm" state, the following aspects ought to te emphasized for its further development, a.the ability of applied reaearch, b. research on theory and methods, c. more extensive research on tourist, d. introduction of foreign cbulleauges' research resultsChina is rich in tourist resources. With its extensive tourist market, tourist geography research in china surely has a bright future.

这是本刊《1987—1988年地理学新书》的续集。到目前为止,我们已经介绍了最近五年所出的地理学新书,我们希望这个小栏目不仅能起到互通信息的目的,便于广大读者查找最新地理学学术著作,也希望大家能从地理学所走过的“足迹”中得到一些新的启示。

第二届全国青年地理工作者学术会议于1989年10月30日至11月4日在南京大学召开,120名代表分别来自31所大学和11所科研机构,共收到论文160余篇,论文采取大会交流、分组讨论及大会总结相结合的方式。许多地理界老前辈亲临会议,并作了重要报告。这次会议的主题是:地理学的前景、理论与应用及地理人才的培养,同时为1990年在我国举行的国际地理学会亚太会议遴选出一批优秀论文。从大会提交的论文和讨论情况来看,代表们对地理学的发展现状、地理科学的学科体系及学科发展方向、地理学的理论思维及地理教育等问题展开了热烈的讨论。