中国区域的国际重要湿地制图产品间一致性分析
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廖远鸿(1999-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为地表覆盖制图、湿地遥感、火迹地监测。Email: liaoyh21@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn。 |
Copy editor: 陈庆
收稿日期: 2022-09-15
修回日期: 2023-08-17
网络出版日期: 2026-06-03
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目“面向开放科学的国际地球观测系统互操作体系研究与示范”(2019YFE0126400)
Consistency analysis of mapping products for wetlands of international importance in China
Received date: 2022-09-15
Revised date: 2023-08-17
Online published: 2026-06-03
基于地表覆盖制图监测湿地变化是监督Ramsar公约缔约方履行公约的重要手段,但是当前制图产品数量众多,在时空特性、分类体系和质量上存在较大差异。该文旨在针对2015—2019年中国40处国际重要湿地开展制图产品间的一致性分析,为选择湿地制图、开展Ramsar保护区湿地监测提供参考。基于长时序地表覆盖制图产品CCI_LC,CGLS_LC和MCD12Q1,进行空间一致性和类别一致性的预处理,并基于湿地分类面积开展回归分析和制图产品的准确度及不确定度指标计算。结果表明产品之间湿地分类面积存在较大不一致性,面积大小差距平均在6~10倍,湿地分类结果准确度低且不确定度大,大部分区域使用者精度(user accuracy,UA)、生产者精度(producer accuracy,PA)和Kappa系数小于0.1,标准差大于均值。总体而言,3套地表覆盖产品尚未能支撑可信的国际重要湿地变化的监测工作。
关键词: Ramsar公约; 湿地遥感; 地表覆盖产品一致性检验
廖远鸿 , 白玉琪 . 中国区域的国际重要湿地制图产品间一致性分析[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2025 , 37(6) : 41 -48 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2022503
Monitoring wetland changes based on land cover mapping serves as a significant means for supervising contracting parties to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (also referred to as the Ramsar Convention) in fulfilling their obligations. However, substantial land cover mapping products available show significant differences in spatiotemporal characteristics, classification systems, and quality. This study conducted a consistency analysis of land cover mapping products for 40 wetlands of international importance in China from 2015 to 2019, aiming to provide a reference for selecting wetland mapping products and monitoring wetlands in Ramsar reserves. Using long time-series land cover mapping products CCI_LC, CGLS_LC, and MCD12Q1, this study preprocessed the data in terms of spatial and category consistency. Based on wetland classification areas, it conducted regression analysis and calculated the accuracy and uncertainty indicators of the mapping products. The results indicate that these products exhibited significant inconsistencies in wetland classification areas, with area differences averaging 6 to 10 times. Moreover, their wetland classification results were marked by low accuracy and high uncertainty. For most regions, the user accuracy (UA), producer accuracy (PA), and Kappa coefficient were below 0.1, and the standard deviation exceeded the mean. Overall, the three land cover mapping products fail to support credible monitoring of changes in wetlands of international importance.
表1 3种地表覆盖制图产品的特性Tab.1 Characteristics of 3 kinds of land cover mapping products |
| 数据集 | 湿地/水体 分类体系 | 数据源 | 时间范围 | 空间分辨率/m | 准确度评估 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MCD12Q1[19] | LC_Type1(11:永久湿地); LC_Type3(3:水体; 27:木本湿地; 50:草本湿地) | MODIS | 2001—2020年 | 500 | LC_Type1 11 (UA: 96.4%; PA: 70.6%) |
| CCI_LC[20] | 160:被淡水或微咸水淹没的树; 170:被咸水淹没的树; 180:被咸水、微咸水、淡水淹没的灌木或草本植被; 210:水体 | MERIS, SPOT, PROBA | 1992—2020年 | 300 | 160 (UA: 26%; PA: 86%) 170 (UA: 75%; PA: 86%) 180 (UA: 53%; PA: 24%) |
| CGLS_LC[21] | 80:永久水体; 90:草本植被 | PROBA-V | 2015—2019年 | 100 | 90 (UA: 44.9%; PA: 46.9%) |
图3 剔除未分类出湿地的区域后产品间的湿地分类面积的回归分析结果Fig.3 Regression result between classification area of wetlands from different products after removing unclassified wetland areas |
表2 剔除未分类出湿地的区域后产品间回归分析的评估结果Tab.2 Evaluation result of regression analysis among products after removing unclassified wetland areas |
| 产品 | RMSE | r | R2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CCI_LC-CGLS_LC | 1.109 7 | 0.476 5 | -0.457 6 |
| CCI_LC-MCD12Q1 | 0.872 4 | 0.571 2 | 0.214 3 |
| MCD12Q1-CGLS_LC | 0.821 1 | 0.679 8 | 0.097 6 |
表3 产品间准确度与不确定度指标结果Tab.3 Result of accuracy and uncertainty metrics among products |
| 产品 | 未分类出湿 地的样本数 | 未分类出湿地 的样本的占比/% | UA | PA | Kappa系数 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | |||
| CCI_LC-CGLS_LC | 8 | 20.0 | 0.158 6 | 0.230 3 | 0.156 1 | 0.217 1 | 0.051 9 | 0.665 0 |
| CCI_LC-MCD12Q1 | 13 | 32.5 | 0.130 6 | 0.202 5 | 0.192 5 | 0.130 6 | 0.074 1 | 0.091 1 |
| MCD12Q1-CGLS_LC | 11 | 27.5 | 0.190 1 | 0.186 7 | 0.182 9 | 0.195 9 | 0.121 5 | 0.138 0 |
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