联合机载LiDAR和星载多光谱数据的森林地上生物量异速生长模型构建方法
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丁相元(1990-),男,博士,主要从事遥感技术与应用研究。Email: dxy4201@126.com。 |
Office editor: 陈庆
收稿日期: 2024-02-06
修回日期: 2024-06-11
网络出版日期: 2026-06-03
基金资助
国家重点研发项目“多源遥感协同森林地上生物量估测技术”(2023YFF1303900)
An allometric model method for estimating forest aboveground biomass based on airborne LiDAR and satellite multispectral data
Received date: 2024-02-06
Revised date: 2024-06-11
Online published: 2026-06-03
丁相元 , 陈尔学 , 赵磊 , 范亚雄 , 徐昆鹏 , 马云梅 . 联合机载LiDAR和星载多光谱数据的森林地上生物量异速生长模型构建方法[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2025 , 37(3) : 123 -132 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2024061
Forest aboveground biomass (AGB) serves as a significant indicator for monitoring forest resources and a crucial part of forest carbon stock. AGB estimation methods, characterized by simple models and physical significance, play a significant role in improving the monitoring efficiency of forest resources. Based on previous studies, this study proposed an allometric model method for AGB estimation by integrating the height features and forest canopy closure derived from the airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR), and the vegetation indice derived from satellite multispectral data (also referred to as ModelBN). This study investigated Genhe City in Inner Mongolia using LiDAR data and Sentinel-2A multispectral data acquired in 2022, combined with sample plot data obtained around this period. By comparatively analyzing the correlations of LiDAR-derived height features and vegetation indices with AGB, this study applied optimal LiDAR-derived height features and vegetation indices to ModelBN. Finally, this model was compared with models using only height features (ModelB), integrating both height features and vegetation indices (ModelBY), and combining height features and canopy closure (ModelBHC). The results indicate that among the LiDAR-derived height features, the 90th height percentile (H90) exhibited the highest correlation with AGB in the study area. Among the vegetation indices, the kernel normalized difference vegetation index manifested the highest correlation with AGB. Among the four models, the ModelBN achieved the highest adjusted R-square value (, 0.78), the highest estimation accuracy (EA, 83.25 %), and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE, 15.87 t/m2). The ModelBN outperformed the ModelBHC, with improvements in value and EA by 0.05 and 1.75 %, respectively, and a reduction in RMSE by 1.66 t/hm2. The ModelBY outperformed the ModelB, with improvements in value and EA by 0.03 and 1.19 %, respectively, and a reduction in RMSE by 1.12 t/hm2. These results demonstrate the rationality of using vegetation indices as an exponential power. Despite the failure to possess the lowest uncertainty in all pixels, the ModelBN showed the optimal performance. Overall, the ModelBN demonstrates the highest accuracy, a simple and efficient process, and certain physical significance. Therefore, the ModelBN can function as a novel technique for AGB estimation to provide technical support for forest resource monitoring.
表1 LiDAR数据特征Tab.1 Features of LiDAR |
| LiDAR特征名称 | 特征符号 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
| 均值 | Hmean | 25 m×25 m统计单元内点云高度均值 |
| 森林郁闭度 | CD | 25 m×25 m统计单元内冠层回波点云与全部回波点云的比值 |
| 最大值 | Hmax | 25 m×25 m统计单元内点云高度最大值 |
| 百分位数 | H10,H20,…,H90,H95 | 不同高度点云百分位数 |
表2 特征与森林AGB相关系数Tab.2 Coefficients between features and forest AGB |
| LiDAR | 哨兵2A | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 特征 | 相关性 | 特征 | 相关性 |
| H10 | 0.553***① | NDVI | 0.276** |
| H20 | 0.548*** | NDVIre1 | 0.435*** |
| H30 | 0.682*** | NDVIre2 | 0.389*** |
| H40 | 0.704*** | KNDVI | 0.347*** |
| H50 | 0.731*** | KNDVIre1 | 0.483*** |
| H60 | 0.762*** | KNDVIre2 | 0.427*** |
| H70 | 0.806*** | DVI | 0.137* |
| H80 | 0.839*** | EVI | 0.243* |
| H90 | 0.860*** | RVI | 0.269** |
| H95 | 0.851*** | SAVI | 0.276** |
| Hmean | 0.816*** | ||
| Hmax | 0.747*** | ||
| CD | 0.452*** | ||
①*为p<0.05; **为p<0.01; ***为p<0.001。 |
图3-1 不同模型森林AGB估测结果与不确定性空间分布Fig.3-1 Spatial distribution of forest AGB estimation results and uncertainty on different methods |
图3-2 不同模型森林AGB估测结果与不确定性空间分布Fig.3-2 Spatial distribution of forest AGB estimation results and uncertainty on different methods |
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