考虑极化与地形特征的GEE海南岛红树林树种精细化分类
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薛志泳(1995-),男,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事海洋遥感应用研究。Email: xuezyong@163.com。 |
Copy editor: 陈庆
收稿日期: 2023-11-14
修回日期: 2024-01-11
网络出版日期: 2026-06-03
基金资助
海南省重点研发项目“南海珊瑚礁空天地海一体化监测关键技术研究与应用示范”(ZDYF2023GXJS023)
GEE-based fine-scale classification of mangrove species in Hainan Island considering polarization and topographic features
Received date: 2023-11-14
Revised date: 2024-01-11
Online published: 2026-06-03
基于多时序遥感影像数据(Sentinel-1/2)和数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM))及Google Earth Engine (GEE)平台,考虑Sentinel-1极化特征和DEM地形特征在红树林树种间的作用,在海南岛大范围尺度实现了2016年、2019年和2022年红树林范围、种间分布的动态监测。相比只利用Sentinel-2数据进行树种识别,在增加极化特征或地形特征后分类精度分别提高了3.34百分点和3.35百分点; 同时增加极化和地形特征对于红树林种间分类更加有效,分类精度提高了4.07百分点,可以更精准提取不同树种信息。监测结果表明: 2016年、2019年和2022年海南岛红树林面积分别为3 628.738 hm2,3 634.129 hm2和3 881.212 hm2,6 a内红树林总体呈增加趋势,年均变化率为1.127%。种群变化方面: 东寨港红树林北部以角果木、红海榄为优势种,南部以海莲为优势种; 八门湾北部河口处以海莲为优势种,文教河口处树种丰富性较高; 新英湾、花场湾和马袅港红树林的优势种在6 a内由角果木、红海榄变为秋茄、榄李,且湾口出现无瓣海桑扩散趋势; 新盈港优势种从红海榄逐步被榄李替代; 东方的秋茄范围逐渐扩大; 三亚的树种基本保持稳定,增长区域的树种以角果木为主。 该研究方法可提高红树林树种识别精度,监测结果可精细化分析树种演变过程,为红树林保护政策的制定提供支撑。
关键词: 红树林; Google Earth Engine; 红树林树种; 海南岛
薛志泳 , 李尉尉 , 田震 , 朱明杰 , 朱建华 . 考虑极化与地形特征的GEE海南岛红树林树种精细化分类[J]. 自然资源遥感, 2025 , 37(2) : 274 -284 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2023344
Based on multitemporal remote sensing (Sentinel-1/2) image data, the digital elevation model (DEM), and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, this study achieved the large-scale dynamic monitoring of the ranges and interspecific distributions of mangrove forests in Hainan Island in 2016, 2019, and 2022. The effects of Sentinel-1 polarization and DEM-derived topographic features were considered in distinguishing mangrove species. Compared to the species identification using only Sentinel-2 image data, the identification method incorporating polarization or topographic features improved the classification accuracy by 3.34 and 3.35 percentage points, respectively. Moreover, incorporating both polarization and topographic features into the identification process was more effective for the interspecific classification of mangrove forests, raising the classification accuracy by 4.07 percentage points and enabling more accurate extraction of different species information. The monitoring results indicate that the areas of mangrove forests in Hainan Island in 2016, 2019, and 2022 were 3628.738 hm2, 3634.129 hm2, and 3881.212 hm2, respectively, showing an overall increase at an average annual rate of 1.127% over six years. Regarding population dynamics, the dominant species included Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora stylosa in the northern mangrove forest in Dongzhai port, and Bruguiera sexangula in the southern portion. The northern estuary of Bamen Bay was dominated by Bruguiera sexangula, while the Wenjiao River mouth exhibited richer species. In the Xinying, and Huachang bays, and Maniao Port, the dominant mangrove species shifted from Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora stylosa to Kandelia obovata and Lumnitzera racemosa over six years, with Sonneratia apetala spreading at the bay mouths. In Xinying Port, the dominant mangrove species shifted from Rhizophora stylosa and Rhizophora stylosa to Lumnitzera racemose. The distribution of Kandelia obovata in Dongfang City expanded gradually, while the species composition in Sanya City remained almost stable, with the growth area occupied primarily by Ceriops tagal. Overall, the method used in this study enhances the identification accuracy of mangrove species, allowing a fine-scale analysis of the evolutionary process of mangrove species, thereby supporting the formulation of the mangrove forest protection policy.
Key words: mangrove forest; Google Earth Engine; mangrove species; Hainan Island
表1 研究使用的Sentinel影像数量Tab.1 Number of Sentinel images used in the study (景) |
| 数据 | 2016年 | 2019年 | 2022年 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sentinel-2 | 207 | 418 | 250 |
| Sentinel-1 | 68 | 204 | 142 |
表2 红树林分类精度评价结果Tab.2 Evaluation results of mangrove classification accuracy |
| 地物类型 | 总体精度/% | Kappa系数 | 用户精度/% | 制图精度/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 红树林 非红树林 | 94.66 | 0.93 | 92.23 97.08 | 96.94 92.59 |
表3 各组种间分类精度评价结果Tab.3 Evaluation of classification accuracy of each group |
| 评价指标 | 实验组1 | 实验组2 | 实验组3 | 实验组4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 总体精度/% | 92.24 | 95.58 | 95.59 | 96.31 |
| Kappa系数 | 0.89 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.95 |
表4 2016年、2019年、2022年红树林面积变化Tab.4 Mangrove area changes in 2016, 2019 and 2022 |
| 地区 | 2016年/ hm2 | 2019年/ hm2 | 2022年/ hm2 | 年均变 化率/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 东寨港 | 1 636.080 | 1 765.391 | 1 991.453 | 3.330 |
| 八门湾 | 651.270 | 644.140 | 766.214 | 2.746 |
| 新英湾 | 293.841 | 284.280 | 296.555 | 0.153 |
| 花场湾 | 202.084 | 174.084 | 204.543 | 0.202 |
| 新盈港 | 199.912 | 171.657 | 198.115 | -0.150 |
| 三亚 | 71.860 | 70.576 | 109.267 | 7.234 |
| 东方 | 58.903 | 50.320 | 86.156 | 6.543 |
| 马袅港 | 27.830 | 32.580 | 57.363 | 12.811 |
| 海南岛 | 3 628.738 | 3 634.129 | 3 881.212 | 1.127 |
表5 2016年、2019年、2022年红树林各树种面积变化Tab.5 Area changes of mangrove species in 2016, 2019 and 2022 (hm2) |
| 年份 | 秋茄 | 榄李 | 角果木 | 无瓣海桑 | 海莲 | 红海榄 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016年 | 117.068 | 496.963 | 734.596 | 519.050 | 896.174 | 864.887 |
| 2019年 | 314.803 | 589.266 | 857.744 | 665.726 | 723.210 | 483.380 |
| 2022年 | 826.187 | 1031.434 | 639.667 | 934.279 | 563.586 | 456.059 |
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