为探究中国高寒内陆河流的健康状况，多年在黑河上中游采集大型底栖动物和水样样品，采用生物参数分布范围分析、生物判别能力分析以及相关性分析的方法，构建了由总分类单元数、水生昆虫分类单元数、前三位优势分类单元、捕食者%、敏感类群%及耐污类群%组成的黑河大型底栖动物完整性指数（B-IBI）评价体系。结果表明：（1）基于比值法得到黑河河流健康评价等级：B-IBI >3.28为健康，2.46<B-IBI<3.28为良好，1.64<B-IBI<2.46为一般，0.82<B-IBI<1.64为较差，B-IBI<0.82为极差。（2）B-IBI评价体系评价结果均表明，黑河上、中游整体健康状况处于良好状态。

To investigate the health status of alpine inland rivers in China， macrobenthos and water samples were collected in July 2019， August 2020 and July 2021 in the upper and middle reaches of the Heihe River. The distribution range and discriminatory ability of biological parameters， as well as correlation analysis were used to construct a B-IBI evaluation system of the Heihe River. The Heihe B-IBI evaluation system was constructed， which was composed of the total number of taxa， the number of aquatic insect taxa， the top three dominant taxa， the percentage of predators， the percentage of sensitive taxa， and the percentage of pollution-tolerant taxa. The results showed that： （1） the river health evaluation grade of the Black River was obtained based on the ratio method： B-IBI>3.28 was healthy， 2.46<B-IBI<3.28 was good， 1.64<B-IBI<2.46 was fair， 0.82<B-IBI<1.64 was poor， and B-IBI<0.82 was very poor. （2） Both the B-IBI evaluation system and the BI index results show that the middle reaches of the Heihe River is in good condition.