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  • 2024 Volume 34 Issue 03
    Published: 05 May 2024
      
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  • Attributes of Specialized Households' Resilience and Its Impact on Rural Industrial Advancement: A Case Study of National Musical Instrument Production Specialized Households in Lankao County, Henan,China
    WU Nalin, WEI Yike, FAN Sizhe, LI Li, SUN Yufan, ZHANG Yan, SHU Yan
    2024, 34(03): 383-400.
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    Specialized households serve as the primary units within specialized villages in China, and their capacity to withstand risks and external influences significantly shapes the future trajectory of specialized villages and the overall vitality of the rural economy. In this study, we established a measurement indicator system based on the definition of specialized households' resilience, elucidating the logical connection between specialized households' resilience and rural industrial development in China. The musical instrument industry in Lankao County, Henan Province of China, was employed as a case; survey data, the entropy method, and an obstacle diagnosis model were used to examine how instrument production specialized households responded to the challenges posed by Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) and the tightening of national environmental protection policies, yielding the following key findings: 1) there exists substantial variation in the comprehensive resilience levels among different specialized households; 2) the ability to learn and adapt is the most significant contributor to the overall resilience level of specialized households; 3) technological proficiency and access to skilled talent emerge as pivotal factors influencing specialized households' resilience; 4) the positioning of specialized households within the industrial supply chain and the stability of their income have a direct bearing on their resilience level. The influence of specialized households' resilience on industrial development primarily manifests in the following ways: stronger resilience correlates with increased stability in production and sales, fostering a more proactive approach to future actions. However, heightened exposure to the external macroeconomic environment can lead to a higher rate of export reduction. To enhance the development resilience of entities like specialized households and family farms, and to invigorate rural economic development, escalating investments in rural science and technology and prioritizing the training of technical talent become imperative.
  • Coupling Coordination Analysis of Cropland Intensification and Agroecosystem Services: Evidence from Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province,China
    FU Shaowu, FU Mengyu, QIU Menglong
    2024, 34(03): 401-419.
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    One of the greatest challenges in the agroecosystem is to improve cropland intensification while preserving agroecosystem services. While many studies have investigated the effect of cropland intensification on agroecosystem service, the interactive coupling and coordination among these factors remain largely unexplored. In view of this, this study performed a case study of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Province, China and constructed comprehensive evaluation models to quantify the cropland intensification and agroecosystem service in this area. Balance analysis and the coupling coordination degree model were used to evaluate the interactive relationship between cropland intensification and agroecosystem service, and statistical analysis and spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the spatial characteristics and potential mechanism of the coupling coordination. Results show that both the cropland intensification and agroecosystem service in the study area were relatively low yet gradually increased from 2000 to 2020. Agroecosystem service lag was identified as the dominant unbalanced development type. Improving the supply capacity of agroecosystem services plays a key role in the balanced development of cropland in the Loess Plateau. The coupling coordination degree between cropland intensification and agroecosystem service ranges from basic coordination to serious incoordination. Therefore, cropland intensification practices in the area should be optimized to enhance this coordination degree. An upward trend was also observed in the coupling coordination degree from2000 to 2020. The withdrawal of marginal cropland in the Grain for Green program is one of the most important reasons for this trend,especially for the northern region. Around 83.6% of the high-high clusters are concentrated in the southern region of the Loess Plateau,whereas 70.5% of the low-low clusters are distributed in the northern region. These clustering characteristics are mainly attributed to the environmental suitability of these areas for agriculture and their degree of economic development.
  • Influencing Factors and Prediction of Risk of Returning to Ecological Poverty in Liupan Mountain Region, China
    CUI Yunxia, LIU Xiaopeng, JIANG Chunmei, TIAN Rujun, NIU Qingrui
    2024, 34(03): 420-435.
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    China has resolved its overall regional poverty in 2020 by attaining moderate societal prosperity. The country has entered a new development stage designed to achieve its second centenary goal. However, ecological fragility and risk susceptibility have increased the risk of returning to ecological poverty. In this paper, the Liupan Mountain Region of China was used as a case study, and the counties were used as the scale to reveal the spatiotempora differentiation and influcing factors of the risk of returning to poverty in study area. The indicator data for returning to ecological poverty from 2011-2020 were collected and summarized in three dimensions:ecological, economic and social. The autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA) time series and exponential smoothing method(ES) were used to predict the multidimensional indicators of returning to ecological poverty for 61 counties(districts) in the Liupan Mountain Region for 2021-2030. The back propagation neural network(BPNN) and geographic information system(GIS) were used to generate the spatial distribution and time variation for the index of the risk of returning to ecological poverty(RREP index). The results show that 1) ecological factors were the main factors in the risk of returning to ecological poverty in Liupan Mountain Region.2) The RREP index for the 61 counties(districts) exhibited a downward trend from 2021-2030. The RREP index declined more in medium-and high-risk areas than in low-risk areas. From 2021 to 2025, the RREP index exhibited a slight downward trend. From 2026 to2030, the RREP index was expected to decline faster, especially from 2029-2030. 3) Based on the RREP index, it can be roughly divided into three types, namely, the high-risk areas, the medium-risk areas, and the low-risk areas. The natural resource conditions in lowrisk areas of returning to ecological poverty, were better than those in medium-and high-risk areas.
  • New Rural Community Construction or Retention Development: A Comparative Analysis of Rural Settlement Transition Mechanism in Plain Agriculture Area of China Based on Actor Network Theory
    QU Yanbo, DONG Xiaozhen, MA Wenqiu, ZHAO Weiying
    2024, 34(03): 436-452.
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    It is an important way to realize rural revitalization and sustainable development to guide rural settlement transition(RST) in an appropriate way. This paper uses actor network theory(ANT) to construct a theoretical framework for the study of RST. Taking two typical villages with different transition paths in rural areas of North China Plain as examples, this paper reveals the mechanism of RST and makes a comparative analysis. The results show that: 1) after identifying problems and obligatory passage point, key actors recruit heterogeneous actors into the actor network by entrusting them with common interests, and realize RST under the system operation.2) Rural settlements under different transition paths have similarities in the problems to be solved, collective actions and policy factors,but there are differences in the transition process, mechanism and effect. The actor network and mechanism of RST through the path of new rural community construction are more complex and the transition effect is more thorough. In contrast, the degree of RST of retention development path is limited if there is no resource and location advantage. 3) Based on the applicable conditions of different paths,this paper designs a logical framework of ‘Situation-Structure-Behavior-Result' to scientifically guide the identification of RST paths under the background of rural revitalization.
  • Influence of Transportation Accessibility on Urban-rural Income Disparity and Its Spatial Heterogeneity
    HUANG Xiaoyan, KANG Chenchen, YIN Chun, TANG Junqing
    2024, 34(03): 453-467.
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    Transportation accessibility has been treated as an important means of reducing the urban-rural income disparity. However,only a few studies have examined the effects of different types of transportation accessibility on urban-rural income disparity and their spatial heterogeneity. Based on data from 285 prefecture-level(and above) Chinese cities in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, this study uses spatial econometric models to examine how highway accessibility and railway accessibility influence the urban-rural income disparity and to identify their spatial heterogeneity. The result reveals that highway accessibility and railway accessibility have ‘coreperiphery' ring-like circle structures. The urban-rural income disparity exhibits strong spatial clustering effects. Both highway accessibility and railway accessibility are negatively associated with urban-rural income disparity, and the former having a greater effect size.Moreover, there is a substitution effect between highway accessibility and railway accessibility in the whole sample. Furthermore, these associations differ in geographic regions. In the central region, highway accessibility is more important in reducing the urban-rural income disparity, but its effect is weakened with the increase of railway accessibility. In the western region, railway accessibility has a larger effect on narrowing the urban-rural income disparity, and this effect is strengthened by the increase of highway accessibility. We conclude that improving transportation accessibility is conducive to reducing the urban-rural income disparity but its effect is spatial heterogenetic. Highways and railways should be developed in a coordinated manner to promote an integrated transport network system.
  • Coordination Mechanism and Empirical Research on Marine Science Technology Innovation and Marine Eco-civilization: A Case Study of Coastal Areas of China
    CHEN Xiaolong, LIANG Chenlu, DI Qianbin
    2024, 34(03): 468-486.
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    Marine science technology innovation provides power and guarantees for marine eco-civilization construction, which provides direction and material support for marine science technology innovation. Therefore, the coordinated development of the two is of great significance to the marine economy sustainable development in China's coastal areas. On the basis of clarifying the connotations of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in China's coastal areas from 2006 to 2019, the mechanism for their coordinated development was analysed. A comprehensive indicator system based on the connotation of the two was constructed, and the coordinated development relationship was empirically tested using the coupled coordination model and the panel vector autoregressive(PVAR) model. The results show that: 1) the level of China's coastal marine science technology innovation continues to improve, gradually forming the core of the development of marine science technology innovation in the north, east and south of Shandong, Shanghai and Guangdong; the level of marine eco-civilization development fluctuating upward trend, showing obvious spatial differentiation characteristics. 2) The degree of coordination of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization is growing over time. There is no causal relationship between marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in the northern marine economic circle, but there is a two-way causal relationship between the two in the eastern and southern marine economic circles.3) Marine eco-civilization shows a significant positive and continuous impact on marine science technology innovation, and marine science technology innovation shows a long-term, continuous, fluctuating, and lagging impact on marine eco-civilization. The overall role of marine eco-civilization on marine science technology innovation is dominant, and there are significant differences in the impact effects of the two major marine economic circles.
  • Historical Changes and Multi-scenario Prediction of Land Use and Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Storage in China
    AN Yue, TAN Xuelan, REN Hui, LI Yinqi, ZHOU Zhou
    2024, 34(03): 487-503.
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    Terrestrial carbon storage(CS) plays a crucial role in achieving carbon balance and mitigating global climate change. This study employs the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and Representative Concentration Pathways(SSPs-RCPs) published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) and incorporates the Policy Control Scenario(PCS) regulated by China's land management policies. The Future Land Use Simulation(FLUS) model is employed to generate a 1 km resolution land use/cover change(LUCC)dataset for China in 2030 and 2060. Based on the carbon density dataset of China's terrestrial ecosystems, the study analyses CS changes and their relationship with land use changes spanning from 1990 to 2060. The findings indicate that the quantitative changes in land use in China from 1990 to 2020 are characterised by a reduction in the area proportion of cropland and grassland, along with an increase in the impervious surface and forest area. This changing trend is projected to continue under the PCS from 2020 to 2060. Under the SSPs-RCPs scenario, the proportion of cropland and impervious surface predominantly increases, while the proportions of forest and grassland continuously decrease. Carbon loss in China's carbon storage from 1990 to 2020 amounted to 0.53 × 1012 kg, primarily due to the reduced area of cropland and grassland. In the SSPs-RCPs scenario, more significant carbon loss occurs, reaching a peak of8.07 × 1012 kg in the SSP4-RCP3.4 scenario. Carbon loss is mainly concentrated in the southeastern coastal area and the Beijing-TianjinHebei(BTH) region of China, with urbanisation and deforestation identified as the primary drivers. In the future, it is advisable to enhance the protection of forests and grassland while stabilising cropland areas and improving the intensity of urban land. These research findings offer valuable data support for China's land management policy, land space optimisation, and the achievement of dual-carbon targets.
  • Can Industrial Structure Upgrading Restrain Industrial Land Expansion? Evidence from China
    CHEN Wei, LI Qiao, ZHANG Sun, ZHOU Xue
    2024, 34(03): 504-518.
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    China has made great achievements in industrial development and is transforming into a powerful manufacturing country.Meanwhile, the industrial land scale is also expanding. However, whether industrial structure upgrading achieves the purpose of restraining industrial land expansion remains unanswered. By calculating the industrial land structure index(ILSI) and industrial land expansion scale(ILES), this study analyzed their temporal and spatial distribution characteristics at both regional and city levels from 2007to 2020 in China. Results show that industrial land expansion presents a different trend in the four regions, the ILES in the eastern region is the largest, and the speed of industrial land expansion has declined since 2013, but it has gradually increased since 2016. The ILSI of the eastern and central regions is higher than that of the western and northeastern regions. Furthermore, a spatial Durbin model(SDM) has been established to estimate the spatial effect of industrial structure upgrading on industrial land expansion from 2007 to2020. Notably, industrial structure upgrading has not slowed industrial land expansion. The eastern and western regions require a greater amount of industrial land while upgrading the industrial structure. The improvement of the infrastructure level and international trade level has promoted industrial land expansion.
  • Influence of Human Activity Intensity on Habitat Quality in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, China
    HAN Nianlong, YU Miao, JIA Peihong, ZHANG Yucheng, HU Ke
    2024, 34(03): 519-532.
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    Due to long-term human activity interference, the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park(HTRNP) of China has experienced ecological problems such as habitat fragmentation and biodiversity loss, and with the expanding scope and intensity of human activity impact, the regional ecological security is facing serious challenges. A scientific assessment of the interrelationship between human activity intensity and habitat quality in the HTRNP is a prerequisite for achieving effective management of ecological disturbances caused by human activities and can also provide scientific strategies for the sustainable development of the region. Based on the land use change data in 2000, 2010, and 2020, the spatial and temporal variations and the relationship between habitat quality(HQ) and human activity intensity(HAI) in the HTRNP were explored using the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model. System dynamics and land use simulation models were also combined to conduct multi-scenario simulations of their relationships. The results showed that during 2000–2020, the habitat quality of the HTRNP improved, the intensity of human activities decreased each year, and there was a negative correlation between the two. Second, the system dynamic model could be well coupled with the land use simulation model by combining socio-economic and natural factors. The simulation scenarios of the coupling model showed that the harmonious development(HD) scenario is effective in curbing the increasing trend of human activity intensity and decreasing trend of habitat quality, with a weaker trade-off between the two compared with the baseline development(BD) and investment priority oriented(IPO) scenarios. To maintain the authenticity and integrity of the HTRNP, effective measures such as ecological corridor construction, ecological restoration, and the implementation of ecological compensation policies need to be strengthened.
  • Multiscale Characteristics and Connection Mechanisms of Attraction Networks: A Trajectory Data Mining Approach Leveraging Geotagged Data
    JIANG Hongqiang, WEI Ye, MEI Lin, WANG Zhaobo
    2024, 34(03): 533-547.
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    Urban tourism is considered a complex system, and multiscale exploration of the organizational patterns of attraction networks has become a topical issue in urban tourism, so exploring the multiscale characteristics and connection mechanisms of attraction networks is important for understanding the linkages between attractions and even the future destination planning. This paper uses geotagging data to compare the links between attractions in Beijing, China during four different periods: the pre-Olympic period(2004–2007), the Olympic Games and subsequent ‘heat period'(2008–2013), the post-Olympic period(2014–2019), and the COVID-19(Corona Virus Disease 2019) pandemic period(2020–2021). The aim is to better understand the evolution and patterns of attraction networks at different scales in Beijing and to provide insights for tourism planning in the destination. The results show that the macro,meso-, and microscales network characteristics of attraction networks have inherent logical relationships that can explain the commonalities and differences in the development process of tourism networks. The macroscale attraction network degree Matthew effect is significant in the four different periods and exhibits a morphological monocentric structure, suggesting that new entrants are more likely to be associated with attractions that already have high value. The mesoscale links attractions according to the common purpose of tourists,and the results of the community segmentation of the attraction networks in the four different periods suggest that the functional polycentric structure describes their clustering effect, and the weak links between clusters result from attractions bound by incomplete information and distance, and the functional polycentric structure with a generally more efficient network of clusters. The pattern structure at the microscale reveals the topological transformation relationship of the regional collaboration pattern, and the attraction network structure in the four different periods has a very similar importance profile structure suggesting that the attraction network has the same construction rules and evolution mechanism, which aids in understanding the attraction network pattern at both macro and micro scales.Important approaches and practical implications for planners and managers are presented.
  • Integration of Multiple Spectral Data via a Logistic Regression Algorithm for Detection of Crop Residue Burned Areas: A Case Study of Songnen Plain, Northeast China
    ZHANG Sumei, ZHANG Yuan, ZHAO Hongmei
    2024, 34(03): 548-563.
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    The burning of crop residues in fields is a significant global biomass burning activity which is a key element of the terrestrial carbon cycle, and an important source of atmospheric trace gasses and aerosols. Accurate estimation of cropland burned area is both crucial and challenging, especially for the small and fragmented burned scars in China. Here we developed an automated burned area mapping algorithm that was implemented using Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument(MSI) data and its effectiveness was tested taking Songnen Plain, Northeast China as a case using satellite image of 2020. We employed a logistic regression method for integrating multiple spectral data into a synthetic indicator, and compared the results with manually interpreted burned area reference maps and the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) MCD64A1 burned area product. The overall accuracy of the single variable logistic regression was 77.38% to 86.90% and 73.47% to 97.14% for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases, respectively. In comparison, the accuracy of the burned area map was improved to 87.14% and 98.33% for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases, respectively by multiple variable logistic regression of Sentind-2 images. The balance of omission error and commission error was also improved. The integration of multiple spectral data combined with a logistic regression method proves to be effective for burned area detection, offering a highly automated process with an automatic threshold determination mechanism. This method exhibits excellent extensibility and flexibility taking the image tile as the operating unit. It is suitable for burned area detection at a regional scale and can also be implemented with other satellite data.
  • Comparative Assessment of Impacts of Future Climate Change on Runoff in Upper Daqinghe Basin, China
    INGABIRE Romaine, CHANG Yuru, LIU Xia, CAO Bo, UMUGWANEZA Adeline, SHEN Yanjun
    2024, 34(03): 564-578.
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    Assessing runoff changes is of great importance especially its responses to the projected future climate change on local scale basins because such analyses are generally done on global and regional scales which may lead to generalized conclusions rather than specific ones. Climate change affected the runoff variation in the past in the upper Daqinghe Basin, however, the climate was mainly considered uncertain and still needs further studies, especially its future impacts on runoff for better water resources management and planning. Integrated with a set of climate simulations, a daily conceptual hydrological model(MIKE11-NAM) was applied to assess the impact of climate change on runoff conditions in the Daomaguan, Fuping and Zijingguan basins in the upper Daqinghe Basin. Historical hydrological data(2008–2017) were used to evaluate the applicability of the MIKE11-NAM model. After bias correction, future projected climate change and its impacts on runoff(2025–2054) were analysed and compared to the baseline period(1985–2014) under three shared social economic pathways(SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) scenarios from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6) simulations. The MIKE-11 NAM model was applicable in all three Basins, with both R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficients greater than 0.6 at daily scale for both calibration(2009–2011) and validation(2012–2017) periods, respectively. Although uncertainties remain, temperature and precipitation are projected to increase compared to the baseline where higher increases in precipitation and temperature are projected to occur under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively in all the basins. Precipitation changes will range between 12%–19% whereas temperature change will be 2.0°C–2.5°C under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively. In addition, higher warming is projected to occur in colder months than in warmer months. Overall, the runoff of these three basins is projected to respond to projected climate changes differently because runoff is projected to only increase in the Fuping basin under SSP2-4.5 whereas decreases in both Daomaguan and Zijingguan Basins under all scenarios. This study's findings could be important when setting mitigation strategies for climate change and water resources management.