In order to investigate the mechanism of curcumin in reversing the resistance of non-small cell lung cancer to gefitinib,which is a kind of anticancer drug,and thus improve the efficacy of gefitinib,the A549 cell line was used as the experimental cell,and the gefitinib-resistant A549（A549／GR）cell line was successfully established.A549／GR cell line was divided into four treatment groups:control group,gefitinib group,curcumin group,and a combination group of gefitinib and curcumin.Cell Counting Kit-8（CCK-8）,colony formation,transwell,and flow cytometry were used to eval- uate the cell viability,colony formation capacity,migration,invasion,and apoptosis of A549 and A549／GR cells,respec- tively.The protein expression related to apoptosis,epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）,and AKT signaling was studied using Western blot experiment,and the expression level of MET and AXL genes in A549 and A549／GR cells was de- tected by RT-PCR experiment.The results were as follows:①The combination of gefitinib and curcumin had synergistic effects,which enhanced chemosensitivity and cell apoptosis,and inhibited cell proliferation,colony formation,migration and invasion at the same time;②Western blot showed that curcumin significantly enhanced the ability of gefitinib to reverse EMT of A54／GR cells,induce apoptosis and inhibit AKT signaling;③RT-PCR experimental results showed that the up-reg- ulated MET and AXL signaling might be involved in the process of A549 cells resistant to gefitinib.In conclusion,the above results showed that curcumin could reverse the EMT of A549／GR cells through inhibiting the AKT signaling pathway,effec- tively enhance the sensitivity of cells to gefitinib,and promote the apoptosis of tumor cell.

To explore the degrading capacity towards fluorene（a model compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs）,and metabolic pathway of Burkholderia sp.FM-2,which is a strain isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil,and to evaluate the application potential of immobilized biological agents,a series of relevant experiments were conducted by al- tering degradation environmental conditions.Gas chromatography was used to determine the fluorene degradation efficiency of the strain,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）was employed to detect the intermediate products of degra- dation,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）was utilized to observe the surface microstructure of biochar and the adsorp- tion of immobilized agents,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）was applied to investigate the changes in surface functional groups of biochar and immobilized agents.The results showed that:①When the strain was cultured for 3 d at a fluorene mass concentration range of 100~500mg/L,the degradation rate was all above 50% ;under the conditions of temperature 20~30℃, pH7-9,and salinity 0~5g/L,the degradation rate of 300mg/L fluorene remained above 50% after 3 d of inoculation.②By analyzing the intermediate metabolites,its degradation pathway was inferred as follows,i.e.9-fluo- renol is generated through the monohydroxylation reaction of the five-membered ring,which is then converted to 9 -fluo- renone,and finally o-phthalic acid is produced for continuous metabolism.③After comparing three types of biochar,straw biochar was selected to prepare immobilized agents by adsorption method,which increased the fluorene degradation rate to 96.74% ,and the immobilized agent still maintained a degradation rate of over 80% after three cycles of reuse.

To clarify the cultural relics pests that damage the frescoes and clay sculptures in the Dule Temple in Jizhou Dis- trict of Tianjin,the pests occurring in the frescoes and clay sculptures in this temple were investigated.The classification and identification were conducted based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding technology.The results illustrated that:① The main pests of frescoes were Anthophora melanognatha,Trogoderma variabile,Tineola sp.,Uroctea sp.and Gibbium aequinoctiale;② The statistical analysis of all the holes of frescoes showed that the most pests inhabited in the holes with diameter less than 0.80 cm and depth less than 7.00 cm ;③ The depth of holes of Uroctea sp.had significant dif- ference with that of Tineola sp.,Trogoderma variabile,and A nthophora melanognatha (P<0.05),the depth of holes between Anthophora melanognatha and Tineola spp.also had significant differences (P<0.05),Tineola sp.had significant difference with Uroctea sp.and Anthophora melanognatha in the diameter of the holes (P<0.05) ,and there was also significant differ- ence in the diameter of the holes between Trogoderma variabile and Anthophora melanognatha (P<0.05);④The main pests of the clay sculpture were Trogoderma variabile,Uroctea sp.,Gibbium aequinoctiale,and Sphecidae sp.,and Anthophora melanognatha also nested in the chest of the Eleven-faced Avalokitesvara clay sculpture;⑤The related pests were eliminat- ed comprehensively using different methods and equipment,including insect-attracting method through colorful sticky boards,sugar-acetic acid-ethanol liquid,as well as pesticide spraying,injection and fumigation,etc.

In order to improve the accuracy and credibility of the assessment of water environment and the traceability of pollution, based on the data from six routine monitoring sections of Mulan River from 2015 to 2019, the Monte Carlo simulation method was used to calculate the comprehensive pollution index (H). The influencing factors of the comprehensive pollution index were identified through correlation and sensitivity analysis. Finally, the positive matrix factor model (PMF) was used to trace the pollution. The results showed that: ① From 2015 to 2019, the H value in the study area was 0.67-0.81, and the water quality showed an overall improvement trend except for slight fluctuations in 2017 and 2018. There was a significant deterioration from upstream to downstream, with partial improvement in P4 section and P5 section in the middle reaches, which were influenced by land use types. ② Correlation analysis showed that P3 section in upstream had the greatest impact on the regional H value in 2015 and 2018, when pollution levels were severe, while P6 section in downstream had the greatest impact on the regional H value in 2016, 2017, and 2019, when pollution levels were relatively low. Sensitivity analysis showed that TN was the main influencing indicator of the comprehensive pollution index in the studied area. ③ PMF traceability results indicated that the order of contribution rates of pollution sources in the studied area during flood season were agricultural pollution (33.5%) > domestic sewage and industrial wastewater (31.0%) > organic pollution sources (21.2%) > seasonal effects (14.3%), and the order of contribution rates of pollution sources during non-flood season were agricultural pollution (25.0%) > domestic sewage (22.0%) > seasonal effects (20.3%) > organic pollution sources (18.1%) > industrial point sources (14.6%).

To elucidate the spatial variation patterns and influencing mechanisms of soil organic carbon density, the Bohai Rim region was selected as the studied area. Based on the soil datasets of SoilGrids250 m, HWSD, WISE30sec and GSDE, ArcGIS technology was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon density and storage. The effects of soil physicochemical properties, climate, and topographic factors on soil organic carbon density were explored through correlation analysis and random forest methods. The results showed that: ① In the Bohai Rim region, soil organic carbon density gradually increased from the southwest to the northeast at depths of [0, 30] cm, (30, 100] cm, and (100, 200]cm; ② There was spatial heterogeneity in soil organic carbon density estimated from the four datasets, mainly manifested in the eastern part of Liaoning Province and the northern part of Hebei Province. ③ There were differences in soil organic carbon storage under different land use types. The soil organic carbon storage in dry land was the highest, followed by forest land, grassland, and urban and rural land. ④ Total nitrogen, temperature, precipitation and normalized difference vegetation index were the main factors influencing soil organic carbon density.

To investigate the pollution characteristics, health risks, and sources of radioactive nuclides uranium (U) and thorium (Th) in Beidagang Reservoir, their concentrations in the water were determined using solid-phase extraction coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The pollution level and health risks posed by U and Th were assessed via the Nemerow composite pollution index method and health risk models, incorporating Monte-Carlo simulations. Finally, pollution source apportionment was conducted using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The results showed that: ① The activity concentrations of U and Th in the water of Beidagang Reservoir were (50.5 ± 16.5) mBq/L and (0.074 ± 0.034) mBq/L, respectively. Concentrations during the dry season were higher than those in the wet season, primarily due to reduced precipitation recharge and enhanced evaporation. ② During the wet season, the probabilities of the water being at clean and relatively clean levels were 3.16% and 96.80%, respectively, with a 0.04% probability of slight pollution. In the dry season, the probability of the water being at clean and relatively clean levels were 0% and 83.50%, while the probabilities of slight and moderate pollution were 16.14% and 0.36%, respectively. ③ The total carcinogenic risk index of U and Th was 13.93 × 10^-6, indicating a potential carcinogenic risk. The chemical toxicity hazard quotient was minimal, suggesting that chemical toxicity could be neglected. ④ The pollution source analysis results showed that the main sources of radioactive nuclide U in Beidagang Reservoir were soil, agriculture, marine, and industrial, with contribution rates of 24.6%, 50.8%, 20.9%, and 3.7%, respectively. The main sources of Th were soil, marine, and industrial, with contribution rates of 57.6%, 32.6%, and 9.8%, respectively.

In order to obtain the spatial distribution of crops in Yutian County, explore the distribution laws of crops, and visualize the distribution of crop structures, the areas of major crops in Yutian County were extracted, and a thematic atlas was formed and visualized using remote sensing images and combining supervised classification with crop phenological periods. The results show that the crop extraction effect is good, and the area accuracy reaches 88%; the color matching of the thematic atlas is a combination of cold and warm tones, which overall has a certain sense of balance. The thematic map design aims to present the crop planting structure of Yutian County to the public, focus on the visualization of crop spatial distribution, and reflect the agricultural planting characteristics of Yutian County. The proposed methods and design concepts can provide not only method references and idea references for the design of similar types of atlases, but also literature materials for related scientific research and public science popularization education.

In image quality assessment, regarding the issue that the Transformer model is unable to capture features of images across varying scales and positions, a hybrid model based on Res2Net and ViT (Vision Transformer) for no-reference image quality assessment is proposed. By leveraging the multi-scale and cross-scale connections of Res2Net, the model expands the receptive field and enhances feature representation capabilities, thereby obtaining more helpful image details. The feature images generated by Res2Net replace the original image patches as Transformer inputs, and the Transformer are used to capture global feature, so that the hybrid model can balance the detail information and global information of the image. Experiments are conducted on both real-world distortion datasets and synthetic distortion datasets. The results show that the proposed model exhibits excellent assessment performance and possesses certain generalization ability, the overall performance is superior to other CNN-based models.