Application of one-way wave equation illumination analysis in the design of seismic observation system
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LI Jinxin,male,born in 1998,assistant engineer,focusing on seismic exploration for mineral prospecting. E-mail: 787234017@qq.com |
Received date: 2025-03-31
Revised date: 2025-05-07
Online published: 2025-11-06
Supported by
CNNC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Uranium Resource Geophysical Exploration(WDZC-2024-)
Seismic Exploration Project in the Hulihaixiushui area from Hulihai,Tongliao city,Inner Mongolia to Xiushui,Shuangliao city, Jilin province by China Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau(202311-2)
Seismic Exploration Project in the Xinzhao-Yihewusu area,Ordos city,Inner Mongolia(202401-10)
High-quality field seismic data are fundamental to the refined processing of seismic signals and the accurate interpretation of geological information. A scientifically designed observation system is essential to ensure data quality and imaging effectiveness. In complex geological settings,traditional acquisition systems are prone to insufficient energy coverage and imaging shadow zones,which hinder the identification of reflection signals and the detailed delineation of target structures. To enhance seismic imaging performance under such conditions,this study conducts a systematic investigation into acquisition parameter optimization for observation systems in structurally complex areas,based on an illumination analysis approach using the one-way wave equation. Forward illumination analysis is first employed to optimize the layout of sources and receivers, thereby improving energy coverage over target horizons. Subsequently,reverse illumination analysis is used to refine shot point densification,receiver array length,and channel spacing,aiming to enhance energy acquisition and wavefield coverage. A two-dimensional geological model is constructed,and forward modeling is performed to quantitatively compare the illumination energy distribution before and after optimization,leading to the determination of acquisition parameters that meet imaging requirements. Results show that the optimized observation system effectively reduces imaging shadows in complex structural zones,improves profile continuity and reflection energy response,and exhibits strong adaptability and engineering feasibility. The proposed optimization workflow has been applied and validated in an actual survey area,demonstrating consistent improvements in imaging performance. This work confirmed the practical value of illumination-based analysis in the acquisition design for complex geological conditions and established a parameter configuration methodology suitable for fault-intensive zones and sand body development areas,which will provide a replicable design reference and technical path for future seismic exploration.
LI Jinxin , ZHAO Wei , NING Yuanli , YANG Xiaoliu , ZHU Shengwei , WANG Ruowen . Application of one-way wave equation illumination analysis in the design of seismic observation system[J]. World Nuclear Geoscience, 2025 , 42(3) : 582 -595 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0636.2025.03.009
表1 工作区各地层地球物理模型参数Table 1 Geophysical model parameters of the various layers of the work area |
| 层位 | 双程时/ms | 均方根速度/(m·s-1) | 层速度/(m·s-1) | 深度/m | 主频/Hz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 295 | 1 585 | 1 585 | 234 | 60 |
| T2 | 420 | 1 775 | 2 158 | 373 | 45 |
| T3 | 605 | 1 980 | 2 381 | 599 | 45 |
| T4 | 800 | 2 185 | 2 725 | 874 | 40 |
| T5 | 955 | 2 310 | 2 870 | 1 103 | 40 |
| T6 | 1 210 | 2 470 | 2 994 | 1 494 | 35 |
图2 道间距激发能量试验图a—道间距5 m激发能量;b—道间距10 m激发能量;c—道间距15 m激发能量;d—道间距20 m激发能量。 Fig. 2 Test diagram of channel spacing excitation energy a-Excitation energy with 5 m trace interval;b-Excitation energy with 10 m trace interval;c-Excitation energy with 15 m trace interval;d-Excitation energy with 20 m trace interval. |
图3 最大偏移距激发能量差异试验图a—2.0 km与2.4 km偏移距时差异值;b—2.0 km与2.2 km偏移距时差异值;c—2.0 km与1.8 km偏移距时差异值;d—2.0 km与1.6 km偏移距时差异值。 Fig. 3 Test diagram of energy difference for maximum offset distance excitation a-Difference between 2.0 km and 2.4 km offset;b-Difference between 2.0 km and 2.2 km offset;c-Difference between 2.0 km and 1.8 km offset;d-Difference between 2.0 km and 1.6 km offset. |
图10 基于照明分析观测系统优化前后对比图Fig.10 Comparison of observation system configurations before and after optimization based on illumination analysis |
图11 观测系统优化前后叠加剖面对比图Fig. 11 Comparison of stacked sections before and after observation system optimization |
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