Typological characteristics and prospecting significance of pyrite in the Shulouqiu uranium deposit in northern Guangdong
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ZHOU Tangbo,male,born in 1991,engineer,focusing on uranium exploration and research. E-mail:550310423@qq.com |
Received date: 2024-12-30
Revised date: 2025-01-23
Online published: 2025-11-07
Supported by
the Central Financial Fund Project(jurisdiction of the China Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau)
the Central Financial Fund Project(202238)under the planning)
Pyrite is the most common metal sulfide mineral in mineral deposits,mostly formed at the stages of uranium mineralization. Its typological characteristics have important indicative significance for deep mineral exploration and prediction. This article uses electron microscopy,powder diffraction,thermoelectric analyzer,and electron probe system to analyze the typological characteristics of pyrite at different mineralization stages and elevations in the Shulouqiu uranium deposit. The research results show that the n(S)/n(Fe) values of pyrite in this area indicate a deficiency in S characteristics. Analysis of characteristic elements such as δFe,δS,As,Se,Co,Ni,etc. shows that the genesis of pyrite in this area is mainly magmatic hydrothermal. The characteristics of the crystal cell parameters of pyrite indicate that the substitution of S with As in a isomorphic form is the main cause of the increase in a0 and also an important factor leading to the precipitation of U element. The thermoelectric coefficient value (a)of pyrite is -301.0~332.2 μV·℃-1,and the thermal conductivity type is mainly P-type. The formation temperature of pyrite is 74~386 ℃,belonging to a medium low temperature deposit. The thermal electric coefficient dispersion (δa′)of pyrite indicates a mineralization period with a δa’of 82.1,indicating a relatively stable mineralization environment and a weak degree of superposition;The δa’values in the early and late stages of mineralization are 201.6 and 224.9,respectively,indicating that they may have been formed by the superposition of multiple stages of hydrothermal fluids,with a relatively high degree of superposition; The δa′ values at each stage gradually decrease with the decrease of levels,and are relatively concentrated,indicating that the mineralization become relatively better as the depth increases. The thermoelectric parameter Xnp of pyrite is -40.0~61.0,and the erosion percentage(γ) of the ore body is 34.8 %~60.0 %,with an average of 48.9,indicating that the deposit has been eroded to the middle and still has significant extension in the deeper part. Comprehensive analysis suggests that there is still good mineralization and prospecting potential in the deep part of the deposit.
Tangbo ZHOU , Jun LI , Xinwen GUO , Junjun CHEN , Haiqiang ZHANG , Chunhui JIANG , Tonghang WU , Yongsheng MA . Typological characteristics and prospecting significance of pyrite in the Shulouqiu uranium deposit in northern Guangdong[J]. World Nuclear Geoscience, 2025 , 42(1) : 60 -75 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0636.2025.01.005
图2 书楼丘铀矿床黄铁矿镜下特征a—成矿前期黄铁矿(PyⅠ)产于粗粒石英脉内;b—微晶石英脉体中粒状黄铁矿(PyⅠ)被沥青铀矿包裹;c—与沥青铀矿产于同一条石英脉内的黄铁矿(PyII);d—沥青铀矿内部包裹有角砾状、碎块状黄铁矿(PyII);e—呈自形立方体、八面体的黄铁矿(PyIII),生长于成矿晚期石英脉内;f—呈不规则粒状、块状,矿物边缘和棱角变圆滑的黄铁矿(PyIII);a~f—反射光照片;Qtz—石英;Pit—沥青铀矿;Py—黄铁矿。 Fig. 2 Microscopic characteristics of pyrite in Shulouqiu uranium deposit a-Early mineralization of pyrite (PyⅠ)occurred within coarse-grained quartz veins;b-Granular pyrite (PyⅠ)in microcrystalline quartz veins is enveloped by pitchblende;c-Pyrite (PyII) located within the same quartz vein as bituminous uranium minerals;d-The interior of pitchblende is wrapped with angular and fragmented pyrite (PyII);e-A self shaped cubic and octahedral pyrite,grows within quartz veins during the late stage of mineralization(PyIII);f-Pyrite in irregular granular and blocky form,with mineral edges and corners becoming smooth(PyIII);A~f are all reflected light photos;Qtz-Quartz;Pit-pitchblende;Py-Pyrite. |
表1 书楼丘铀矿床黄铁矿晶胞参数特征Table 1 Characteristics of crystal cell parameters of pyrite in Shulouqiu uranium deposit |
| 样品编号 | 成矿阶段 | 标高/m | a0/nm | ∆a0/nm | V0/nm3 | ∆V0/nm3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLQ-1 | PyⅠ | 300 | 0.554 18 | 0.012 51 | 0.159 11 | 0.000 11 |
| SLQ-2 | 0 | 0.542 20 | 0.000 53 | 0.159 24 | 0.000 24 | |
| SLQ-3 | -400 | 0.551 22 | 0.009 55 | 0.167 48 | 0.008 48 | |
| SLQ-4 | PyⅡ | 300 | 0.542 62 | 0.000 95 | 0.159 76 | 0.000 76 |
| SLQ-5 | 300 | 0.542 10 | 0.000 43 | 0.159 28 | 0.000 28 | |
| SLQ-6 | 0 | 0.541 97 | 0.000 30 | 0.159 21 | 0.000 21 | |
| SLQ-7 | 0 | 0.542 02 | 0.000 35 | 0.159 24 | 0.000 24 | |
| SLQ-8 | -400 | 0.551 78 | 0.010 11 | 0.167 99 | 0.008 99 | |
| SLQ-9 | -400 | 0.543 97 | 0.002 30 | 0.160 96 | 0.001 96 | |
| SLQ-10 | PyⅢ | 300 | 0.543 41 | 0.001 74 | 0.160 46 | 0.001 46 |
| SLQ-11 | 0 | 0.542 99 | 0.001 32 | 0.160 09 | 0.001 09 | |
| SLQ-12 | -400 | 0.543 22 | 0.001 55 | 0.160 30 | 0.001 30 |
表2 书楼丘铀矿床黄铁矿热电性参数特征Table 2 Characteristics of thermoelectric parameters of pyrite in Shulouqiu uranium deposit |
| 样品编号 | 成矿期次 | 标高/m | αN区间/(μV·℃-1) | 频率/% | αP区间/(μV·℃-1) | 频率/% | 离散度 | Xnp | 剥蚀度 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| max | min | 平均值 | max | min | 平均值 | ||||||||
| SLQ-1 | PyⅠ | 300 | -42.3 | -301.0 | -119.7 | 52 | 304.9 | 28.9 | 202.7 | 48 | 520.9 | -28.0 | 57.0 |
| SLQ-2 | 0 | -31.1 | -31.1 | -31.1 | 1 | 328.7 | 17.3 | 141.6 | 99 | 44.8 | 11.0 | 47.3 | |
| SLQ-3 | -400 | -30.2 | -300.5 | -233.7 | 8 | 330.6 | 18.5 | 147.6 | 92 | 39.2 | -2.5 | 50.6 | |
| SLQ-4 | PyⅡ | 300 | -107.5 | -138.4 | -123.0 | 2 | 322.7 | 8.6 | 121.2 | 98 | 64.0 | 8.0 | 48.0 |
| SLQ-5 | 300 | — | — | — | — | 307.6 | 84.7 | 205.9 | 100 | 21.9 | 61.0 | 34.8 | |
| SLQ-6 | 0 | -40.4 | -166.1 | -73.9 | 5 | 241.8 | 11.6 | 73.5 | 95 | 82.1 | -3.0 | 50.8 | |
| SLQ-7 | 0 | -5.1 | -123.3 | -77.1 | 6 | 332.2 | 28.6 | 218.0 | 94 | 152.7 | 54.0 | 36.5 | |
| SLQ-8 | -400 | -1.8 | -159.7 | -40.5 | 26 | 241.8 | 1.7 | 72.4 | 74 | 51.5 | -24.0 | 56.0 | |
| SLQ-9 | -400 | -6.8 | -243.9 | -99.3 | 15 | 295.7 | 3.5 | 115.9 | 85 | 120.6 | -9.0 | 52.3 | |
| SLQ-10 | PyⅢ | 300 | -3.3 | -200.3 | -76.8 | 50 | 259.5 | 8.2 | 130.3 | 50 | 465.8 | -40.0 | 60.0 |
| SLQ-11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 322.3 | 5.0 | 187.1 | 100 | 47.2 | 44.0 | 39.0 | |
| SLQ-12 | -400 | -10.2 | -163.6 | -61.0 | 28.0 | 294.9 | 8.3 | 111.1 | 72 | 161.7 | -18.0 | 54.5 | |
注:“—”表示低于检测限 |
表3 书楼丘铀矿床黄铁矿主微量元素含量分析结果/%Table 3 Analysis results of main and trace element content of pyrite in Shulouqiu uranium deposit/% |
| 样品编号 | 成矿期次 | S | Fe | As | Se | Ag | Sb | Cu | Zn | Cd | Pb | Au | Te | Ni | Co | Cr | U | Total | n(S)/n(Fe) | w(Co)/ w(Ni) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLQ-1-01 | Py Ⅰ | 52.77 | 47.20 | — | — | — | — | 0.11 | — | — | 0.27 | — | 0.03 | — | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.013 | 100.54 | 1.96 | — |
| SLQ-1-02 | 53.07 | 47.19 | — | — | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.02 | — | 0.82 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.016 | 101.40 | 1.97 | 36.00 | |
| SLQ-1-03 | 51.35 | 44.37 | 0.15 | — | 0.01 | — | 1.42 | — | — | 0.20 | — | 0.20 | — | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.001 | 97.79 | 2.03 | — | |
| SLQ-2-01 | 53.16 | 47.63 | 0.08 | — | — | — | 0.02 | 0.04 | — | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.02 | — | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.017 | 101.21 | 1.95 | — | |
| SLQ-2-02 | 51.36 | 46.04 | 0.28 | — | 0.02 | — | 0.17 | — | 0.01 | 0.34 | — | 0.04 | — | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.021 | 98.40 | 1.95 | — | |
| SLQ-2-03 | 52.86 | 47.17 | 0.54 | 0.05 | — | — | 0.05 | 0.02 | — | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.054 | 101.17 | 1.96 | 12.13 | |
| SLQ-3-01 | 51.46 | 45.40 | 0.21 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.03 | — | — | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.022 | 97.37 | 1.98 | — | |
| SLQ-3-02 | 52.31 | 47.72 | 0.39 | 0.03 | — | — | 0.12 | — | 0.01 | 0.19 | — | 0.01 | — | 0.12 | 0.14 | 0.036 | 101.08 | 1.92 | — | |
| SLQ-4-01 | Py Ⅱ | 53.10 | 46.19 | 0.67 | — | 0.02 | — | 0.13 | — | 0.02 | 0.36 | 0.05 | — | — | 0.08 | — | 0.345 | 100.97 | 2.01 | — |
| SLQ-4-02 | 53.68 | 47.00 | 0.89 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | — | — | 0.06 | — | 0.01 | 0.07 | — | 0.229 | 102.01 | 2.00 | 9.57 | |
| SLQ-5-01 | 53.83 | 46.50 | 0.63 | — | 0.01 | — | 0.02 | 0.04 | — | 0.10 | — | — | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.03 | 0.118 | 101.47 | 2.03 | 22.63 | |
| SLQ-5-02 | 53.84 | 47.26 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | — | — | 0.04 | — | — | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.771 | 102.15 | 2.01 | — | |
| SLQ-6-01 | 53.10 | 47.11 | 1.09 | 0.05 | — | — | 0.02 | — | — | 0.04 | — | — | — | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.985 | 102.50 | 1.97 | — | |
| SLQ-7-01 | 52.68 | 47.07 | — | — | — | — | 0.08 | — | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.03 | — | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.697 | 100.72 | 1.96 | 88.00 | |
| SLQ-8-01 | 50.56 | 45.77 | — | — | — | — | 0.01 | 0.03 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.546 | 97.05 | 1.93 | — | |
| SLQ-9-01 | 51.80 | 46.37 | 1.11 | 0.02 | — | — | 0.14 | 0.05 | — | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.09 | — | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.391 | 100.13 | 1.96 | — | |
| SLQ-10-01 | Py Ⅲ | 52.26 | 47.50 | 0.74 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.00 | 0.43 | — | — | 0.01 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 0.031 | 101.36 | 1.93 | 22.00 |
| SLQ-10-02 | 52.63 | 46.77 | 0.32 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.01 | — | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.021 | 99.96 | 1.97 | — | |
| SLQ-10-03 | 52.29 | 46.67 | 0.48 | — | 0.02 | — | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.31 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.06 | 0.016 | 100.09 | 1.96 | 58.00 | |
| SLQ-11-01 | 53.45 | 46.86 | 0.73 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.09 | — | 0.03 | 0.10 | 0.28 | 0.002 | 101.86 | 2.00 | 3.33 | |
| SLQ-11-02 | 51.95 | 46.67 | 1.26 | — | — | 0.03 | 0.14 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.31 | — | — | — | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.035 | 100.58 | 1.95 | — | |
| SLQ-12-01 | 52.93 | 45.85 | 0.84 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.06 | — | 0.01 | 0.48 | — | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.034 | 100.35 | 2.02 | 6.30 | |
| SLQ-12-02 | 53.37 | 46.91 | 0.01 | — | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.07 | — | 0.00 | — | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.008 | 100.62 | 1.99 | — | |
| SLQ-12-03 | 51.75 | 44.55 | 0.04 | — | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.01 | — | — | 0.72 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.011 | 97.27 | 2.03 | 86.00 |
注:“—”表示低于检测限 |
图6 书楼丘铀矿床黄铁矿微量元素与主要元素Fe、S关系图a—黄铁矿Fe-Ni关系图;b—黄铁矿Fe-Co关系图;c—黄铁矿S-As关系图;d—黄铁矿S-Se关系图;e—黄铁矿S-Te关系图;f—黄铁矿S-Sb关系图。 Fig. 6 Relationship between trace elements and main elements Fe and S in pyrite of Shulouqiu uranium deposit a-Fe-Ni relationship diagram of pyrite;b-Fe-Co relationship diagram of pyrite;c-S-As relationship diagram of pyrite;d-S-Se relationship diagram of pyrite;e-S-Te relationship diagram of pyrite;f-S-Sb relationship diagram of pyrite. |
图9 黄铁矿热电系数离散度、标高与P型黄铁矿频率关系图a—黄铁矿热电系数-温度图解;b—黄铁矿热电系数-标高图解。 Fig. 9 Relationship diagram between thermal electric coefficient dispersion,elevation and frequency of P-type pyrite a-Thermoelectric coefficient temperature diagram of pyrite;b-Thermal electric coefficient of pyrite-elevation diagram. |
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