Soil microbial necromass is a major components of stable soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) pools, and their responses to climate warming vary across different ecosystem types. To elucidate the feedbacks of soil C and N to global warming in subtropical forests, this study was conducted in a mature Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata) forest, based on a long-term field soil warming platform with a temperature increase of 4 ℃. Two treatments—warming(W) and control(CT) were established to systematically investigate the effects of warming on soil microbial necromass carbon(MNC), microbial necromass nitrogen(MNN), and their accumulation coefficients(Nitrogen Accumulation Coefficient for Carbon, NAC; Nitrogen Accumulation Coefficient for Nitrogen, NAN). The results showed that warming significantly increased soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC) by 36.56%, while significantly decreasing soil moisture(30.25%) and free amino acid content(27.37%). The composition of microbial necromass also exhibited subtle changes: the proportions of fungal necromass C and N relative to total microbial necromass C and N decreased slightly, whereas the proportion of bacterial necromass N increased slightly. However, long-term warming did not significantly alter the total contents of soil MNC and MNN or the values of NAC and NAN, indicating that the microbial necromass maintained a dynamic equilibrium under warming conditions. Correlation analysis revealed that microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN) was significantly and positively correlated with MNC and MNN contents, and dissolved organic carbon(DOC) was also significantly positively correlated with NAC, suggesting that MBN and DOC are key regulators of microbial necromass accumulation. In conclusion, under long-term warming, soil microbial necromass pool in subtropical Chinese fir forests may maintain the dynamic equilibrium through microbial thermal adaptation or C-N coupling mechanisms. These findings provide important theoretical support for a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen retention in subtropical forest soils and their feedback relationships with climate change.

本研究介绍并讨论了土壤有机质形成转化过程机制研究的发展脉络，着眼于全球气候变化和人类活动，深入探讨气候因素、土壤理化性质和植被因素等生物和非生物因子对有机质形成过程的效应。在总结土壤有机质组分的研究成果的基础上，提出未来土壤有机质研究应构建精确数字模型、明确成分来源和厘清土壤矿物-有机组分间耦合动态3个方面的研究建议，以期更好地揭示土壤有机质形成转化过程的机制。

This study investigated the responses of extracellular enzyme activities and their stoichiometric ratios to nitrogen(N) addition in rhizosphere and bulk soils of a subtropical Castanopsis carlesii natural forest.Based on a long-term simulated N deposition platform, the activities of β-glucosidase(βG),leucine aminopeptidase(LAP),β-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG), and acid phosphatase(AP) were measured during both growing and non-growing seasons.Enzyme stoichiometric ratios(C/NEEA,C/PEEA,N/PEEA),vector length and angle, and rhizosphere effects were calculated.Key findings include, 1) compared with the non-growing season, βG activities in rhizosphere and bulk soils increased significantly by 7.8 and 24.1 times respectively, during the growing season, whereas AP activities decreased by 41.0% and 40.1%(P<0.05).2) During the growing season, low-N addition increased rhizosphere soil βG activity by 6.2% and significantly increased C/PEEA and vector length, while enzyme vector angles decreased significantly in both rhizosphere and bulk soils(P<0.05).During the non-growing season, low-N addition decreased rhizosphere βG activity by 41.3% and significantly lowering C/PEEA,C/NEEA,and vector length. Under high-N addition, bulk soil AP activity declined by 44.9%, accompanied by significant decreases in C/PEEA and N/PEEA(P<0.05).3) During the non-growing season, high-N addition strengthened positive rhizosphere effects of βG,C/PEEA,N/PEEA,indicating enhanced carbon demand in rhizosphere microorganisms.Meanwhile, the strengthened negative rhizosphere effect on enzyme vector angle reflected aggravated phosphorus limitation in bulk soil microorganisms(P<0.05).4) Soil available phosphorus content was the most important factor explaining seasonal and nitrogen-induced variations in enzyme activities in both rhizosphere and bulk soils.Soil moisture and available nitrogen were also significant factors influencing soil enzyme activities.These results offer a scientific basis for nutrient management and sustainable protection of subtropical natural forests under the background of nitrogen deposition.

Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) is a highly stable carbon pool in forest soils, and its decomposition mineralization response to soil moisture is critical for understanding the feedbacks of soil carbon sequestration under global change. To reveal the regulatory mechanisms of soil moisture conditions on MAOM mineralization under exogenous carbon input, an incubation experiment was conducted using MAOM from six typical forest ecosystems in China. Two moisture levels, 20%(W20) and 60%(W60) of the maximum water holding capacity, were applied with the addition of beech litter(Fagus sylvatica L.). Continuous measurements of respiration rate, cumulative respiration, and their effect sizes were performed, and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were analyzed. The results showed that, 1) MAOM mineralization exhibited of“rapid release in the early stage followed by a slower increase”. With the respiration peak in W20 lagging behind that in W60. 2) Low moisture significantly enhanced the respiration effect, with the cumulative respiration effect values(ER20) in W20 generally higher than those in W60(ER60). The interaction between moisture and incubation time was overall nonsignificant, indicating a relatively stable regulatory effect of moisture on MAOM mineralization over time. 3) Redundancy analysis showed that ER20 was positively correlated with soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and acid phosphatase activity, and ER60 was positively correlated with β-glucosidase and β-N-acetylglucosaminse activities, but was negatively limited by ammonium nitrogen and clay particle content. This study highlights the divergent mechanisms by which exogenous carbon drives MAOM mineralization under different moisture conditions, providing important insights into the stability and feedbacks of forest soil carbon pools in the context of global change.

As one of the most important greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide(CO₂) plays a critical role in regulating the stability of the global climate system and maintaining the balance of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Warming experiments, as a key approach to simulating climate warming scenarios, can reveal the influence mechanisms of temperature rise on key ecological processes such as soil respiration, carbon fixation and greenhouse gas emissions under controllable conditions.However, a comprehensive and systematic review and summary of the relevant research on the effects of warming experiments on CO₂ emissions is still lacking. Based on the Web of Science(WOS) database, English literatures with themes related to “Warming Experiment” and “CO₂” during the period from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2024 were collected as the data sources. Knowledge graph analysis was carried out with the aid of Cite Space and VOS viewer software to construct the co-occurrence network of keywords, authors and research institutions, and systematically sort out the research status, hot topics and development trends in this field. The results indicate that, 1) since 2017, studies on warming experiments and CO₂ emissions have become increasingly active, with a steadily growing level of academic attention. 2) China, the United States, and Germany occupy dominant positions in this field, among which the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences rank highest in the number of published papers, forming a high-yield research cluster centered in China.3) Scholars such as Luo Yiqi, Josep Peñuelas, Zhu Biao and Yang Yusheng have made outstanding contributions and established several close linked internationalacademic cooperation networks.4) Research topics primarily focus on greenhouse gas emissions, temperature sensitivity, soil respiration, and carbon cycle, exhibiting a clear trend toward multi-scale, multi-gas, and multi-regional coordinated development. In the future, research should further deepen the exploration of underlying mechanisms, strengthen comparative studies across different climatic zones and ecosystem types, and elucidate the spatial heterogeneity and ecological feedback mechanisms of carbon flux changes driven by warming. At the same time, collaborative observations of multiple greenhouse gases and in-depth analysis of carbon-nitrogen coupling processes should be further promoted.

LiDAR scanning technology has emerged as a significant novel tool for forest parameter inventory. Unmanned aerial vehicle-based laser scanning(ULS) and handheld mobile laser scanning(HMLS) acquire forest structural information from complementary aerial and ground perspectives, offering distinct advantages in measuring key parameters like tree height(TH) and diameter at breast height(DBH). However, each platform has inherent limitations: ULS often exhibits larger errors in DBH estimation, while HMLS provides insufficient accuracy in TH retrieval due to restricted viewing geometry. Therefore, integrating multi-source LiDAR data to improve the accuracy of key stand parameter extraction and enhance the reliability of aboveground biomass(AGB) estimation has become a research priority. This study focused on Chinese fir plantations, utilizing ULS, HMLS, and their fused data(ULS+HMLS) for individual tree structural parameter extraction and AGB estimation, systematically evaluating the performance of different data sources at both individual tree and plot scales. The results indicate that, 1) ULS achieved the best performance in TH estimation(R²=0.98, RMSE=0.25 m), while HMLS provided the highest accuracy for DBH retrieval(R²=0.98, RMSE=1.20 cm). The fused data maintained high accuracy for both parameters. 2) Individual tree AGB estimation accuracy was dominated by DBH precision, with HMLS and the fused data performing better(both R²=0.98). 3) At the plot scale, the fused data yielded the highest AGB estimation accuracy(R²=0.92, RMSE=11.07 t·hm^-2). ULS showed relatively lower accuracy due to error accumulation stemming from incomplete individual tree segmentation. This study indicates that fusing multi-source LiDAR data effectively combines the observational strengths of different platforms can provide a robust technical approach for improving the accuracy and reliability of biomass estimation in plantations.

Fire disturbance has spillover effects on forest ecosystems, and the response mechanism of vegetation on the edge of burned areas is the key to assessing the resilience of ecosystems. Combining multi-source satellite remote sensing data to screen typical forest fire events in South China from 2000 to 2021, a double-layer buffer three-circle model was constructed to eliminate the impact of climate change on vegetation and quantify the spillover effect of fire interference on the forest vegetation index in South China. The results show that, the spillover effect of fire disturbance has significant spatial heterogeneity, with hotspot areas having lower elevation and sparser vegetation. The spillover effect of small-scale fires has negative effects and large-scale fires mainly contribute to vegetation recovery to a certain extent. Short-term burning can easily lead to the degradation of surrounding vegetation, while long-term burning has a positive spillover effect. Slope aspect has a more significant impact on the spillover effect of fire disturbance, but slope has an insignificant effect. This provides a theoretical reference for the study of forest vegetation restoration in South China under external disturbance, and is of great significance for the assessment of forest ecosystem resilience after fire and the optimization of restoration strategies.

Absortive root traits are critical indicators of root ecological functions and plant resource trade-off strategies, and their dynamics directly regulate soil nutrient cycling.In this study, seven broadleaved tree species in a subtropical common garden were examined to assess variations in absorptive root traits and nutrient acquisition strategies between the growing and non-growing seasons.The results demonstrated that, 1) with the exception of root diameter(RD) and root carbon concentration(RCC),traits including specific root length(SRL),specific root area(SRA),root tissue density(RTD),root exudation rate(RER),and root nitrogen concentration(RNC) were all significantly affected by season.Notably, RER and SRL exhibited the strongest seasonal sensitivity: the max: min ratio of RER was about 5.6 times higher in the non-growing season than in the growing season, while the interspecific coefficient of variation of SRL was 2.23 times higher. In contrast, the max: min ratio of RCC and the interspecific coefficient of variation of RNC were relatively low and showed little seasonal change, indicating that these traits are more conserved across species and seasons. 2) Principal component analysis showed that root nutrient economic strategies during the growing season conformed to the classical root economics spectrum, spanning a gradient from the “fast-strategy” pole(represented by SRL,RCC,and RNC) to the “slow-strategy” pole(represented by RTD). In the non-growing season, trait relationships were significantly reconfigured. Specifically, RTD shifted from non-significant to a significant positive correlation with SRL and a significant negative correlation with RER,reflecting coordinated root adaptation under stressful conditions. By examining trait plasticity and the root economics spectrum, this study clarifies how fine-root traits in subtropical trees are regulated by phenology, thereby providing a theoretical basis for understanding root dynamics and predicting their role in ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling.

Stomata act as the gateways for carbon and water exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere. Stomatal conductance reflects the physiological balance between water flux protection and carbon flux capture in plants. Therefore, accurately simulating stomatal conductance is crucial for the simulation of ecosystem gross primary productivity(GPP) and evapotranspiration(ET). In this study, three stomatal conductance models, Ball-Woodrow-Berry(BWB), Ball-Berry-Leuning(BBL), and Unified Stomatal Optimization(USO), were applied to the BEPS(Boreal Ecosystem Produtivity Simulator) land surface ecological process model for simulation analysis. The differences among the models and their applicability to evergreen needleleaf forests(ENF) and deciduous broadleaf forests(DBF) were explored. The results showed that, 1) the overall accuracy of GPP and ET simulations based on the three stomatal conductance models was relatively high, with BEPS-USO performing the best. 2) The GPP simulation accuracy at ENF sites was similar, whereas substantial differences were observed at DBF sites, with an overall performance ranking of BEPS-USO > BEPS-BBL > BEPS-BWB. For ET simulation, BEPS-USO performed best at ENF sites, while BEPS-BBL slightly outperformed BEPS-USO at DBF sites, followed by BEPS-BWB. 3) The seasonal variations in simulated stomatal conductance(g_s) values by different models at ENF sites were more significant than those at DBF sites. The g_s simulated by the three models at the four flux sites all showed seasonal variations consistent with GPP, and the coupling between g_s and GPP was weaker than that between g_s and ET. This study achieved the embedding of three stomatal conductance models in the BEPS model and their simulation application at flux sites, compared and analyzed the differences and applicability of the three stomatal conductance models in different vegetation types. The findings provide practical guidance for selecting appropriate stomatal conductance models in the simulation of carbon and water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems.

To elucidate the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biochar on soil particulate organic carbon(POC) and its influencing factors in Jasminum sambac gardens, a field experiment was conducted in Fuzhou.Four treatments were established: conventional fertilization, biochar application, chemical fertilizer reduction, and a combination of chemical fertilizer reduction and biochar application.Soil POC, plant characteristics, and fungal communities were analyzed.The results showed that, 1) chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biochar significantly increased soil POC content to 11.60 g·kg^-1, which was significantly higher than biochar alone(6.68 g·kg^-1), fertilizer reduction(5.66 g·kg^-1), and the control(4.16 g·kg^-1).The contribution of POC to total carbon reached 51.04%.Furthermore, the characteristic peaks of polysaccharide carbon functional groups in POC were significantly enhanced.2) Under this combined treatment, the carbon and nitrogen contents of plant roots increased significantly, and principal component analysis indicated that the chemical structure of POC was most similar to that of the roots.3) The fungal community structure was similar across treatments, but the relative abundance of Fusarium significantly decreased under the combined treatment(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis indicated that POC was significantly positively correlated with Aspergillus and Rhodotorula(P<0.05), but negatively correlated with Acidomyces and facultative saprotrophs(P<0.05).In conclusion, chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biochar enhances soil carbon sequestration and improves the microbial environment, making it a suitable management mode for sustainable jasmine cultivation.

大城市近郊区乡村聚落生存面临城市化的剧烈冲击，其空间格局演变往往是一个地区乡村聚落快速演变的缩影。研究以福州市近郊区的城门镇为例，基于1990、2000、2010和2020年4期遥感影像数据，运用GIS空间分析、景观格局分析等方法分析了1990—2020年间城门镇乡村聚落空间演变特征，并探讨其影响因素。结果表明：1)30 a间城门镇乡村聚落规模演变呈现先增后减的趋势。其中，研究前期文化特色型和混合发展型村落规模扩张较快，而后期文化特色型和传统农耕型村落规模减少较多。2)在研究前、中期，乡村聚落空间格局由条带状分布转向多核心状分布，集聚规模增加；但研究后期乡村聚落密度明显降低，核心数量减少，集聚规模下降。3)乡村聚落形态特征演变表现为斑块形状由复杂化向规则化转变，以及斑块连通性的先降后增；在聚落空间演变过程中，产业发展和交通趋向造成混合发展型和传统农耕型村落的蔓延度指数差异不断增加，而文化特色型村落变化相对较小。4)政策因素、经济因素和交通因素是城门镇乡村聚落空间格局演变的主要影响因素，其中不同时期的城市发展政策是主因；特别在研究后期，福州实施城市“东扩”发展战略直接导致了城门镇乡村聚落空间的快速萎缩。

Fractional Vegetation Cover(FVC) is an important indicator reflecting the status of an ecosystem. To clarify current research progress and hot topics in FVC studies, we conducted bibliometric and visualization analysis on relevant studies. Results indicate that the number of academic works has grown significantly in recent years both in China and abroad. China has produced the highest volume of research, while studies from the United States and other western countries demonstrate greater academic influence. Key research areas include vegetation modeling, utilization of diverse remote sensing data sources, FVC status in diverse ecosystems, vegetation responses to climate change, and indicators for FVC estimation. Thematic evolution reveals that early studies primarily focused on fundamental research in ecology and meteorology, as well as mechanisms of climate-vegetation interactions. In recent years, research hotspots have shifted toward FVC model coupling and validation, climate change and ecological restoration, and improvements to FVC algorithms. Comparing themes in Chinese and foreign-language journal publications reveals that foreign journals predominantly focus on global-scale remote sensing monitoring and optimization of FVC remote sensing inversion methods. Chinese language academic works majorly emphasize temporal and spatial patterns of FVC within China and their underlying response mechanisms, frequently incorporating meteorological indicators, topographic types, and land-use changes into analyses. This study analyzes the development of FVC research, summarizes the limitations of existing research, and looks forward to future research directions, aiming to provide a reference for future ecological environment restoration, climate change response, urban planning, and sustainable development.

With the deepening implementation of the Global Stocktake mechanism under the Paris Agreement, independent verification and high-efficiency quantification of greenhouse gas emission inventories have emerged as critical scientific and operational requirements in international climate governance. Although the first-generation shortwave infrared hyperspectral carbon monitoring satellites represented by the GOSAT series, OCO series, and TanSat have validated the technical feasibility of high-precision space-based detection of XCO₂ and XCH₄, they are constrained by observation regimes relying on discrete point sampling or narrow-swath push-broom modes. Consequently, these missions exhibit significant limitations in spatiotemporal coverage efficiency, point source identification capabilities, and the separation of anthropogenic sources under complex background conditions. To address these bottlenecks, next-generation carbon monitoring missions exemplified by GOSAT-GW from Japan, CO2M from Europe, GeoCarb from the US, and TanSat-2 from China have comprehensively transitioned their payload architectures to wide-swath grating imaging modes. Furthermore, these missions have transcended the limitations of single polar orbits by adopting diversified orbital configurations, including Low Earth Orbit constellations, Medium Earth Orbit elliptical frozen orbits, and Geostationary Earth Orbit. By establishing systematic observation schemes integrating ultra-wide swath coverage, high-frequency revisit rates, and multi-species synergistic detection, these missions utilize aerosol synergy to enhance greenhouse gas retrieval accuracy. Additionally, they employ nitrogen dioxide as a tracer for anthropogenic emissions and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence to constrain natural carbon sinks, thereby effectively achieving precise separation of anthropogenic signals and detailed characterization of emission plumes. This technological leap will comprehensively enhance satellite-based capabilities for verifying anthropogenic emission inventories, providing consistent and traceable space-based observational support for the global verification of emission inventories.

Farmland ecosystem is an important ecological resource of national park. Through the monitoring of farmland nutrient background and comprehensive evaluation of fertility in Qianjiangyuan National Park, background data were accumulated for the subsequent evaluation of the impact of easement reform in Qianjiangyuan National Park. Soil bulk density, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrochloric nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were measured in four areas of Qianjiangyuan National Park, including Suzhuang, Hetian, Changhong and Qixi. The modified Nemero comprehensive fertility evaluation index, comprehensive soil fertility index based on principal component analysis and soil fertility health index were used to evaluate the current situation of farmland soil fertility. The results show that the soil in Qianjiangyuan National Park is generally acidic with pH value of 5.35. The soil is rich in organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen, and available phosphorus, with contents of 36.37 g·kg^-1, 1.98 g·kg^-1, 187.94 mg·kg^-1, and 74.76 mg·kg^-1, respectively. However, available potassium is relatively deficient, with a content of 64.27 mg·kg^-1. It is the main limiting factor of soil fertility. Correlation analysis shows that soil pH is significantly negatively correlated with available potassium, bulk density is significantly negatively correlated with available nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic matter. There is a highly significant positive correlation between organic matter and total nitrogen as well as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, but organic matter isn't significantly correlated with total phosphorus and available phosphorus. In the comparison of different research methods, the comprehensive soil fertility index based on principal component analysis is more applicable, the comprehensive soil fertility level in the study area is good, and the spatial heterogeneity is obvious. The fertility grades of each area are Hetian>Qixi>Changhong>Suzhuang in sequence.The comprehensive fertility level of Hetian area is one level higher than that of the other three areas. This study can provide reference for the construction of soil quality evaluation model and soil management according to local conditions in Qianjiangyuan National Park in the future, and provide scientific decision-making basis for the protection, development and utilization of soil resources in national parks.

To enhance the efficiency of soil and water conservation carbon sink project development, reduce development costs, and improve carbon sink measurement accuracy, remote sensing technology has become a crucial technical tool supporting carbon sink project development. Taking the Xiaonan Mountain watershed in Youyu County, Shanxi Province as a case study, this research systematically explores the application of remote sensing technology in carbon pool monitoring. Land cover classification and carbon layer delineation were conducted based on forest compartment attributes. Vegetation carbon density was calculated through systematic sampling combined with field surveys and allometric growth equations. Subsequently, a regional carbon density estimation model integrating spectral factors, vegetation indices, and carbon layer dummy variables was established(R²=0.806, MAE=9.202 t·hm^-2). This model estimated vegetation carbon density and net carbon sink capacity in the watershed from 2002 to 2024, while Kriging interpolation assessed the spatial distribution of soil carbon density. Results indicate that over 22 years, vegetation carbon density in the Xiaonan Mountain watershed increased from 14.66 t·hm^-2 to 27.02 t·hm^-2, with a net increase of 16 326.77 t in vegetation carbon stocks. High-density areas significantly expanded northward and southwestward. Soil carbon density exhibited a northeast-high, southwest-low pattern, primarily driven by carbon sequestration effects from afforestation(conversion to shrubland) in the northeast region. The study further indicates that the slight decline in carbon density observed in mixed poplar-pine forests can be mitigated through measures such as fertilization and management to mitigate tree species degradation, thereby sustaining the increase in regional net carbon sink capacity.

亚热带森林土壤是重要的大气甲烷(CH_4)汇。本研究以中亚热带人工幼林为研究对象，采用静态箱-气相色谱法对土壤CH_4通量进行为期1年的野外原位观测，并探究其与环境因子、土壤理化性质及土壤微生物的关系。结果表明：研究区内人工幼林土壤为甲烷汇，土壤CH_4月均吸收通量变化范围为10～75.6μg·m~(-2)·h~(-1)。土壤CH_4吸收通量呈显著的月动态，最高值出现在3月，最低值是5月。土壤含水率、林内气温和空气湿度是控制甲烷吸收的重要环境因子，能解释土壤CH_4月吸收通量变化的36.4%,土壤CH_4月吸收通量与土壤含水率呈负相关关系，与林内气温和空气湿度呈正相关关系。土壤pH值、土壤可溶性有机氮、铵态氮与土壤CH_4吸收通量为显著的正相关，能解释其变异的23%;土壤CH_4吸收通量与甲烷氧化菌(18∶1ω7c)浓度无显著的相关性。此外，土壤微生物生物量氮是影响甲烷氧化菌(18∶1ω7c)的主要因子。研究结果证实了亚热带人工幼林具有重要的土壤甲烷吸收作用，土壤CH_4吸收通量主要受环境因子和土壤理化的影响(约占60%)。本研究对中亚热带森林土壤甲烷汇的估算具有重要意义，也为森林碳循环和固碳潜力的发展提供理论支持。

以青海省551个文物保护单位为研究对象，借助ArcGIS分析工具研究青海省文物保护单位的时空分布特征及影响机制，结果表明：1)青海省文物保护单位整体分布类型为聚集型，自史前至近代各时期分布类型由聚集到分散，再趋向于聚集型。2)文物保护单位的高密度区集中分布于青海省东部的河湟谷地，不同时期高密度核心区的数量与位置呈波动变化的特征。3)文物保护单位整体空间重心位于海南州，自史前至近代以来空间重心呈现自东北—西南的移动轨迹，空间方向由东西向至南北向逐渐偏转趋势增强，空间分布范围不断扩大。4)受地形地貌、河流水系、气候变化及政治文化等因素的共同影响，青海省文物保护单位的分布集中在地势平缓的川水地带、靠近河流且政治环境较为稳定的地区。

探索热带岛屿生态系统服务价值演变规律及其对土地利用变化的响应，对区域可持续发展及生态建设有重要意义。本研究以海南岛为研究区，基于海南岛2005、2010和2015年土地利用数据，通过价值当量因子法，构建六边形格网估算海南岛生态系统服务价值(Ecosystem Service Value, ESV),随后设置不同情景模拟其对未来土地利用变化响应。结果表明：1)2005—2015年海南岛城镇化快速发展；整体生态系统服务功能变差，全岛ESV减少6.64亿元。2)林地提供了海南岛超过70%的生态系统服务价值，海南岛生态系统服务功能以调节服务为主，其中水文调节服务占比最高，体现出林地和水域在海南岛亟需保护和提升。3)生态优先情景模拟的2025年ESV总量上优于经济优先发展情景，该情景下全岛建设用地的迅猛扩张趋势得到遏制，同时保护了林地及水域等生态用地，有利于海南岛生态和经济的可持续发展。

海滨浴场在提升公众亲海体验、满足公众对美好海洋生态的需求等方面，发挥着不可替代的作用。在分析厦门海滨浴场资源条件及发展现状的基础上，运用层次分析法综合评价厦门海滨浴场建设的适宜性，提出厦门海滨浴场的布局规划策略，即：标准先行，构建厦门海滨浴场建设标准体系；优化布局，因地制宜布局海滨浴场；突出特色，引导文旅深度融合发展；确保安全，科学划定海域范围，同时以厦门环东海滨浴场为例，精细规划，提出海滨浴场详细设计方案，为厦门海滨浴场建设提供参考和指引。

近年来闽江水口水库库区的“低溶氧”事件出现的时间提早、影响范围增加，严重威胁到流域水生态环境健康。研究以闽江水口水库为研究区域，关注闽清雄江和湾口这2个断面的溶解氧(DO)的年内变化情况，利用构建水口水库库区的水环境数学模型，模拟2021年库区溶氧的每日变化，分析水口水库库区溶解氧的时空变化规律。结果表明：MIKE模型能够较好地模拟水口水库库区溶氧在时间、空间上的变化格局。水口水库库区不同区域“低溶氧”事件的发生时间接近，但持续时间和“低溶氧”强度从下游向上游减少。这表明库区水位越深的区域，其“低溶氧”事件的强度也更高。研究成果对于理解福建省其他水库的“低溶氧”事件具有一定借鉴意义。

生态过程模型已经被广泛用于模拟总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity, GPP)和蒸散发(Evapotranspiration, ET)。本研究使用BEPS(Biosphere-atmosphere Exchange Process Simulator)模型两个不同时间尺度的版本，即日步长(BEPS-Daily)和小时步长(BEPS-Hourly),比较两种模型模拟结果的差异，并分析误差来源。结果表明：1)叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index, LAI)是驱动陆地生态系统模型的重要植被结构参数。BEPS-Daily模拟的阳叶LAI会大于BEPS-Hourly,而模拟的阴叶LAI会更小；2)植被的气孔控制着CO_2和水汽的交换，气孔导度表征气孔对环境因子的响应程度。BEPS-Daily计算的气孔导度对环境因子的敏感度高于BEPS-Hourly。因此，当受到辐射、气温以及土壤水分等环境因子的限制时，BEPS-Daily模型计算得到的气孔导度会出现低估的情况，这会导致BEPS-Daily模拟的GPP和蒸腾也出现了低估的模拟值；3)总体来说，两模型的模拟精度差别不大，BEPS-Hourly的模拟精度略高，而BEPS-Daily则具备更高的运算效率，因此，在应用中可根据实际需求选择模型。

森林作为CO_2、CH_4、N_2O的重要源或汇，其经营管理方式直接或间接地影响土壤温室气体通量，以往研究主要集中在火烧管理对森林土壤CO_2排放的影响，且少有研究评估不同营林措施对3种温室气体的增温潜势的影响。为研究采伐剩余物不同处理方式对杉木幼林土壤温室气体通量的影响，本研究以福建三明格氏栲自然保护区内的杉木人工林为研究对象，在2018年7月—2019年7月采用静态箱-气相色谱法对保留(CT)、火烧(RB)、清除(R)3种采伐剩余物处理方式下土壤温室气体通量进行为期1年的监测。结果显示：1)CT处理下土壤CO_2、N_2O累积排放通量显著高于R、RB处理，而土壤CH_4累积吸收通量CT处理显著低于R、RB处理，3种温室气体在R、RB处理间通量差异不显著；2)土壤温度和体积含水量在不同处理间并不存在显著差异，然而，采用不同采伐剩余物处理方式会改变土壤温室气体与土壤温度、土壤体积含水量的相关关系；3)冗余分析结果显示土壤生物化学性质中对土壤温室气体解释度最高的指标为土壤微生物生物量碳，其与土壤CO_2、N_2O是正相关关系，与土壤CH_4是负相关关系。结果表明，清除与火烧采伐剩余物通过降低土壤微生物生物量含量进而减少土壤温室气体通量。

旅游业对政治、经济、社会、文化以及国际关系都会产生一定的影响。随着跨地域流动渐趋频繁，旅游业成为了地方化与全球化连结的重要指标。2020年伊始，新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情全球肆虐，台湾的旅游业也饱受考验。疫情影响下旅游产业发生巨变，旅游业复苏需更具弹性、重视可持续性性及包容性。在全球追求可持续性风潮、倡议气候变迁治理政策与COVID-19疫情影响之下，台湾旅游产业的发展可实施以下策略：1)创新旅游产业，升级核心业务：因疫情不确定性，调整并升级服务或产品；2)加速科技应用与导入：应用多元科技，解决无法面对面服务的痛点；3)转型旅游产业，吸引国际及在地游客：重新定位品牌在地化，调整商品销售与营销模式；4)转变个人化旅客消费模式，带动旅宿产业转型：数字游民(Digital Nomad)带动居家度假Staycation(stay+vacation)与工作度假Workation(work+vacation),实行生活、工作、旅游界线模糊模式，结合深度文化或自然体验；5)由环境可持续性转变为可持续旅游模式：可持续性的理念是实施环境可持续性的基石，在疫情影响下，将旅游景点与生态休养生息相结合，为动植物与环境增加新生机，提供旅客深度旅游体验规划。

探究传统村落的空间可达性与分布特征，对科学保护传统村落和促进乡村振兴具有重要的理论与现实意义。运用数理统计分析和空间分析方法，对甘肃省传统村落的空间可达性、分布特征及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明：1)传统村落的空间可达性总体不佳，全局可达性高的村落在天水、兰州形成了高密集区和次高密集区，局部可达性高的村落主要分布在天水、兰州、酒泉和陇南等市。2)国家级、省级及所有传统村落均呈凝聚型分布，县级尺度上的分形特征较明显，并呈现出沿某一地理线集中分布的态势。3)传统村落整体表现出“东南密、西北疏，强集中、大分散”的空间格局，高密度区位于天水—陇南地区。4)传统村落的空间分布受到自然地理条件和人文社会因素的共同约束。年均降水量、人均GDP、人口密度和路网可达性4个因子的影响力较强，但任意两个因子的交互影响均大于单个因子，尤其是年均降水量与人均GDP、人口密度与非物质文化遗产数量。

过氧化氢酶在植物生理生化过程中具有重要的作用，为了简便、快速、准确地测定植物过氧化氢酶活性，进行了紫外分光光度法测定烟苗叶片过氧化氢酶活性的研究。结果表明，利用紫外分光光度法测定植物过氧化氢酶活性所需试剂种类少、操作简单、测定快速。标准曲线相关性好，样品测定重现性好，加标回收率高，测定结果与高锰酸钾滴定法呈极显著相关，说明方法准确可靠。本方法稳定时间至少在5 h以上，稳定时间长有利于大批量的样品分析测定。利用紫外分光光度法标定过氧化氢浓度与高锰酸钾滴定法无显著差异，说明用紫外分光光度法直接标定过氧化氢浓度可行，既可简化操作和节省时间，又能降低分析测试成本。因此本研究为植物过氧化氢酶的研究提供了一种简便快速、稳定可靠、成本低廉的分析测定方法。对两种烟苗叶片的测定表明，楚雪26烟苗叶片的过氧化氢酶活性高于楚雪14,烟苗叶片过氧化氢酶活性呈上半叶>全叶>下半叶，说明烟苗叶片过氧化氢酶活性受不同烟苗品种影响，且过氧化氢酶在烟苗叶片分布并不均匀。

The invasive species Spartina alterniflora is widely distributed in China's coastal wetlands. In recent years, large-scale control efforts have significantly influenced carbon cycling processes in these ecosystems. To investigate the effects of S. alterniflora management and post-control regrowth on the soil organic carbon(SOC) pool, this study compared two management approaches-deep tilling and rotary tilling-and evaluated their effects on soil labile organic carbon(LOC) fractions and extracellular enzyme activities. Under deep tilling, DOC and MBC contents as well as BG, CBH, and PEO activities in non-regrown bare flats significantly decreased, whereas regrown S. alterniflora significantly increased DOC and MBC contents and CBH and PEO activities. Under rotary tilling, DOC, MBC, and LOC contents and the activities of BG, CBH, PHO, and PEO in non-regrown bare flats significantly decreased, while regrowth significantly increased DOC, MBC, and LOC contents and PEO activity. Correlation analysis indicated that under deep tilling, LOC fractions and enzyme activities were mainly influenced by the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) ratio, with SOC, DOC,and MBC jointly regulating enzyme activity. Under rotary tilling, LOC fractions and enzyme activities were influenced by both the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) ratio and soil moisture, with enzyme activity primarily regulated by MBC. Overall, in both treatments, differences in root oxygen release and organic matter input between non-regrown bare flats and regrown stands of S. alterniflora altered LOC fractions and enzyme activities. However, differences in soil disturbance intensity between deep tilling and rotary tilling led to distinct responses in LOC fractions and enzyme activities. These findings suggest that non-regrown bare flats after control face a risk of weakened soil carbon pool function. Although post-control regrowth of S. alterniflora promotes LOC accumulation, the marked increase in extracellular enzyme activity may accelerate organic carbon mineralization, potentially reducing the long-term stability and accumulation of the soil carbon pool.

土壤有机质(SOM)是影响多环芳烃(PAHs)土壤环境行为的重要因素，不同SOM组分的含量和结构不同，对PAHs的富集能力和环境风险的影响也应有所不同。结合比重和粒径分组方法，将4种长期污染土壤的SOM分成轻组有机质(LF)、粗矿物结合态有机质(CMAOM)(> 53μm)和细矿物结合态有机质(FMAOM)(<53μm)3个组分，研究了15种PAHs在不同组分中的分配特征，并采用苯并[a]芘(BaP)毒性当量浓度(TEQ_(BaP))评估了LF、CMAOM和FMAOM中PAHs的环境风险。结果表明，4种土壤中15种PAHs总量的范围为3.78～16.96 mg·kg~(-1)。LF中PAHs总量的范围为128.23～355.78 mg·kg~(-1),分别为CMAOM(3.55～19.28 mg·kg~(-1))和FMAOM(1.80～13.83 mg·kg~(-1))的9.5～36.2倍和14.2～71.3倍。LF只占土壤质量的0.5%～3.5%,但其富集的PAHs却占原土PAHs总量的12.3%～61.8%。不同SOM组分对PAHs的富集能力存在差异，但富集的PAHs组成相似。在各SOM组分中，LF中PAHs的TEQ_(BaP)最高，分别是CMAOM和FMAOM的9.7～35.3倍和14.7～79.7倍。土壤中LF有机质的周转速率较快，其结合的PAHs环境风险也会相对较高，在PAHs污染土壤的环境风险评估和修复研究中应予以重视。

The selection of suitable intercropping patterns of Cunninghamia lanceolata is crucial to improving soil degradation triggered by long-term monoculture of C. lanceolata.This study focused on three different intercropping patterns, namely C. lanceolata intercropped with Phoebe bournei,with Taxus wallichiana,and simultaneously intercropped with Phoebe bournei,and Taxus wallichiana.Meanwhile, the monoculture of C. lanceolata was used as the control to investigate the effects of different intercropping patterns on soil physicochemical properties and net nitrogen mineralization rates.The results showed that compared with the monoculture of C. lanceolata,C. lanceolata intercropped with P. bournei significantly decreased soil pH,while significantly increased soil total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content.After intercropping with T. wallichiana,soil total carbon, total nitrogen, carbon to nitrogen ratios, ammonium nitrogen, dissolved organic nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen decreased significantly, while soil nitrate nitrogen content increased significantly.After intercropping with P. bournei and T. wallichiana,soil pH and carbon to nitrogen ratios decreased significantly, and soil total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and dissolved organic nitrogen increased significantly.Soil net nitrogen mineralization rates varied from 0.301 to 0.581 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 under different intercropping patterns.The soil net nitrogen mineralization rate was significantly decreased by 47% in the intercropping pattern of C. lanceolata and T. wallichiana,and there was no significant difference in other intercropping patterns.Random forest analysis showed that soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and total carbon were significant predictors of net nitrogen mineralization rates.Correlation analysis showed that soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total carbon, total nitrogen and carbon to nitrogen ratios significantly and positively affect the soil net nitrogen mineralization rate.The results showed that intercropping different tree species under C. lanceolata can affect the net nitrogen mineralization rate by altering soil properties.

基于细菌溶藻和黏土吸附的特性，探索了溶藻菌Ba3与黏土组合控藻技术。正交实验确定了投加量为1.0%Ba3无菌滤液和100 mg·L~(-1)黏土为最佳组合，该组合技术在24 h内对米氏凯伦藻的溶藻率达到94.0%。分别对比了单独投加无菌滤液、黏土、黏土+Ba3无菌滤液、黏土+PAC、黏土+H_2O_2的控藻效果。结果显示，黏土+PAC、黏土+H_2O_2组合在12 h后出现了藻密度“回弹”现象，黏土+Ba3无菌滤液在48 h后的溶藻效果达到95%以上显著高于其他组合，检测试验前后叶绿素a浓度的变化，进一步验证了Ba3无菌滤液组合黏土的高效控藻效果，有望在赤潮甲藻控制中应用推广。

每年5月中旬左右，南海夏季风爆发后“龙舟水”给福建地区带来大量的降雨，短时强降雨易引起积涝的风险，对人民生产生活造成巨大的影响，但其背后的影响机制仍不清楚。本研究基于福建省60个气象站1962—2021年降水监测资料，采用主成分分析、合成分析、小波分析等方法重建了近60年来福建“龙舟水”期间降水的时空变化特征。结果显示，在年际尺度上福建“龙舟水”整体呈现出先下降后增加的趋势，其中在1981—1995年明显趋于偏少，而空间上自东南向西北呈增加趋势。“龙舟水”的长期趋势与副热带高压活动(以下简称副高)存在着反相关关系，即副高弱时其位置偏东，“龙舟水”偏多；而副高强时，位置偏西，“龙舟水”则偏少。此外，在El Ni1o年时，季风爆发相对较晚，“龙舟水”偏少；而在La Ni1a年，夏季风爆发相对较早，“龙舟水”较多。“龙舟水”从20世纪70年代中后期开始到21世纪初期与ENSO存在5～7 a的共同周期，进一步说明在年代际尺度上ENSO对龙舟水起着重要的调控作用。

As a key component of the detritus food chain, soil fauna can not only directly feed on and utilize nutrient elements such as nitrogen(N) in litter, but also effect N release during litter decomposition such as fragmentation or migration. However, the relevant understanding remains unclear. Therefore, we took subtropical Castanopsis carlesii plantations as the research object, used litterbags with different mesh sizes to control soil fauna access, and conducted a near-full-process in situ litter decomposition experiment to study the dynamic effects of soil fauna on N release during litter decomposition. The results showed that the mass residual rates of litters in mesh bags with 3 mm, 2 mm, and 0.025 mm pore sizes after 192 days of litter decomposition were 7.03%, 6.99%, and 42.16%. Soil fauna changed the overall upward trend of N concentration in litter, especially significantly causing a decrease in N concentration during the late decomposition stage(160~192 days). After 192 days of litter decomposition, the contribution rate of soil fauna to N release from C. carlesii litter was 64.09%. Except for the period of 80~93 days of decomposition, soil fauna significantly promoted N release from litter at other decomposition stages. Among them, macrofauna were dominant in the early(0~80 days) and late(160~192 days) decomposition stages, and promoted N release by 4.8 times and 5.6 times respectively. In the middle stage(80~160 days), the N release from litter was more dependent on the contribution of meso-microfauna, with a relative contribution rate of 238.48%. Redundancy analysis showed that the number of soil fauna groups, air temperature, and precipitation were the main factors affecting the contribution of soil fauna to N release from litter, and had a more obvious effect on the contribution of meso-microfauna. These results help to deeply understand the relationship between soil fauna and N release during the decomposition of litter in subtropical plantations, and have certain scientific value for comprehensively understanding N cycling and the functions of soil fauna.

Biochar exhibits significant potential for adsorbing and immobilizing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in contaminated soils due to its well-developed pore structure and abundant functional groups.However, dynamic effects of biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures on PAHs aging behavior in soils remain poorly understood.This study employed rice husk biochars produced at 300, 500, and 700 ℃(denoted as BC300, BC500, and BC700, respectively) to investigate their impacts on PAHs adsorption and aging in soil.Results indicated that biochar's specific surface area increased with pyrolysis temperature.The phenanthrene adsorption capacity(K_f) of biochar-amended soils followed: SBC700(51.56)>SBC500(41.39)>SBC300(24.31)>control(5.55).During the 90-day aging process, the contents of extractable PAHs(acenaphthene, fluorene, fluoranthene, pyrene) decreased across all treatments, and the extent of reduction followed the order: control>SBC300>SBC700≈SBC500, indicating biochar significantly delayed PAH aging.During the initial aging stage(7 days), biochar amendments substantially reduced the contents of bioavailable PAHs, with the reduction order being SBC300>SBC700≈SBC500>control.However, in the later aging stages(15~90 days), no significant differences were observed among treatments, revealing that biochar only temporarily regulates the bioavailability of PAHs in soil.These findings elucidate the mechanism by which pyrolysis temperature modulates PAH aging dynamics in soil through altering biochar's physico-chemical properties, providing theoretical support for the precise selection of biochar in the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils.

针对现有暴雨山洪灾害评估方法时效性不足，承灾体精细化程度较低以及山区通常缺乏水文资料等问题，以福建省宁德市下党村为例，集成元胞自动机模型和分布式水文模型开发了暴雨山洪过程模拟软件。在该软件中输入降雨、数字高程模型等易获取的数据，即可计算得到具有一定精度的淹没水深、淹没流速等动态数据。在此基础上，从暴雨山洪灾害危险性和承灾体易损性两个方面构建了下党村暴雨山洪灾害临灾风险评估指标体系，基于高分辨率遥感影像和实地调研建立精细化承灾体数据库，评估得到了高精度的下党村暴雨山洪灾害危险性、易损性和临灾风险预评估系列图。研究结果表明，在给定的该区200年一遇暴雨情景下，下党村9.85%的区域为高风险区，其中包括房屋20栋，路段26处，这些都是旅游与居住人口集中的沿河地段。本方法可为山区村落的暴雨山洪灾害临灾风险快速评估与进一步面向承灾体对象的精细化预警提供科学依据和技术参考。

在全球气候变化的背景下，中国森林火灾的风险显著增加，对国家生态安全和社会经济发展构成了严峻挑战。本研究通过对中国不同省份的气象因子与森林火灾之间的相关性进行细致分析，旨在揭示这些变量在空间分布上的差异性及其对火灾风险的潜在影响。研究结果显示，风速、最高温度、降水量、相对湿度以及平均温度等因子在各省的相关性系数分布表现出显著的区域特征，这些特征反映了各地区森林火灾发生与气候条件存在密切关联，可为制定针对性的防控措施提供重要依据。通过对这些气象因子相关性的深入分析，本研究进一步探讨了在中国不同地区实施有效的森林防火策略的可能性，以及如何在变化的气候条件下优化防灭火资源配置，增强森林火灾的应急响应能力。

乡村生产空间系统作为人地耦合系统的多种存在形式之一，具有脆弱性。脆弱性是研究系统可持续发展的重要工具。选择泉州市为研究对象，以2010—2020年为研究时段，采用VSD评估框架构建泉州市乡村生产空间系统脆弱性指标评价体系，分析其时空分异特征，对脆弱性类型进行划分，找出主要致脆因子，进而提出调控策略。结果表明：1)泉州市乡村生产空间系统的暴露度呈“东南和西部高，北部和中部低”的空间分布特征及波动上升趋势。敏感性呈“东南高，西北低”的空间分布特征及小幅上升趋势。适应能力呈“中部高，东西低”的空间分布特征及不断上升趋势。脆弱性呈“东南和西部高，北部和中部低”的空间分布特征及不断下降趋势。2)脆弱性类型可划分为适应性脆弱型、暴露-敏感脆弱型、暴露-适应脆弱型、强综合脆弱型和弱综合脆弱型，并针对不同类型脆弱区找出其主要致脆因子。3)按照“绿色发展-重点突出-分区调控”的原则，提出降脆策略，为实施乡村振兴战略提供新思路。

商业是城市经济发展的主要因素，因此商业网点的空间分布一直是学者们关注的热点。基于大数据视角，利用核密度估计、空间自相关和地理探测器等空间分析方法，以福清市商业网点为研究对象，对其空间分布特征及影响因素进行分析。研究发现：(1)福清市商业网点的空间分布主要沿龙江流向，呈“主城区大范围带状集聚，小范围组团发展”的空间格局，表现为中心—外围结构，其中各行业均呈现“东北—西南”走向分布态势；(2)不同行业的空间分布特征不同，零售业及商服业等与居民日常关联密切的行业更倾向于在城市中心分布，而批发业更倾向于向城市中心外围区扩散，如沿道路带状集聚，在租金较低且交通便捷的区域呈点状集聚特征，餐饮业则倾向于沿商业中心集聚，呈圈层扩散；(3)行业之间的集聚效应会对商业网点的空间分布产生正向影响。不同的影响因素对不同行业的空间分布具有差异性：在餐饮业和商服业，消费市场状况的影响力最大，土地价格的影响力次之，其中学校数量对餐饮业的影响最大，人口密度对商服业的影响力最大。在批发业，交通通达性的影响力最大，土地价格的影响力次之。在零售业，交通通达性的影响力最大，消费市场状况的影响力次之。最后，总结福清市商业网点的空间分布特征，提出福清市商业网点空间格局的优化策略。

针对城镇化导致水系及其水域空间被挤占、压缩甚至吞噬的现实问题，本研究采用1995、2005和2015年3期经Google Map校准后的水系与1995—2015年城镇建成区面积数据，运用空间计量模型和重心模型研究湘江流域1995—2015年水系演变与城镇化的时空特征，分析城镇建成区面积对水系变化的影响。研究结果得出：1)湘江流域水系总体呈衰减趋势，河流趋向主干化。各水系指标均产生空间集聚，与周围邻近地区存在相似性。但水系指标的空间集聚格局演变差异显著，河网密度(Dr)、河流弯曲度(Sr)、干流面积长度比(Rm)空间格局稳定，水面率(Wp)、河流发育系数(Kw)较不稳定。高值区集中在流域中下游，低值区则集中在株洲和永州。2)Dr、Kw、Sr、Wp与城镇化重心迁移方向相背离，Rm与城镇化重心迁移方向具有统一性，城镇化在水系演变过程中主要起负向影响。研究结果有助于为城市规划与水系保护提供参考。

满江红(Azolla pinnata subsp.Asiatica)是一种萍-藻共生的小型水生蕨类植物，具有固氮能力强、粗蛋白含量高和富钾的功能，农业应用价值较高，一直受到关注。红萍在农业生产应用上历史悠久，传统上红萍多用于绿肥利用、淡水鱼饲料，也有用于猪、鸡、鸭等饲料，降本节支的成效显著。近年来也逐步应用于污水治理，其具有去除富营养化水体中氮、磷的作用，显示出较好的水体环境治理效果。通过总结红萍育种、抗逆性、肥料化、饲料化、污水净化利用等方面的研究进展，分析了红萍综合利用中的优势及潜力，并提出红萍在农业产业化中的应用对策，以期为乡村资源高效利用与农业绿色发展提供参考及借鉴。

通过对广州市8个公园的访花蜂蝶和蜜源植物一年的追踪调查，分析了访花蜂蝶物种组成、丰富度和丰度的季节变化，并针对植物丰富度和温度变化对访花蜂蝶的影响进行了分析。结果表明：访花蜂类记录有3科14种，访问植物55科116属138种；蝶类6科54种，访问植物48科94属105种。不同季节访花调查中，蜂类和蝶类物种丰富度(Margalef指数)秋季最高，冬季最低；而丰度(访花频次)春季最高，夏季最低。访花蜂蝶的丰富度与蜜源植物丰富度和温度变化都显著相关，而丰度则只与蜜源植物丰富度显著相关。研究表明，广州城市公园能够维持长时间且较高水平的蜂蝶物种多样性和丰度缘于不同季节蜜源植物资源丰富，能吸引大量蜂蝶。未来在城市绿化工作中，应筛选出不同季节的优势蜜源植物，以构建蜂蝶友好型植物景观，提高城市生物多样性和生态功能。

森林转换是影响土壤结构稳定性的重要因素。运用干、湿筛两种方法比较研究亚热带天然林转换为人工林后土壤团聚体粒径分布以及团聚体稳定性各个指标MWD(平均重量直径)、GMD(几何平均直径)和PAD(团聚体破坏率)在不同林型间的差异。结果表明：(1)干筛处理下两个林分全土层团聚体以>2 mm粒径为主，湿筛处理下粒径以0.25～2 mm为主。干筛处理天然林0～10 cm土层处>2 mm团聚体约占60%,人工林约占55%;湿筛处理下天然林0～10 cm土层处>2 mm团聚体约占45%,人工林约占23%。转换为人工林后>2 mm团聚体在0～10 cm土层处占比显著降低(P<0.05),降幅达58.18%。(2)干筛处理下不同森林类型相同土层的MWD和GMD值均无显著的差异(P>0.05);湿筛处理下天然林MWD、GMD值在所有土层均高于人工林，且该土层MWD值和GMD值在森林转换后下降幅度最大，分别达到45%和50%。团聚体PAD值变化范围在天然林中为11.07%～30.68%;在人工林中为15.17%～33.46%,森林转换后PAD值在0～10 cm土层显著增加72.91%(P<0.05)。(3)从母岩角度整合相关的研究发现：森林转换后MWD值在沉积岩发育的土壤中下降幅度最大。研究发现：森林转换对团聚体在全土层的粒径分布和稳定性的影响在不同的筛分方法之间得到的结果并不一致，表现为在不同的筛分方法处理下不同森林类型的不同团聚体粒径在全土层中的占比以及NWD、GMD和PAD指标在土层中的变化趋势存在差异。此外，0～10 cm表土的结构稳定性与土壤抗侵蚀能力密切相关，除森林转换对表土团聚体稳定性产生影响外，不同的团聚体筛分方法和母岩性质的差异也会对森林转换后表土的稳定性研究结果产生影响。