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过刊目录

  • 2010年, 1卷, 第02期
    刊出日期：2024-06-19
      
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  • Study on Large-Scale Disaster Risk Assessment and Risk Transfer Models
    Peijun Shi, Jiabing Shuai, Wenfang Chen, Lili Lu
    2010, 1(02): 1-8.
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    This article analyzes the risk assessment and risk transfer models of large-scale disasters in line with the characteristics of such disasters. A large-scale disaster risk assessment model based on the Regional Disaster System concept is developed: large-scale disaster risk(RL) is a function of the disaster triggering hazard(H), the vulnerability of the concerned objects(V), and the stability of the contextual hazard-formative environment(E), or RL = f(H, V, E). Based on our discussions, we propose that large-scale disaster risk transfer in China should be supported by governments at all levels, operated by insurance companies, and the responsibilities should be shared by all stakeholders. At the global level, large-scale disaster risk transfer should employ a uniform definition and be characterized by government support, market operation, public participation, disaster mitigation, and risk sharing.
  • Applications of the Small Satellite Constellation for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting
    Weixing Zhang, Sanchao Liu
    2010, 1(02): 9-16.
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    Small Satellite Constellation for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Forecasting(SSCEDMF), loaded with the Charge Coupled Device(CCD), hyperspectral imager(HSI), infrared scanner(IRS), and S band Synthetic Aperture Radar(S-SAR), featuring large width, high revisitation rate, and medium spatial resolution, is an important part of China's earth observation system. On 6 September 2008, China successfully launched two small optical satellites(HJ-1-A/B) of SSCEDMF. Since then, the Office of the China National Committee for Disaster Reduction has, according to the demand of disaster reduction and relief, actively organized the application of these satellites for disaster reduction, established a sound system of products applying space technology in disaster reduction, and included HJ-1-A/B into the national system of disaster reduction and alleviation decision-making support services. This has played an important role in the monitoring and early warning of emerging major natural disasters at home and abroad.
  • Evaluating China's National Post-Disaster Plans:The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake's Recovery and Reconstruction Planning
    Yue Ge, Yongtao Gu, Wugong Deng
    2010, 1(02): 17-27.
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    The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake caused tremendous casualties and property losses as well as a substantial need for rebuilding the affected localities in order to address housing and urban development issues for the future. China's central government applied a national planning approach in both the emergency response and the disaster recovery phases that aims at facilitating the flow of technological assistance and financial aid from the whole country to the earthquake-stricken areas. This study reviews disaster management practices in China with an interdisciplinary analysis to see how disaster planning and management can be fit into the top-down government administration system. The Overall Plan for Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction and the City/Town System Plan for PostWenchuan Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction, two overarching plans initiated by the central government, are evaluated by reviewing the underlying facts, goals, and actions. The plans' merits are to be found in their incorporating hazard mitigation into disaster recovery plans and taking into account different strategies of relocation and reconstruction. The article also identifies the gap between making plans and meeting local needs, the insufficiency of public engagement in plan-making, and the negative planning impacts of competition for resources and funds. Suggestions for disaster planning and policy-making are provided with a focus on building a local disaster management system in China.
  • Strategic Group Formation for Carbon Governance in Indonesia after the Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004
    Jonatan A.Lassa
    2010, 1(02): 28-39.
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    This article indentifies the carbon governance landscape after a complex and large-scale disaster by identifying the formation of new strategic groups and the utilization of resources policies. The article highlights the post-disaster context of land use, land-use change, and forestry(LULUCF). In particular it examines the power issue surrounding carbon management in Aceh Province, Indonesia, after the Indian Ocean tsunami(IOT) 2004. The author proposes a new institutional framework, namely the Strategic Framework for Sustainability Analysis(SFSA). The SFSA uses a series of strategic group analyses, combined with strategic resources identification and strategic policy to analyze LULUCF problems. The strategic groups in LULUCF are those that hold the decision-making power to discourage/encourage sustainability of local natural resources. Each group is assumed to reposition itself strategically in order to gain more control over resources. The IOT 2004 has led Aceh to exercise its own sustainability policies, which are set through many initiatives such as a moratorium on logging, a sustainable palm oil policy, livelihood-based carbon conservation projects, and green development policies, including disaster risk reduction.
  • A New Goal for Playing Global Climate Change Game
    Qian Ye, Peijun Shi
    2010, 1(02): 40-43.
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    From an integrated risk governance point of view, we propose a new goal in order to solve the current dilemma in the international global climate change negotiations. We demonstrate that for global climate change issues, identifying a common interest so that all players are willing to play the game with the same rule is the key. Green economy could be that key.
  • The National Disaster Reduction Center of China
    Yan Guan
    2010, 1(02): 44.
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    <正>The National Disaster Reduction Center of China(NDRCC)(The Satellite Application Center for Disaster Reduction)of the Ministry of Civil Affairs(MCA)of the Peopled Repub-lic of China was established in 2002,and is a specialized agency under the Chinese Government.It is engaged in infor-mation service and decision-making assistance in support of comprehensive natural disaster management.
  • Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management
    Ying Wang
    2010, 1(02): 45-46.
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    <正>Reducing the massive losses caused by natural disasters and improving public security have been difficult but important tasks for achieving the sustainable development goal in coun-tries around the world.Therefore,in the 1990s,the United Nations launched the program of the International Decade for Natural Disasters Reduction(IDNDR),and later at the beginning of this century,the International Strategy for