针对传统光面爆破技术在隧道Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级软弱围岩中应用时常出现的超挖和进尺率低等问题，基于聚能水压光面爆破技术的原理及应用现状，设计了一种轴向多孔聚能管，通过将管内水袋、药卷交替间隔搭配导爆索和数码电子雷管形成一体化聚能水压装药结构，并在云南勐省隧道Ⅳ级围岩区域开展了连续装药光面爆破、水袋间隔光面爆破、空气间隔光面爆破和聚能水压光面爆破4种试验。爆后使用测距仪、卷尺和标杆对循环进尺、半孔率和超欠挖等爆破技术指标进行测量。试验结果表明：前3种试验的半孔率依次为13%、45%和38%，一个循环进尺依次为3.40 m、3.50 m和3.45 m，轮廓面围岩破碎存在超欠挖现象，而采用一体化装药结构的聚能水压光面爆破后的半孔率达62%，一个循环进尺为3.60 m，试验区域轮廓线比较平整，没有明显的超欠挖现象。现场应用结果表明：新型一体化聚能水压爆破在软弱围岩隧道周边轮廓平整度控制中效果显著，在减少钻孔数量和炸药量的同时，保持了围岩的完整性，是一种环保、节能的控制爆破技术。

There are few rugged plains in southwest China，and tunnel construction plays an important role in southwest China.However，when the tunnel is excavated by blasting in grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ weak surrounding rock，the traditional continuous charge smooth blasting technology often has problems such as over-excavation，low footage rate and large fragmentation after blasting.In order to solve such problems，based on the principle and application status of shaped water pressure smooth blasting technology，an axial porous shaped charge tube was designed.The integrated shaped water pressure structure was formed by alternately arranging the water bag and cartridge in the tube with detonating cord and digital electronic detonator.Four kinds of tests were carried out in the Ⅳ surrounding rock area of Mengsheng tunnel in Yunnan Province，including continuous charge smooth blasting，water bag interval smooth blasting，air interval smooth blasting and shaped water pressure smooth blasting.In order to maintain comparability，15 holes at the vault position were selected for the four tests.The blasting effect was checked one hour after blasting，and the blasting technical indexes such as single cycle footage，half-hole rate and overbreak and underbreak were measured by using range finder，tape and benchmark.The test results show that the half-hole rates of continuous charge smooth blasting，water bag interval smooth blasting and air interval smooth blasting are 13%，45% and 38% respectively，and the footage of one cycle is 3.40 m，3.50 m and 3.45 m respectively.The surrounding rock of the contour surface is broken and there is overbreak and underbreak phenomenon，while the half-hole rate of the shaped water pressure smooth blasting with integrated charge structure is 62%.The contour of a test area with a cycle footage of 3.60 m is relatively flat，there is no obvious over-excavation phenomenon，and the gravel after blasting is small.The comparison between the control test groups verifies the superiority of the energy-gathering structure based on plastic pipe research and development.The field application shows that the new shaped water pressure blasting has a significant effect on the flatness control of the surrounding contour of the weak surrounding rock tunnel.While reducing the number of boreholes and the amount of explosives，it maintains the integrity of the surrounding rock.It is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving controlled blasting technology.