Dynamic evolution and zoning control of cultivated land non-grain in grain production and marketing balance area: A case of Shaanxi Province
Received date: 2024-02-27
Revised date: 2024-04-30
Online published: 2026-03-11
Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of cultivated land non-grain in grain production and marketing balance areas is crucial for providing references for differentiated control measures and long-term management strategies. This study employs spatial autocorrelation models, spatio-temporal geographically weighted regression models, K-means algorithms, and other methods to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of cultivated land non-grain and its driving factors in Shaanxi Province, China, from 2000 to 2020. The results reveal the following: (1) The non-grain rate of cultivated land in Shaanxi Province increased from 16.11% in 2000 to 27.87% in 2020, representing a 73.00% rise. (2) The spatial distribution of non-grain in the province followed a pattern of “high in the north-south and low in the center.” The center of “high-high agglomeration” shifted gradually from the junction of the Guanzhong region and the northern region to the southern region of Shaanxi Province. Meanwhile, the “low-low agglomeration” was primarily concentrated in the Guanzhong region, exhibiting a diffusion trend from the center to surrounding areas. (3) The influence and scope of driving factors for cultivated land non-grain display significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity. The added value of the primary industry showed an increasing influence on cultivated land non-grain, while factors such as per capita cultivated land area, per capita mechanical labor force, average land slope, and annual precipitation demonstrated a decreasing influence. (4) The non-grain driving type of cultivated land in Shaanxi Province is mainly economic-driven, which is mainly distributed in Guanzhong region. Promoting the cost reduction and income increase of grain farmers and reducing the loss of rural population are the key points of control strategies. The types of production support are mainly distributed in the northern region, and the control strategies are mainly to improve the grain planting conditions and promote the development of the agricultural economy. The environmental restriction types are mainly distributed in the southern region of Shaanxi Province, and the combination measure of policy guidance and control strategies is the governance mode.
Yifan WU , Peixue XING , Weiwei ZHENG , Xianli XIA , Chaozheng ZHANG . Dynamic evolution and zoning control of cultivated land non-grain in grain production and marketing balance area: A case of Shaanxi Province[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2025 , 48(1) : 153 -167 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2024.121
表1 耕地非粮化驱动因子指标体系Tab. 1 Index system of driving factors for non-grain of cultivated land |
| 维度 | 因子 | 单位 | 预期符号 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 社会经济 | 一产增加值(X1) | 108元 | + |
| 农村居民可支配收入(X2) | 元 | ± | |
| 乡村人口数(X3) | 104人 | + | |
| 生产条件 | 人均耕地面积(X4) | hm2·人-1 | ± |
| 人均机械劳动力(X5) | kW·人-1 | + | |
| 路网密度(X6) | km·km-2 | + | |
| 自然禀赋 | 平均坡度(X7) | (°) | + |
| 年降水量(X8) | mm | ± | |
| 年均气温(X9) | °C | + |
图2 2000—2020年陕西省及各分区耕地非粮化率年际变化Fig. 2 Interannual variations of non-grain rates of cultivated land in Shaanxi Province and its sub-regions from 2000 to 2020 |
表2 全局莫兰指数Tab. 2 Global Moran’s I index |
| 年份 | 全局莫兰指数 | P值 |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.283 | 0.001 |
| 2005 | 0.224 | 0.001 |
| 2010 | 0.144 | 0.025 |
| 2015 | 0.090 | 0.078 |
| 2020 | 0.123 | 0.021 |
表3 回归模型拟合结果Tab. 3 Fitting results of regression model |
| 维度 | 自变量 | 回归系数 | 标准误 | P值 | 方差膨胀因子(VIF) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 社会经济 | 一产增加值(X1) | 0.160 | 0.032 | 0.000*** | 1.967 |
| 农村居民可支配收入(X2) | 0.483 | 0.058 | 0.000*** | 1.578 | |
| 乡村人口数(X3) | -0.095 | 0.020 | 0.000*** | 1.808 | |
| 生产条件 | 人均耕地面积(X4) | 0.380 | 0.043 | 0.000*** | 1.917 |
| 人均机械劳动力(X5) | -0.472 | 0.084 | 0.000*** | 1.522 | |
| 路网密度(X6) | 0.245 | 0.029 | 0.000*** | 1.698 | |
| 自然禀赋 | 平均坡度(X7) | 0.132 | 0.012 | 0.000*** | 2.010 |
| 年降水量(X8) | -0.072 | 0.021 | 0.001*** | 1.635 | |
| 年均气温(X9) | -0.063 | 0.022 | 0.005*** | 1.804 |
注:***、**和*分别代表在1.0%、5.0%和10%水平上显著相关。 |
图5 社会经济维度指标GTWR模型回归结果Fig. 5 GTWR model regression results for the socio-economic dimension indicators |
图6 生产条件维度指标GTWR模型回归结果Fig. 6 GTWR model regression results for the production conditions dimension indicators |
表4 成分矩阵Tab. 4 Component matrix |
| 影响因子 | 第一主成分 | 第二主成分 | 第三主成分 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 一产增加值(X1) | 0.346 | -0.153 | 0.277 |
| 农村居民可支配收入(X2) | -0.369 | 0.065 | 0.253 |
| 乡村人口数(X3) | 0.368 | -0.237 | 0.226 |
| 人均耕地面积(X4) | 0.223 | 0.374 | -0.049 |
| 人均机械劳动力(X5) | 0.063 | 0.353 | 0.046 |
| 路网密度(X6) | -0.486 | -0.049 | 0.222 |
| 平均坡度(X7) | -0.042 | -0.113 | -0.337 |
| 年降水量(X8) | -0.089 | -0.309 | -0.189 |
| 年均气温(X9) | 0.025 | 0.105 | -0.037 |
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