Spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanism of ecosystem service interactions in the Shiyang River Basin
Received date: 2023-12-15
Revised date: 2024-01-28
Online published: 2026-03-11
Understanding the spatiotemporal distribution and the internal complex relationships of ecosystem services is essential for their management. With the Shiyang River Basin, Gansu Province, China as the research area, six ecosystem services were evaluated in 2010, 2015, and 2020. The trade-off/synergy of ecosystem services and the spatial changes of service bundles on the grid and township scale were analyzed, and a boosted regression tree model was used to analyze the driving mechanism of ecosystem service bundles in the research area. The results showed the following: (1) The spatial differences of various services were obvious. The spatial pattern of water yield, carbon storage, soil conservation, and habitat quality was “southwest high-northeast low”. Food production was mainly distributed in the farming areas in the north-central part of the basin, and the high-value areas of recreational service were distributed in the southern areas and the central parts of the basin and in densely populated areas in the north. During the research period, all kinds of services were improved to varying degrees, with the increase in soil conservation having the largest improvement and the increase in carbon storage and habitat quality having the smallest. (2) The trade-offs and synergies of ecosystem services on two scales showed similarities, but their intensities were different. Overall, there were twelve pairs of synergy and three pairs of trade-off relationships. (3) The spatial patterns of ecosystem service bundles on two scales were similar. In addition to food production, there were five service-related service bundles in the southern part of the river basin. In the central and northern Minqin oasis areas of the basin, there were service bundles related to food production and recreational service. The ecological environment in other areas was relatively harsh. There was no outstanding service supply in the service bundles, but there were obvious changes in the number and space transfer of service bundles during the study period. (4) Many factors played an important role in the changes in ecosystem service bundles in the research area, and the impact factors were slightly different in different years. Among them, land use type, normalized difference vegetation index, annual precipitation, and altitude were the main drivers of the changes in ecosystem service bundles.
Feipeng HU , Jun ZHAO , Ziyun SUN , Jian LIU , Rui TUO . Spatiotemporal changes and driving mechanism of ecosystem service interactions in the Shiyang River Basin[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2024 , 47(10) : 1755 -1766 . DOI: 10.12118/j.issn.1000-6060.2023.708
表1 数据来源及其说明Tab. 1 Data source and data explanations |
| 数据 | 数据描述 | 分辨率 | 数据来源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 土地利用数据 | 2010、2015、2020年三期土地利用数据 | 30 m | 中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
| 气象数据 | 2010—2020年潜在蒸散发数据、年降水量和年均气温数据 | 1 km | 中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
| 土壤数据 | 基于世界土壤数据库的泛第三极土壤数据库 | 1 km | 国家青藏高原科学数据中心(https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/) |
| 地形数据 | DEM | 30 m | 地理空间数据云(https://www.gscloud.cn/) |
| 社会经济数据 | GDP | 1 km | 中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心(https://www.resdc.cn/) |
| 人口密度数据 | 100 m | WorldPOP(https://hub.worldpop.org/) | |
| 2010—2020年甘肃粮食生产统计数据 | 甘肃省统计局(http://tjj.gansu.gov.cn/) | ||
| 其他数据 | 2010—2020年NDVI和NPP数据 | 30 m | 国家青藏高原科学数据中心(https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/) |
| 县域和乡镇边界;河流水系数据 | 国家青藏高原科学数据中心(https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/) | ||
| 交通道路数据,包括公路、铁路等 | OSM(https://openmapt.org/) |
注:DEM为数字高程模型;GDP为国内生产总值;NDVI为归一化植被指数;NPP为净初级生产力。 |
表2 生态系统服务评估方法Tab. 2 Assessment methods for ecosystem services |
| 生态系统服务 | 计算公式 | 描述 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 供应服务 | 粮食供应 | 根据以往研究,粮食总产量按照耕地NDVI值与耕地总NDVI值的比值进行分配,以此确定研究区内各栅格的粮食供应能力[18]。Gx为栅格x的粮食供应量(t);NDVIx为耕地栅格x的NDVI值;NDVIsum为研究区内所有耕地的NDVI总和;Gsum为研究区内耕地内的粮食总产量(t)。 | |
| 产水量 | 利用InVEST模型中的Water yield模块对水源供给进行计算,模型中的参数根据有关研究成果确定[19]。Yx为栅格x的年产量(mm);Px和AETx分别为栅格x的年降雨量和年实际蒸散量(mm)。 | ||
| 调节服务 | 碳储量 | 利用InVEST模型中的Carbon Storage Sequestration模块计算固碳储量,碳库参数根据有关研究成果确定[20]。Cx为总碳储量(t·hm-2);Cabove为地上碳储量(t·hm-2);Cbelow为地下碳储量(t·hm-2);Cdead为死亡有机质(t·hm-2);Csoil为土壤碳储量(t·hm-2)。 | |
| 土壤保持 | 采用修正水土流失方程估算土壤保持[21]。SC为土壤保持量(t·hm-2·a-1);R为降雨侵蚀力因子;K为土壤可侵蚀力因子;LS为坡度坡长因子;C为植被覆盖因子;P为土壤保持因子。 | ||
| 支持服务 | 生境质量 | 利用InVEST模型中Habitat Quality模块计算生境分布和退化情况[22]。Qxj为第j类土地利用类型栅格x的生境质量指数;Hj为土地利用类型j的生境适宜度;Dxj为土地利用类型j中的栅格单元x的生境退化程度;k为半饱和系数。其中威胁因子及其敏感度的赋值参照相关研究成果确定[19]。 | |
| 文化服务 | 休闲娱乐 | RS=Σ(NPPi+POPi+ROADi) | 文化服务指人类直接或间接从生态系统中所获得的非物质性收益。基于森林游憩服务量化模型,引入NPP取代娱乐得分,对流域的休闲娱乐进行评估[23-24]。根据公式对得分求和后重分类为0~10,得分越高,休闲娱乐服务越强。RS为休闲娱乐的总得分;NPPi为植被净初级生产力水平得分;POPi为人口聚集临近度得分;ROADi为道路的距离得分。 |
图2 石羊河流域生态系统服务的时空分布Fig. 2 Spatiotemporal distribution of ecosystem services in the Shiyang River Basin |
表3 2010—2020年石羊河流域生态系统服务统计Tab. 3 Assessment of ecosystem services in the Shiyang River Basin from 2010 to 2020 |
| 年份 | FP/t | WY/t | CS/t | SC/t | HQ | RS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 3.71×106 | 2.31×109 | 5.60×108 | 4.53×108 | 0.4572 | 3.35 |
| 2015 | 4.79×106 | 3.05×109 | 5.64×108 | 5.71×108 | 0.4602 | 3.84 |
| 2020 | 4.96×106 | 3.18×109 | 5.62×108 | 7.19×108 | 0.4576 | 3.97 |
注:FP为粮食供应;WY为产水量;CS为碳储量;SC为土壤保持;HQ为生境质量;RS为休闲娱乐。 |
图4 2010—2020年石羊河流域栅格尺度上生态系统服务簇的时空变化Fig. 4 Spatiotemporal variation of ecosystem service bundles at the grid scale in the Shiyang River Basin from 2010 to 2020 |
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
|
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
郑华, 李屹峰, 欧阳志云, 等. 生态系统服务功能管理研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(3): 702-710.
[
|
| [5] |
李双成, 张才玉, 刘金龙, 等. 生态系统服务权衡与协同研究进展及地理学研究议题[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(8): 1379-1390.
[
|
| [6] |
李冬花, 张晓瑶, 王咏, 等. 新安江流域生态系统服务演化过程及权衡协同关系[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(17): 6981-6993.
[
|
| [7] |
|
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
欧阳晓, 贺清云, 朱翔. 多情景下模拟城市群土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响——以长株潭城市群为例[J]. 经济地理, 2020, 40(1): 93-102.
[
|
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
张春悦, 白永平, 杨雪荻, 等. 多情景模拟下宁夏平原生态系统服务簇识别研究[J]. 地理研究, 2022, 41(12): 3364-3382.
[
|
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
胡宇霞, 龚吉蕊, 朱趁趁, 等. 基于生态系统服务簇的内蒙古荒漠草原生态系统服务的空间分布特征[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(4): 1-14.
[
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
宋家鹏, 陈松林. 基于生态系统服务簇的福州市生态系统服务格局[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 1045-1053.
[
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
杨亮洁, 王晶, 魏伟, 等. 干旱内陆河流域生态安全格局的构建及优化——以石羊河流域为例[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(17): 5915-5927.
[
|
| [18] |
张自正, 张蕾, 孙桂英, 等. 清江流域生态系统服务权衡时空效应及驱动因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 1051-1062.
[
|
| [19] |
王蓓, 赵军, 胡秀芳. 石羊河流域生态系统服务权衡与协同关系研究[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(21): 7582-7595.
[
|
| [20] |
韩楚翘, 郑江华, 王哲, 等. 基于PLUS-InVEST模型吐哈盆地陆地生态系统碳储量时空变化及多情景模拟[J]. 干旱区地理, 2024, 47(2): 260-269.
[
|
| [21] |
秦伟, 朱清科, 张岩. 基于GIS和RUSLE的黄土高原小流域土壤侵蚀评估[J]. 农业工程学报, 2009, 25(8): 157-163, 5.
[
|
| [22] |
胡丰, 张艳, 郭宇, 等. 基于PLUS和InVEST模型的渭河流域土地利用与生境质量时空变化及预测[J]. 干旱区地理, 2022, 45(4): 1125-1136.
[
|
| [23] |
王良杰, 马帅, 许稼昌, 等. 基于生态系统服务权衡的优先保护区选取研究——以南方丘陵山地带为例[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(5): 1716-1727.
[
|
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
王玉纯, 赵军, 付杰文, 等. 生态系统服务综合关系空间分异及驱动因素——以石羊河流域为例[J]. 水土保持研究, 2023, 30(2): 274-284.
[
|
| [29] |
王波, 杨太保. 1980—2018年银川市生态系统服务价值评价及驱动力分析[J]. 干旱区地理, 2021, 44(2): 552-564.
[
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
|
| [32] |
|
| [33] |
|
| [34] |
|
| [35] |
|
| [36] |
刘迪, 陈海, 荔童, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区村域生态系统服务簇的时空分异及其地形梯度分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2022, 41(4): 670-681.
[
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |