根据2021年1月在青藏高原东南和西南部所采集的73个积雪样，通过测定积雪中氢氧稳定同位素和可溶性无机离子，结合主成分分析和Hysplit后向轨迹分析，揭示了干季氢氧稳定同位素（δD和δ¹⁸O）分馏特征及水汽迁移对积雪剖面化学组分变化的影响，讨论了氢氧稳定同位素与气候的关系和可溶性无机离子组成及来源。结果表明：整个研究区积雪大气水线为δD=7.86δ¹⁸O+11.8（R²=0.95），接近拉萨冬季大气水线，且东南部大气水线斜率和截距略低于西南部；δD和δ¹⁸O波动分别介于-178.11‰~ -68.07‰和-23.80‰~-9.61‰，d-excess值波动范围为11.03‰~23.49‰，表现为冬季δD、δ¹⁸O低值，高d-excess值；雪坑表层相对富集重同位素，同位素值高于下层雪样，且积雪内部的水汽迁移使得分层雪样的δD和δ¹⁸O关系曲线的斜率出现差异；主要可溶性无机离子浓度序列为Ca²⁺>SO₄^2->Na⁺>NO₃^->Cl^->K⁺>Mg²⁺>NH₄⁺，其中Ca²⁺（42.47%）、SO₄^2-（23.53%）分别在阳、阴离子中占比最大，且东南部离子浓度平均值高于西南部；主成分分析结果显示，陆源是积雪中离子的主要来源，NH₄⁺和部分NO₃^-与人类活动有关；后向气团轨迹显示，水汽来源与高空西风环流控制的水汽输送有关，且离子大多为冬季西风所携带的陆源矿物粉尘。

According to 73 snow samples collected in the southeast and southwest of Tibetan Plateau in January， 2021， the characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes（δD and δ¹⁸O） fractionation in dry season and the influence of water vapor migration on the chemical composition change of snow profile were revealed by measuring the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and soluble inorganic ions in snow， and the relationship between stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and climate and the composition and source of soluble inorganic ions were discussed. The results show that the local meteoric waterline of snowpack in the whole study area is δD=7.86δ¹⁸O+11.8 （R²=0.95）， which is close to the Lhasa winter meteoric waterline， and the slope and intercept of the meteoric waterline in the southeast are slightly lower than those in the southwest. δD and δ¹⁸O fluctuates from -178.11‰ to -68.07‰ and -23.80‰ to -9.61‰， respectively， and the d-excess values fluctuate from 11.03‰ to 23.49‰， showing low values of δD and δ¹⁸O in winter， and high d-excess values. The surface layer is relatively enriched in heavy isotopes， and the isotope values are higher than those of the lower snow samples， and the water vapor migration inside the snow makes the slope of the relationship between δD and δ¹⁸O different. The concentration sequence of the main soluble inorganic ions is Ca²⁺>SO₄^2->Na⁺>NO₃^->Cl^->K⁺>Mg²⁺>NH₄⁺， of which Ca²⁺ （42.47%）， SO₄^2- （23.53%） accounted for the largest proportion of cation and anion， respectively， and the average concentration of ions in the southeast was higher than that in the southwest. The results of principal component analysis show that terrigenous sources are the main source of ions in snow， and NH₄⁺ and some NO₃^- are related to human activities. The backward air mass trajectory shows that the source of water vapor is related to the water vapor transport controlled by the upper-altitude westerly circulation， and most of the ions are terrestrial mineral dust carried by westerly winds in winter.