Remote Sensing for Natural Resources >
Time-series monitoring and prediction of tailings dams through neural network-based deep infusion of InSAR and GNSS data
Received date: 2024-08-16
Revised date: 2025-01-03
Online published: 2026-06-03
The time-series monitoring and prediction of tailings dam stability have always been a major concern in China’s mine safety research. Focusing on a tailings dam in Anhui province,this study obtained 26 periods of longitudinal deformation data from six characteristic monitoring points on the dam surface,using InSAR and GNSS technologies. Based on the data,a least-squares adjustment model with restricted parameters was established. Combined with the initial three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring points as polynomial correction parameters,the InSAR and GNSS data were fused to improve the data accuracy. Then,time-series prediction of deformation data was conducted for the monitoring points using the back propagation (BP) neural network,thus obtaining their future deformation data. Experiments were carried out to compute and compare the deformation data and corresponding root mean square error (RMSE) of each period before and after fusion,wherein the fused GNSS and InSAR data were evaluated with the root mean square error (RMSE) as the accuracy standard. The results showed that the post-fusion RMSE decreased by up to 70.61% and by at least 4.34% (average:25.91%),compared to pre-fusion data. Furthermore,the neural network model was used to repeatedly train the fused InSAR data from periods 1 to 22,with periods 23 to 26 serving as the test set,ultimately outputting the data of each point for periods 23 to 26. Compared to the GNSS data,the RMSE of the outputs were less than 1.5 mm. These results can provide reliable technical support for the time-series monitoring and prediction of tailings dam stability.
LYU Linwei , WANG Rui , XU Lintao , HUANG Shiqiao , HUANG Shuaishuai , LIN Min , HE Yibo , HE Qian , YAN Huineng , CHEN Shangbo . Time-series monitoring and prediction of tailings dams through neural network-based deep infusion of InSAR and GNSS data[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025 , 37(5) : 162 -171 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2024271
表1 观测点三维空间坐标数据Tab.1 3D spatial coordinate data of observation points |
| 观测点 | X | Y | Z |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | 4 695.661 | 5 138.075 | 30.438 |
| #2 | 4 667.625 | 5 166.371 | 30.377 |
| #3 | 4 639.355 | 5 194.903 | 30.446 |
| #4 | 4 611.383 | 5 223.137 | 30.502 |
| #5 | 4 583.200 | 5 251.577 | 30.466 |
| #6 | 4 554.937 | 5 280.115 | 30.271 |
表2 各点InSAR数据与GNSS融合后的数据Tab.2 Data after InSAR data and GNSS fusion at each point |
| 期数 | 形变量/mm | 期数 | 形变量/mm | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 | ||
| 1 | 0.637 1 | 0.615 5 | 0.979 5 | -0.082 2 | 0.234 0 | 0.803 0 | 14 | -4.956 4 | -2.788 8 | -2.134 8 | -2.791 1 | -6.699 8 | -5.676 9 |
| 2 | -1.460 7 | -2.950 4 | -3.993 2 | -2.491 5 | -4.643 6 | -6.334 6 | 15 | 0.427 4 | 0.842 5 | 0.981 6 | 0.797 3 | -2.098 1 | -6.149 1 |
| 3 | 1.273 6 | 1.239 1 | 0.801 0 | -0.811 3 | -0.381 7 | -0.333 6 | 16 | -2.615 4 | -1.124 9 | -0.962 9 | -2.236 6 | -1.405 7 | -7.558 9 |
| 4 | 2.658 6 | 2.072 8 | 1.490 7 | 7.412 5 | 0.520 3 | 2.025 0 | 17 | 5.109 2 | 4.628 5 | -2.439 1 | -1.143 9 | -4.825 7 | -3.887 0 |
| 5 | 0.474 9 | 0.049 4 | 0.335 2 | 0.169 2 | -0.244 7 | -0.795 4 | 18 | 3.069 5 | 4.539 3 | 4.668 6 | -3.581 6 | -8.931 5 | -6.462 6 |
| 6 | 0.629 5 | 1.733 3 | 2.096 4 | 0.672 0 | 0.412 4 | 0.601 5 | 19 | 8.841 9 | 10.362 4 | 15.089 3 | 13.455 7 | 11.380 1 | 10.399 6 |
| 7 | -1.319 0 | -0.113 3 | -0.880 3 | -1.401 8 | -1.241 2 | -0.475 0 | 20 | 5.687 2 | 6.759 1 | 0.908 7 | -0.348 7 | -5.607 8 | -1.784 0 |
| 8 | -1.484 2 | -0.624 5 | -0.133 0 | -0.926 9 | -0.990 5 | 0.117 2 | 21 | 6.497 3 | 9.412 2 | 1.143 2 | -2.409 3 | -6.108 6 | -4.407 3 |
| 9 | 0.121 5 | 0.494 8 | -0.430 2 | 0.221 7 | -1.595 3 | 0.800 5 | 22 | 5.618 1 | 4.864 5 | 0.958 5 | 4.878 0 | 0.231 5 | -0.646 1 |
| 10 | 2.128 4 | 2.686 0 | 1.283 6 | 0.297 1 | 0.091 0 | 0.500 9 | 23 | 6.627 7 | 8.626 6 | 5.340 9 | -2.485 7 | -2.274 1 | -1.678 8 |
| 11 | -1.245 6 | 0.287 7 | -1.665 7 | -2.530 0 | -3.448 7 | 1.209 5 | 24 | 6.440 3 | 9.453 2 | 4.616 0 | 1.632 2 | -2.200 9 | 1.804 0 |
| 12 | -1.126 7 | -1.372 2 | 0.561 0 | 3.087 9 | -0.439 2 | 0.131 3 | 25 | 5.362 4 | 6.862 3 | 5.398 5 | 2.257 3 | -2.408 6 | -2.099 4 |
| 13 | -2.288 3 | 0.465 3 | 2.618 1 | 1.317 1 | -3.416 0 | -3.081 8 | 26 | 3.346 7 | 3.626 3 | 0.785 0 | -2.959 6 | -7.874 3 | -7.624 1 |
表3 网络预测输出值与融合值的RMSETab.3 RMSE of the network prediction output value and the fusion value (mm) |
| 点号 | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RMSE | 0.610 5 | 0.962 5 | 1.290 4 | 0.648 8 | 0.764 1 | 1.199 8 |
表4 由神经网络预测的第27期监测点形变值Tab.4 Deformation value of the 27th monitoring point predicted by the neural network (mm) |
| 点号 | #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 神经网络输出第27期形变数据 | 3.503 5 | 7.264 9 | 4.717 8 | 3.492 5 | 2.992 9 | -13.474 3 |
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