Remote Sensing for Natural Resources >
SD-BASNet:a building extraction network for high-spatial-resolution remote sensing imagery
Received date: 2024-06-12
Revised date: 2024-10-07
Online published: 2026-06-03
In response to the challenges posed by substantial parameters and the loss of building details during downsampling,this study,inspired by lightweight networks,designed a building extraction network (SD-BASNet) incorporating depthwise separable residual blocks and dilated convolution. First,a depthwise separable residual block was designed in the prediction module of the deep supervision encoder-decoder. Depthwise separable convolution was incorporated into the backbone ResNet to prevent oversized convolutional kernels and reduce the number of network parameters. Second,to mitigate the potential decline in accuracy due to network lightweighting,dilated convolution was integrated into the encoder layer of the post-processing optimization module. This strategy effectively expands the receptive field of feature maps,thereby capturing broader contextual information and enhancing the accuracy of building feature extraction. Experiments on the WHU building dataset showed that the proposed network achieved an mIoU of 92.25%,an mPA of 96.59%,a Recall of 96.50%,a Precision of 93.79%,and a F1-score of 92.61%. Compared with current semantic segmentation networks,including PSPNet,SegNet,DeepLabV3,SE-UNet,and UNet++,the SD-BASNet demonstrated significantly improved accuracy and better completeness of building extraction. Compared with the baseline BASNet,the SD-BASNet also exhibited reductions in both parameter count and runtime,demonstrating its effectiveness.
ZHU Juanjuan , HUANG Liang , ZHU Shasha . SD-BASNet:a building extraction network for high-spatial-resolution remote sensing imagery[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025 , 37(5) : 122 -130 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2024209
表1 不同网络的参数量与时间分析Tab.1 Analysis of parameter quantity in different networks |
| 序号 | 网络 | 参数量/106 | 训练时间/h |
|---|---|---|---|
| ① | BASNet | 87.06 | 11.27 |
| ② | BASNet+DSC | 61.54 | 10.79 |
| ③ | BASNet+DC | 87.06 | 11.77 |
| ④ | BASNet+DSC+DC(SD-BASNet) | 61.96 | 10.91 |
表2 不同网络的检测结果Tab.2 Detection results of different networks (%) |
| 网络 | mIoU | mPA | 召回率 | 精确率 | F1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSPNet | 73.74 | 80.43 | 89.62 | 62.86 | 73.89 |
| SegNet | 77.67 | 83.26 | 93.27 | 67.87 | 78.57 |
| DeepLabV3 | 82.30 | 87.07 | 94.34 | 75.39 | 83.80 |
| SE-UNet | 82.95 | 87.37 | 95.43 | 75.74 | 84.46 |
| UNet++ | 83.77 | 87.92 | 96.09 | 76.69 | 85.30 |
| BASNet | 90.10 | 93.88 | 98.40 | 87.44 | 89.92 |
| SD-BASNet | 92.25 | 96.59 | 96.50 | 93.79 | 92.61 |
表3 小尺度建筑物的检测结果Tab.3 Detection results of small-scale building (%) |
| 网络 | mIoU | mPA | 召回率 | 精确率 | F1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSPNet | 74.30 | 79.84 | 89.84 | 61.46 | 75.26 |
| SegNet | 74.64 | 82.24 | 96.84 | 65.48 | 78.13 |
| DeepLabV3 | 82.17 | 87.93 | 96.80 | 77.06 | 85.81 |
| SE-UNet | 83.59 | 88.81 | 97.87 | 78.43 | 87.08 |
| UNet++ | 84.77 | 89.92 | 97.09 | 79.69 | 87.30 |
| BASNet | 92.89 | 96.56 | 93.99 | 96.01 | 94.99 |
| SD-BASNet | 93.07 | 96.81 | 94.71 | 96.17 | 95.41 |
表4 多尺度建筑物的检测结果Tab.4 Detection results of multi-scale building (%) |
| 网络 | mIoU | mPA | 召回率 | 精确率 | F1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSPNet | 46.14 | 76.51 | 78.49 | 53.75 | 63.14 |
| SegNet | 81.04 | 87.69 | 95.42 | 77.37 | 85.45 |
| DeepLabV3 | 81.58 | 87.97 | 96.23 | 77.56 | 85.89 |
| SE-UNet | 83.09 | 88.80 | 97.99 | 78.46 | 87.15 |
| UNet++ | 86.86 | 84.79 | 97.14 | 77.14 | 85.02 |
| BASNet | 89.36 | 93.58 | 94.40 | 90.61 | 92.51 |
| SD-BASNet | 90.18 | 94.50 | 94.57 | 91.81 | 93.17 |
表5 大尺度建筑物的检测结果Tab.5 Detection results of large-scale building (%) |
| 网络 | mIoU | mPA | 召回率 | 精确率 | F1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSPNet | 39.58 | 40.72 | 40.72 | 58.62 | 56.71 |
| SegNet | 82.62 | 90.25 | 87.19 | 90.14 | 88.64 |
| DeepLabV3 | 84.50 | 91.90 | 92.57 | 88.09 | 90.28 |
| SE-UNet | 88.21 | 93.85 | 93.56 | 91.80 | 92.67 |
| UNet++ | 87.59 | 92.16 | 93.31 | 90.34 | 91.31 |
| BASNet | 91.76 | 95.39 | 92.70 | 97.12 | 94.86 |
| SD-BASNet | 92.34 | 95.95 | 92.49 | 97.59 | 95.50 |
表6 消融实验检测结果Tab.6 Detection results of ablation tests (%) |
| 网络 | mIoU | mPA | 召回率 | 精确率 | F1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BASNet | 90.10 | 93.88 | 98.40 | 87.44 | 89.92 |
| BASNet+DSC | 86.39 | 94.80 | 91.39 | 93.05 | 92.70 |
| BASNet+DC | 92.56 | 95.01 | 96.16 | 93.24 | 92.12 |
| SD-BASNet | 92.25 | 96.59 | 96.50 | 93.79 | 92.61 |
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