Remote Sensing for Natural Resources >
Grassland degradation and its response to drought in the western Songnen Plain based on comprehensive remote sensing index
Received date: 2023-08-02
Revised date: 2023-11-21
Online published: 2026-06-03
The grassland ecosystem is one of the most important and widely distributed terrestrial ecosystems. Analyzing the grassland degradation and its influential factors holds great significance for guiding the conservation and sustainable use of grassland resources, as well as the restoration and reconstruction of degraded ecosystems. This study extracted information on the distribution of grassland in western Songnen Plain using an object-oriented classification method and a multi-layer decision tree while comprehensively considering the degradation of vegetation and soils. Using Landsat TM image data, this study constructed a comprehensive grassland degradation index (GDI) for 11 even years from 2000 to 2020, followed by the assessment of the spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland degradation. Using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) as an indicator of drought, this study analyzed the responses of grassland degradation to the spatiotemporal changes in climate-induced drought. The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020, grassland in the western Songnen Plain decreased to 1 024 700 hm2 from 1 051 700 hm2, with an annual decreasing rate of 0.1%. The grassland degradation showed a nonsignificant downward trend, with 81.7% of the grassland exhibiting a stable or downward degradation trend. The SPEI exhibited an increasing trend in both spring and summer, representing a downward drought trend with significant regional differences. Besides, there was a nonsignificant weak positive correlation between GDI and SPEI in both spring and summer. The results of this study will provide data support for the conservation and sustainable use of grasslands in the western Songnen Plain, while also holding active significance for managing and controlling the ecological and economic benefits of grasslands in this region.
LIU Wenhui , LI Xinye , LI Xiaoyan . Grassland degradation and its response to drought in the western Songnen Plain based on comprehensive remote sensing index[J]. Remote Sensing for Natural Resources, 2025 , 37(1) : 232 -242 . DOI: 10.6046/zrzyyg.2023235
表1 基于SPEI指数的干旱分级Tab.1 Drought classification based on SPEI |
| SPEI | >-0.5 | (-1,-0.5] | (-1.5,-1] | (-2,-1.5) | ≤-2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 分级 | 无旱 | 轻度干旱 | 中度干旱 | 重度干旱 | 极度干旱 |
表2 草地退化趋势各级别面积及占比Tab.2 Area and proportion of grassland degradation trend for each level |
| 草地退化趋势 | 面积/hm2 | 占比/% |
|---|---|---|
| 快速减轻 | 146 514.90 | 23.40 |
| 缓慢减轻 | 104 126.90 | 16.60 |
| 保持稳定 | 260 866.10 | 41.66 |
| 缓慢加重 | 72 053.55 | 11.50 |
| 快速加重 | 42 453.63 | 6.78 |
图10-1 2000—2020年松嫩平原西部GDI与春、夏SPEI指数空间相关性和相关显著性空间分布Fig.10-1 Spatial correlation and correlation significance of GDI and SPEI in spring and summer in western Songnen Plain during 2000—2020 |
图10-2 2000—2020年松嫩平原西部GDI与春、夏SPEI指数空间相关性和相关显著性空间分布Fig.10-2 Spatial correlation and correlation significance of GDI and SPEI in spring and summer in western Songnen Plain during 2000—2020 |
表3 GDI与春、夏季SPEI相关显著类型面积统计Tab.3 Ratio of correlation significance for SPEI and GDI in spring and summer |
| 季节 | 不显著负相关 (p>0.05) | 显著负相关 (p<0.05) | 不显著正相关 (p>0.05) | 显著正相关 (p<0.05) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 59.5 | 36.3 |
| 夏季 | 31.0 | 0.1 | 67.7 | 1.2 |
表4 不同草地类型GDI与春、夏季SPEI趋势变化相关系数Tab.4 Correlation between GDI and SPEI for steppe and meadow in spring and summer |
| 相关分析 | 春季SPEI | 夏季SPEI | 样本数 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 草原GDI | -0.265**① | 0.243** | 5 402 |
| 草甸GDI | -0.374** | 0.296** | 5 016 |
①**表示p<0.01(相关系数在0.01水平上显著)。 |
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