Heihe River Basin is an important barrier for ecological security in Northwest China. It is of great significance to clarify the gradient effect of ecosystem services in this region for formulating differentiated ecological protection policies. Based on the methods of InVEST model and CASA model， this study quantified ecosystem services by using multi-source remote sensing data in 2018 in Heihe River Basin， and then analyzed gradient effects of ecosystem services from four aspects of elevation， slope， relief amplitude and terrain index， divided ecological regions according to the topography distribution index at last. The results shows that： （1） The space distributions of water production， soil conservation， vegetation carbon sequestration and food supply are obviously different in Heihe River Basin， high value areas mainly in the upstream， low value areas widely distributed in the downstream. （2） The ecosystem services exist obviously hierarchy distribution on various landform gradient， overall have the trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the terrain gradient levels increase. （3） The distributions of multiple ecosystem services important zones are different， and overall the importance of ecosystem services zones are increasing with the increase of terrain gradient levels. （4） Based on the terrain distribution rules， Heihe River Basin can be divided into area of core ecological reserve， area of mountain ecological improvement， area of sustainable development and ecological protection area.