In this study， the evaluation of the sand control efficiency of the reed bundle sand control system in the gobi region of Milan section of Golmud-Korla Railway， Southern Xinjiang， China was carried out through field observation and numerical simulation. The results show that the sand-control systems consisting of two reed bundle fences and a 40 m long belt of large reed checkerboard （4 m×4 m×0.8 m） have a good effect on controlling damages caused by the gobi wind-blown sand. The maximum windproof efficiency （wind speed attenuation ratio） in the range of 2-14H （H， fence height， 2 m） after a single row reed bundle sand fence reached 86%， and the sand blocking efficiency （attenuation ratio of sand flux） ranged between 91.8% and 96.8%. The maximum wind protection efficiency of the double-row sand fence was almost unchangeable， and the sand blocking efficiency increased to 98%， while the sand blocking efficiency increased to 99.7% as wind-blown sand flux flowing over the belt of large reed checkerboard. Moreover， as the wind-blown sand flux flowed over the sand control system， the average particle size was significantly reduced from 240 μm to 72-109 μm， and the sorting tended to become better. The measured and simulated results show that the sand control system composed of two reed-bundle sand fences with 50% porosity and two large reed-bundle grids （4 m×4 m×0.8 m） can play a good role in sand control， the project cost is relatively low， and the protection system can be applied to the control of sand damage in the gobi wind area of Golmud-Korla Railway.