Late Holocene climate change recorded by grain size and trace elements in sediments from the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert
Received date: 2025-03-04
Revised date: 2025-04-09
Online published: 2026-03-12
The Gurbantunggut Desert, significantly influenced by westerly circulation, is a major source of sand and dust in the arid zone of Central Asia. However, debates persist regarding climatic dry-wet fluctuations and aeolian sand changes in the desert throughout the Holocene. This study focuses on two representative dune (sand ridge) profiles located at the southern edge of the desert. Optically stimulated luminescence dating was employed to establish an age scale for these profiles. We analyzed the particle size of wind deposits, the content of trace elements, and the ratios of these elements as environmental proxies to extract information on paleoclimate changes recorded in the dune depositional sequences. The findings indicate significant alterations in paleoclimate and the intensity of wind and sand activities since the Late Holocene in the study area. Between approximately 4.71 and 2.15 ka, the climate fluctuated between warm and cold periods, characterized by aridity and minimal precipitation, alongside notable variations in wind and sand activity. From 2.15 to 0.75 ka, the climate transitioned to a warmer and wetter state, accompanied by a decline in wind and sand activity. In the period from 0.75 ka to the present, strong wind and sand activities were observed during the early Little Ice Age, followed by a shift toward a warmer and drier climate in subsequent years. The temperature changes in the study area generally align with global trends. However, humidity fluctuations and variations in aeolian activity intensity exhibit distinct regional characteristics.
Key words: dust deposition; trace elements; Late Holocene; climate change; Gurbantunggut Desert
SHAO Junjie , TAO Tonglian , LI Zhizhong . Late Holocene climate change recorded by grain size and trace elements in sediments from the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025 , 42(5) : 788 -799 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.05.02
表1 研究剖面OSL测年样品的年代及相关参数值Tab. 1 Age and related parameter values of the study profiles OSL dating samples |
| 样号 | 埋深/m | 铀/(μg·g-1) | 钍/(μg·g-1) | 钾/(μg·g-1) | 环境剂量率/(Gy·ka-1) | 等效剂量/Gy | 年龄/ka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MT-01 | 0.6 | 1.43±0.02 | 5.17±0.07 | 2.04±0.02 | 2.78±0.12 | 0.41±0.03 | 0.15±0.01 |
| MT-02 | 1.5 | 1.57±0.02 | 4.64±0.03 | 2.01±0.02 | 2.72±0.12 | 5.75±0.17 | 2.11±0.11 |
| MT-03 | 3.6 | 1.33±0.01 | 4.71±0.02 | 1.92±0.02 | 2.55±0.11 | 5.95±0.17 | 2.33±0.12 |
| WT-01 | 1.0 | 1.78±0.04 | 5.98±0.06 | 1.95±0.02 | 2.83±0.12 | 6.63±0.13 | 2.34±0.11 |
| WT-02 | 1.5 | 1.88±0.02 | 8.26±0.07 | 1.82±0.01 | 2.87±0.12 | 5.99±0.14 | 2.09±0.10 |
| WT-03 | 2.0 | 1.58±0.02 | 5.78±0.04 | 1.96±0.01 | 2.76±0.12 | 7.13±0.23 | 2.59±0.14 |
| WT-04 | 2.5 | 1.46±0.02 | 6.71±0.03 | 1.91±0.02 | 2.73±0.11 | 11.26±0.34 | 4.13±0.21 |
| WT-05 | 3.0 | 1.23±0.02 | 5.19±0.03 | 1.90±0.01 | 2.56±0.11 | 10.68±0.27 | 4.18±0.21 |
| WT-06 | 3.5 | 1.32±0.02 | 8.25±0.07 | 1.89±0.02 | 2.76±0.12 | 9.68±0.40 | 3.51±0.21 |
| WT-07 | 4.0 | 1.30±0.01 | 5.59±0.04 | 2.03±0.02 | 2.70±0.12 | 12.74±0.44 | 4.71±0.26 |
表2 MT剖面风成砂微量元素丰度Tab. 2 Trace element abundance of aeolian sand in MT profile /(mg·kg-1) |
| 元素 | As | Ba | Co | Cu | Cr | La | Mn | Ni | Nb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值 | 13.95 | 591.95 | 7.76 | 32.03 | 42.76 | 21.92 | 558.95 | 22.57 | 17.76 |
| 变化范围 | 13~14 | 460~695 | 6~9 | 21~36 | 36~49 | 18~26 | 531~611 | 12~26 | 15~22 |
| 标准差 | 0.23 | 43.82 | 0.72 | 2.59 | 3.08 | 2.07 | 18.71 | 2.24 | 1.23 |
| UCC值 | 1.50 | 550.00 | 10.00 | 25.00 | 35.00 | 30.00 | 600.00 | 20.00 | 25.00 |
| 元素 | Pb | Rb | Th | Y | Sr | Zn | V | Ti | Zr |
| 平均值 | 46.27 | 94.46 | 24.59 | 29.65 | 269.00 | 49.14 | 76.97 | 2950.78 | 211.86 |
| 变化范围 | 33~53 | 89~99 | 17~28 | 28~31 | 252~283 | 44~55 | 75~79 | 2799~3119 | 269~174 |
| 标准差 | 2.89 | 2.10 | 1.59 | 0.59 | 6.75 | 2.69 | 0.90 | 75.72 | 17.78 |
| UCC值 | 20.00 | 112.00 | 10.70 | 22.00 | 350.00 | 71.00 | 60.00 | 3000.00 | 190.00 |
表3 WT剖面风成砂微量元素丰度Tab. 3 Trace element abundance of aeolian sand in WT section /(mg·kg-1) |
| 元素 | As | Ba | Co | Cu | Cr | La | Mn | Ni | Nb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均值 | 13.98 | 550.30 | 6.00 | 24.34 | 44.09 | 20.89 | 560.11 | 24.02 | 18.30 |
| 变化范围 | 13~14 | 503~643 | 4~8 | 18~38 | 38~53 | 18~24 | 503~645 | 22~26 | 17~20 |
| 标准差 | 0.15 | 32.97 | 0.68 | 3.18 | 3.26 | 1.48 | 24.05 | 1.09 | 0.70 |
| UCC值 | 1.50 | 550.00 | 10.00 | 25.00 | 35.00 | 30.00 | 600.00 | 20.00 | 25.00 |
| 元素 | Pb | Rb | Th | Y | Sr | Zn | V | Ti | Zr |
| 平均值 | 49.11 | 97.39 | 25.16 | 30.31 | 268.93 | 43.43 | 76.91 | 2991.07 | 272.52 |
| 变化范围 | 44~53 | 91~106 | 22~27 | 29~32 | 256~308 | 37~50 | 73~82 | 2632~3478 | 186~346 |
| 标准差 | 1.97 | 2.62 | 1.01 | 0.67 | 10.29 | 2.97 | 1.43 | 137.24 | 38.46 |
| UCC值 | 20.00 | 112.00 | 10.70 | 22.00 | 350.00 | 71.00 | 60.00 | 3000.00 | 190.00 |
图5 古尔班通古特沙漠晚全新世风沙沉积粒度参数与微量元素古气候记录Fig. 5 Grain size parameters and trace element paleoclimate records of Late Holocene aeolian sand deposits in Gurbantunggut Desert |
衷心感谢同课题组的硕士生邹晓君、谭典佳、马运强对实验、论文撰写提供大量的帮助。
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