Numerical simulation study on the impact of typical trban lakes in arid regions on local climate effects
Received date: 2025-03-27
Revised date: 2025-09-15
Online published: 2026-03-12
To investigate the mechanisms by which urban lakes in arid regions locally regulate climate at extremely high temperatures, this study simulated a high-temperature event in the Yuehai Lake area of Yinchuan during July 29-30, 2021. Simulations were performed in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Community Land Model coupled model configured with four nested grids. The WRF_CLM model accurately characterized the diurnal temperature variations at the Yinchuan station and effectively reproduced the spatial distributions of physical fields such as the near-surface temperature field and wind field, demonstrating its suitability for simulating lake microclimates in arid regions. Under high-temperature conditions, Yuehai Lake, situated in an arid region, can effectively mitigate urban heat-island intensity through synergistic thermal and dynamic effects. The low humidity and strong radiation in the arid region significantly enhance evaporative cooling during the daytime; consequently, the 2-meter air temperature is approximately 4 ℃ lower near the lake than in the surrounding urban areas. During the nighttime, this temperature difference narrows to 1 ℃ because the strong radiative cooling effect over land combines with the thermal inertia of the cooled water body. This “stronger during the day, weaker at night” pattern reduces the diurnal temperature range in the lake area. Simultaneously, radiative evaporation raises the relative humidity in the lake area by 4%-12% from that in urban areas, with the humidity peaking on the downwind lakeshore. Furthermore, the lake-land thermal contrast effectively drives the lake-land breeze circulation. During the day, a horizontal divergence center forms over the lake surface and extends its influence to approximately 0.05 toward the lakeshore; vertically, it induces a closed circulation cell centered at an approximate height of 2200 meters, creating a core zone of specific humidity. At night, the evaporation weakens and the urban background wind system dominates the moisture diffusion, diminishing the local humidification effect around the lake. This study quantifies the local climatic effects of a typical lake in an arid region, providing a scientific basis for ecological urban planning.
Key words: WRF_CLM model; high temperature; lake-land breeze; climatic effect
WANG Fan , ZHU Xiaowei , GAO Ruina , SUN Yinchuan , HUANG Ying , JIANG Guoyong , LI Jiayao , XU Haoyang , Liu Yao . Numerical simulation study on the impact of typical trban lakes in arid regions on local climate effects[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025 , 42(11) : 2005 -2017 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.11.05
图1 WRF_CLM模式构建的4层嵌套网格区域Fig. 1 Four-level nested grid domain constructed in the WRF_CLM model |
表1 WRF_CLM模式参数配置Tab. 1 Parameter configuration of the WRF_CLM model |
| 参数 | D01 | D02 | D03 | D04 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水平分辨率 | 9 km | 3 km | 1 km | 333 m |
| 微物理方案 | WRF Double-moment 6-class scheme | |||
| 长波辐射 | RRTM scheme | |||
| 短波辐射 | Dudhia scheme | |||
| 陆面过程 | CLM 4.0 | |||
| 边界层 | YSU scheme | |||
| 近地面方案 | Revised MM5 surface layer scheme | |||
| 积云方案 | 无 | |||
| 湖泊方案 | CLM 4.5 lake model | |||
| 地形 | 24-category USGS-based land use data | |||
图6 模式第4层模拟嵌套区域2021年7月29—30日2 m温度空间分布Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of 2 m temperature in the simulated nested domain of the fourth layer in the model from July 29 to 30, 2021 |
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