Effects of drought, salt, and acidity stresses on Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor seed germination
Received date: 2024-05-16
Revised date: 2024-10-10
Online published: 2025-08-13
The effect of environmental factors on the seed germination of two medicinal plants, Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor, was studied using PEG-6000, NaCl, and pH gradient solutions to simulate drought, salt, and acidity stresses, respectively. The results provide the basis for their cultivation in arid, saline-alkali areas and the production of high-quality medicinal materials. The findings revealed that the seed germination percentage and index of A. curassavica and A. tricolor decreased with increasing PEG and NaCl concentrations. After 14 days of stress, the nongerminated seeds could rapidly germinate after rehydration and did not lose their vitality. TTC staining of the nongerminated seeds after rehydration revealed that the seeds remained active; the viable seed proportion of the two medicinal plants was significantly higher than in the control or did not decrease significantly, with mean values of 84% and 90%, respectively. At pH 3-6, the A. curassavica and A. tricolor seed germination percentages were 57% and 83%, while the nongerminated seeds of A. curassavica and A. tricolor lost their vitality. The percentages of dead seeds were 10% and 15%, and the proportions of viable seeds were 91% and 87%, respectively, for A. curassavica and A. tricolor. The two medicinal plants displayed a certain tolerance to drought and salt stress and a strong tolerance to acid stress during germination. The two plants can adopt different germination strategies, such as advanced or delayed germination or dormancy, to adapt to their environmental stresses. This study clarified the seed germination characteristics and differences of A. curassavica and A. tricolor under three abiotic stress factors. It provides a theoretical basis for producing and improving the quality of two medical plants.
JIA Fengqin , HUANG Mintao , DENG Li , LI Jinling , LIANG Meihua , YI Hongwei , SONG Xijuan . Effects of drought, salt, and acidity stresses on Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor seed germination[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025 , 42(2) : 312 -320 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.02.11
表1 PEG胁迫对马利筋和苋菜种子萌发数量特征的影响Tab. 1 Effect of PEG stress on germination quantitative characters of Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor |
| 处理 | 马利筋 | 苋菜 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 萌发率/% | 恢复萌 发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | 萌发率/% | 恢复萌 发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | |||
| PEG浓度/% | CK | 88.43±2.63a | 0.00±0.00c | 2.89±0.96b | 91.32±1.69a | 78.13±2.90a | 0.00±0.00d | 0.50±0.50b | 78.63±2.57c | |
| 5 | 32.92±8.72b | 42.39±9.89b | 13.02±2.47a | 88.33±6.87a | 45.28±4.33b | 22.04±4.92c | 14.56±2.73a | 81.87±2.55bc | ||
| 10 | 16.82±2.28c | 63.35±4.07a | 6.56±2.72ab | 86.74±5.94a | 36.44±2.16c | 46.28±2.56b | 14.71±2.73a | 97.43±0.94a | ||
| 15 | 20.83±4.74bc | 64.17±7.78a | 6.46±2.55ab | 91.47±5.16a | 11.59±2.88d | 57.38±4.97b | 13.47±0.82a | 82.44±3.02bc | ||
| 20 | 5.84±2.10c | 71.25±7.49a | 5.00±5.00ab | 82.09±9.36a | 0.00±0.00e | 78.97±4.36a | 10.26±2.30a | 89.23±2.32b | ||
注:同列不同小写字母表示不同处理下同一指标的差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 |
表2 NaCl胁迫对马利筋和苋菜种子萌发数量特征的影响Tab. 2 Effect of NaCl stress on germination quantitative characters of Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor |
| 处理 | 马利筋 | 苋菜 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 萌发率/% | 恢复萌 发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | 萌发率/% | 恢复萌 发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | |||
| NaCl浓度/(mmol·L-1) | CK | 88.43±2.63a | 0.00±0.00d | 2.89±0.96c | 91.31±1.69a | 78.12±2.90a | 0.00±0.00d | 0.50±0.50c | 78.63±2.58c | |
| 50 | 6.92±0.25b | 36.28±4.22a | 46.54±4.71b | 89.74±1.78a | 33.17±1.35b | 50.76±1.12c | 7.01±3.10ab | 90.95±1.30a | ||
| 100 | 0.00±0.00c | 23.69±1.74b | 47.50±5.50b | 71.19±5.67c | 1.40±0.87c | 81.77±3.53b | 9.62±1.96a | 92.79±1.49a | ||
| 150 | 0.00±0.00c | 10.47±4.55c | 64.73±7.27a | 75.20±3.17bc | 0.00±0.00c | 89.14±2.01a | 2.96±1.97bc | 92.10±1.36a | ||
| 200 | 0.00±0.00c | 11.66±3.19c | 71.67±1.66a | 83.33±1.92ab | 0.00±0.00c | 94.04±0.78a | 0.49±0.49c | 94.53±1.49a | ||
表3 酸胁迫对马利筋和苋菜种子萌发数量特征的影响Tab. 3 Effect of acid stress on germination quantitative characters of Asclepias curassavica and Amaranthus tricolor |
| 处理 | 马利筋 | 苋菜 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 萌发率/% | 恢复萌发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | 萌发率/% | 恢复萌 发率/% | 染色种子 占比/% | 具活力种子占比/% | |||
| pH值 | 3 | 72.53±3.34b | 0.00±0.00a | 18.18±3.12b | 90.71±1.78a | 88.25±0.95ab | 0.00±0.00a | 1.04±0.60a | 89.29±0.37ab | |
| 3.5 | 74.26±3.43b | 0.00±0.00a | 18.66±2.97b | 92.92±1.12a | 82.00±3.89bc | 0.00±0.00a | 1.48±0.94a | 83.49±3.15bc | ||
| 4 | 67.17±2.31bc | 0.00±0.00a | 25.39±2.12ab | 92.57±2.82a | 81.92±4.20bc | 0.00±0.00a | 1.52±0.97a | 83.45±3.29bc | ||
| 4.5 | 57.71±0.86c | 0.00±0.00a | 30.85±2.54a | 88.57±2.19a | 86.47±2.26abc | 0.00±0.00a | 0.51±0.51a | 86.99±2.11ab | ||
| 5 | 66.86±5.82bc | 0.00±0.00a | 25.06±3.72ab | 91.93±2.15a | 87.92±1.85ab | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a | 87.93±1.85ab | ||
| 6 | 57.94±2.06c | 0.00±0.00a | 31.15±4.02a | 89.09±3.67a | 91.47±1.88a | 0.00±0.00a | 0.00±0.00a | 91.47±1.88a | ||
| CK | 88.43±2.63a | 0.00±0.00a | 2.89±0.96c | 91.31±1.69a | 78.13±2.90c | 0.00±0.00a | 0.50±0.50a | 78.63±2.58c | ||
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