Study on the vertical distribution and transport of dust aerosols during typical dust weather events in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China in spring, 2021
Received date: 2024-10-14
Revised date: 2024-11-26
Online published: 2025-08-13
Based on lidar observations combined with ERA5 reanalysis data, HYSPLIT trajectory model, environmental monitoring data and meteorological observations, we studied the vertical distribution of optical properties of dust aerosols in the Taklamakan hinterland in spring 2021. The formation, development processes, potential sources and transport pathways of large-scale aeolian dust weather in Tarim Basin were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that two strong dust processes occurred in the desert hinterland from 20:00 on April 19 to 14:00 on April 21 and from 14:00 on April 22 to 18:00 on April 26. Large amount of suspended dust particles were detected at the height of 0-5 km over the atmosphere. The extinction coefficient was above 0.3 km-1, within 2 km of the surface, and the depolarization ratio was more than 0.6, which was much higher than the threshold value of 0.31. These two dust events were both affected by the low trough in the upper air and the ground cold air. The first dust weather event was mainly caused by cold air crossing over the Tianshan Mountains. Blowing dust weather occurred in Kashgar, Hotan and Aksu. The PM10 concentration in Hotan reached a peak of 3763 µg·m-3on April 22. And the dust source was from the western of the basin. The second dust weather event primarily resulted from cold air entering the basin from the northeast. The PM10 concentration in Korla and Aksu cities increased sharply to 1200 µg·m-3 from 25 to 26, April. Dust particles originated from the local sand, northeastern and northern of the basin. During the second dust weather process, dust particles were blown up and transported higher than before, and the air pollution lasts longer and is more widespread. The windblown dust can suspend above 4 km height during dust processes. The particles transport height was significantly higher than high-frequency areas of dust weather in Hotan and Minfeng.
Key words: Tarim Basin; dust weather; aerosol; vertical distribution; lidar; Tazhong; PM10
TIAN Wenjun , XUE Yibo , ZHANG Xiaoxiao , LEI Jiaqiang , LI Shengyu , FAN Jinglong , ZHANG Heng . Study on the vertical distribution and transport of dust aerosols during typical dust weather events in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China in spring, 2021[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025 , 42(1) : 14 -26 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.01.02
表1 MPL技术参数Tab. 1 Technical parameters of MPL |
技术指标 | 性能参数 |
---|---|
激光器 | 激光二极管泵浦固体调Q激光器 |
波长 | 532 nm |
空间分辨率 | 3.75 m及倍数(可调) |
时间分辨率 | 优于3 s |
最大探测距离 | ≥15 km |
脉冲能量 | ≥10 μJ(可调) |
脉冲重复频率 | 2~7 kHz |
接收场视角 | ≤1.0 mrad |
重量 | ≤30 kg |
图3 第一次沙尘天气过程4个典型时刻消光系数和退偏比廓线Fig. 3 Profile of extinction coefficient and depolarization ratio at four typical moments of the first dust weather process |
图9 HYSPLIT模拟的第一次沙尘天气期间塔中气团后向轨迹注:图a表示4月19日23:00(UTC)48 h后向轨迹。下同。 Fig. 9 Backward trajectory of air mass in Tazhong during the first dust weather simulated by HYSPLIT |
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