Change in atmospheric and surface water resource in Xinjiang
Received date: 2023-07-30
Revised date: 2023-09-23
Online published: 2024-06-20
The scarcity of water resources is the most critical natural factor impeding high-quality economic and social development and ecological security in Xinjiang. This paper systematically analyzes trends in precipitation, atmospheric water resources, and surface water resources in Xinjiang. It also establishes the conversion relationship between different water resources in Xinjiang. The findings reveal that annual precipitation water resources amount to 2717.12×108 m3, with water vapor input reaching 21115×108 m3, resulting in a net water vapor income of 347.5×108 m3. Between 1961 and 2022, Xinjiang experienced a 12.5% increase in precipitation conversion. The annual total water resources in Xinjiang is 912.3×108 m3, where surface water resources constituted 864.1×108 m3 from 2001 to 2020, resulting in a water yield coefficient of 0.32. The observed trends show a significant increase in annual precipitation in Xinjiang, a slight decrease in total water vapor input, a marginal increase in net water vapor income, and a significant increase in precipitation conversion between 1961 and 2022. Although surface water resources in Xinjiang are abundant, the water yield coefficient exhibited a weak fluctuating decreasing trend from 2001 to 2020. Nevertheless, prominent issues persist in water resources research in Xinjiang, including insufficient studies on precipitation water resource volumes, understanding of cloud water resource characteristics, and continuous monitoring of the physical process of cloud precipitation. To address these challenges, it is imperative to conduct comprehensive scientific field experiments on cloud precipitation physics, including strengthening research on the physical processes of cloud precipitation, refining cloud water resource assessments, and examining precipitation efficiency and water increase effects within typical cloud systems. These studies will aid in developing cloud water resources and air-groundwater resources joint control technology for arid areas.
YAO Junqiang . Change in atmospheric and surface water resource in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024 , 41(2) : 181 -190 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.01
表1 1961—2022年新疆各边界年水汽通量Tab. 1 Annual water vapor fluxes across boundaries in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2022 /108 m3 |
| 水汽通量 | 春季 | 夏季 | 秋季 | 冬季 | 年 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西边界 | 5251.9 | 8243.1 | 5454 | 2899.8 | 21848.8 |
| 东边界 | 4841.4 | 7660.1 | 5300.1 | 3018.2 | 20819.8 |
| 南边界 | 375.8 | 265.2 | 716.3 | 583 | 1940.3 |
| 北边界 | -446.3 | -976.9 | -869.9 | -320.4 | -2613.5 |
| 总输入 | 5120.2 | 7531.4 | 5300.4 | 3162.7 | 21115 |
| 总输出 | 4788.8 | 7660.1 | 5300.1 | 3018.2 | 20767 |
| 净收支 | 331.4 | -128.8 | 0.3 | 144.6 | 347.5 |
注:西边界为正表示水汽自西向东输入新疆,为负表示水汽自东向西输出新疆。东边界为正表示水汽自西向东输出新疆,为负表示水汽自东向西输入新疆。南边界为正表示水汽自南向北输入新疆,为负表示水汽自北向南输出新疆。北边界为正表示水汽自南向北输出新疆,为负表示水汽自北向南输入新疆。 |
感谢硕士研究生曲良璐在水汽收支计算方面提供的帮助。
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