Morphological characteristics of the leaves and roots of Caroxylon passerinum seedlings in response to drought-induced stress
Received date: 2023-05-15
Revised date: 2023-08-24
Online published: 2024-06-20
Exploring the response of leaf and root morphological characteristics of desert plants to drought stress is helpful in understanding and predicting their growth regulation strategies under the climate change scenario. The seedlings of the typical desert plant Caroxylon passerinum were treated with slow and rapid drought, and the morphological indices of leaves and roots were measured. The morphological characteristics of leaves and roots of C. passerinum seedlings under drought stress were analyzed using slow and fast drought treatments. The results showed that: (1) with an extension in slow drought stress treatment time, thick-root diameter, fine-root specific length, and specific root area decreased; the leaf tissue density under rapid drought treatment increased; after slow drought treatment, the thick-root tissue density increased, while it increased at first and then decreased post-rapid drought treatment. (2) At the end of the growth period of 54 days, the thick-root diameter reduced markedly under the two treatments; the succulent degree and water content were significantly lower under rapid drought than those of the control and slow drought treatments, respectively. The thick-root tissue density of C. passerinum seedlings increased significantly after 37 days of stress, which was higher post-slow than fast drought. (3) The first four axes of principal components were mainly affected by coarse-root specific root length, thick-root tissue density, fine-root specific root length, and specific leaf area. Correlation analysis revealed that 29 pairs of characters were interrelated. In summary, the leaves, thick roots, and fine roots of C. passerinum showed varying adaptation strategies especially by reducing the diameter of thick roots under the two types of drought treatment. Under rapid drought, C. passerinum adapted to soil water deficit by enhancing the leaf tissue density and reducing fine-root specific root length and specific root area. Thus, C. passerinum seedlings adapt to drought through a coordination or tradeoff within and between leaf and root traits.
Key words: drought stress; morphological characteristics; leaf; root; Caroxylon passerinum
YAN Qiaofang , SHAN Lishan , XIE Tingting , WANG Hongyong , SHI Yating . Morphological characteristics of the leaves and roots of Caroxylon passerinum seedlings in response to drought-induced stress[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024 , 41(1) : 92 -103 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.01.09
表1 干旱胁迫强度和胁迫时间对珍珠柴幼苗叶片性状的重复测量方差分析Tab. 1 Repeated measurement ANOVA of drought stress intensity and stress time on C. passerinum leaf traits |
| 性状 | 干旱强度 | 干旱时间 | 交互作用 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 肉质化程度/(g·g-1) | 0.207 | 21.456** | 1.844 |
| 叶片含水量/% | 3.944* | 16.404** | 5.385** |
| 比叶面积/(cm2·g-1) | 0.543 | 1.181 | 1.434 |
| 叶组织密度/(g·cm-3) | 0.155 | 1.753 | 1.805 |
| 粗根比根长/(cm·g-1) | 4.405* | 12.653** | 2.979 |
| 粗根比根面积/(cm2·g-1) | 8.380** | 9.602** | 1.119 |
| 粗根组织密度/(g·cm-3) | 8.498** | 18.124** | 2.047 |
| 粗根直径/mm | 1.292 | 3.258 | 7.588** |
| 细根比根长/(cm·g-1) | 6.424** | 29.991** | 7.112** |
| 细根比根面积/(cm2·g-1) | 20.576 | 22.702** | 5.228** |
| 细根组织密度/(g·cm-3) | 6.594* | 114.10** | 41.609** |
| 细根直径/mm | 25.939** | 49.613** | 9.015** |
注:*表示相关性显著,**表示相关性极显著。 |
图4 干旱胁迫条件下珍珠柴幼苗根叶形态特征PCA分析结果注:DOF为肉质化程度,WC为叶片含水量,SLA为比叶面积,LTD为叶组织密度,T-SRL为粗根比根长,T-SRA为粗根比根面积,T-RTD为粗根组织密度,T-RD为粗根直径,F-SRL为细根比根长,F-SRA为细根比根面积,F-RTD为细根组织密度,F-RD为细根直径。下同。 Fig. 4 Results of PCA analysis of root and leaf morphological characteristics of C. passerinum seedlings under drought stress |
表2 主成分载荷矩阵Tab. 2 Principal component loading matrix |
| PC1 | PC2 | PC3 | PC4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 肉质化程度 | 0.409 | -0.150 | 0.125 | 0.070 |
| 叶片含水量 | 0.365 | -0.237 | 0.231 | -0.105 |
| 比叶面积 | 0.215 | -0.331 | -0.087 | 0.545 |
| 叶组织密度 | -0.259 | 0.416 | -0.133 | -0.342 |
| 粗根比根长 | 0.279 | 0.503 | 0.035 | 0.255 |
| 粗根比根面积 | 0.353 | 0.063 | -0.338 | -0.129 |
| 粗根组织密度 | 0.282 | 0.503 | 0.105 | 0.187 |
| 粗根直径 | 0.364 | 0.013 | -0.286 | -0.276 |
| 细根比根长 | -0.252 | -0.221 | -0.539 | 0.099 |
| 细根比根面积 | -0.279 | 0.205 | 0.231 | 0.393 |
| 细根组织密度 | -0.044 | -0.182 | 0.590 | -0.331 |
| 细根直径 | -0.168 | -0.065 | 0.073 | 0.322 |
| 贡献率/% | 36.868 | 15.645 | 13.826 | 12.406 |
| 累积贡献率/% | 36.868 | 52.512 | 66.338 | 78.744 |
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